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The bone marrow niche landscape:a journey through aging,extrinsic and intrinsic stressors in the haemopoietic milieu

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 526-537页

作者： Antonio Giovanni Solimando Assunta Melaccio angelo vacca Roberto Ria Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical OncologyUniversity of Bari Medical SchoolBari 70124 Italy

Inflammation and its effects in the bone marrow microenvironment represent a paradigmatic condition in which the hematopoietic niche and the immune systems,thought to properly sustain blood cell production and distinguish between friend and foe,can actively sustain a corrupted neighborhood within a chronic aberrant inflamed *** bone marrow niche hijacks the physiologic *** interactions between the hematopoietic stem cells and the niche in the bone marrow are critical determinants of *** examined several approaches to confront the available evidence;three key points emerged,pointing to the chronic inflammation process,especially the chronic infection and systemic inflammatory states,as leading causes of hematopoietic stem cell *** hematopoiesis,defined as a relative expansion of individual clones,is caused by somatic alterations in essential hematopoietic genes,which increase stem cell ***,terminal differentiation plays a significant role in progenitor loss and inflammatory signaling,promoting clonal selection and clonal hematopoiesis *** myeloid malignancies as paradigmatic examples are discussed as a condition associated with inflammation,including the 5q-syndrome,Philadelphia negative myeloproliferative neoplasms,and chronic myeloid *** with increased fitness and hematopoietic stem cell attrition,extrinsic stress,enhanced stressor-specific fitness,and intrinsic defect across the hematopoietic process represent the route for novel insights in defective *** discussion in this review also points out that the hematopoietic niches’inflammatory stimulation may affect differentiation patterns and the function of downstream cells.

关键词： Hematopoietic niche immune system inflammation tumor microenvironment

Novel agents and new therapeutic approaches for treatment of multiple myeloma

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World Journal of Methodology 2014年第2期4卷 73-90页

作者： Roberto Ria Antonia Reale angelo vacca Section of Internal Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human On-cologyUniversity of Bari Medical SchoolI-70124 BariItaly

This review summarizes the therapeutic strategies and the drugs actually in development for the management of myeloma patients. Multiple myeloma is caused by the expansion of monoclonal plasma cells and secretion of M-protein(immunoglobulins, Bence Jones protein and free light chains). Multiple myeloma still remains an incurable disease with a high incidence rate in the elderly, despite the introduction of several new therapeutic agents(bortezomib, lenalidomide and thalidomide) which have changed its natural history. The high heterogeneity of this disease leads to large differences in clinical responses to treatments. Thus, the choice of the best treatment is a difficult issue. However, the introduction of new drugs has made it possible to achieve high response rates and good quality respons-es with long-term disease control. Interactions between tumor cells and their bone marrow microenvironment play a pivotal role in the development, maintenance, and progression of myeloma, inducing also drug resistance. These knowledges have improved treatment options, leading to the approval of new drugs which not only target the malignant cell itself, but also its microenvironment. These agents are in preclinical/early clinical evaluation and they appear to further improve disease control, but their use is still not approved outside of clinical trials.

关键词： Immunomodulators Multiple myeloma New drugs Proteasome inhibitors Target therapy

Vascular endothelial growth factor and tryptase changes after chemoembolization in hepatocarcinoma patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第19期21卷 6018-6025页

作者： Girolamo Ranieri Michele Ammendola Ilaria Marech Annamaria Laterza Ines Abbate Caroline Oakley angelo vacca Rosario Sacco Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology National Cancer Research Centre Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Clinical Surgery Unit University of "Magna Graecia" Department of Experimental Oncology Laboratory of Analyses Cancer Institute "Giovanni Paolo II" Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology University of Bari Medical School

AIM: To evaluate vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and tryptase in hepatocellular cancer(HCC)before and after trans-arterial chemoembolization(TACE).METHODS: VEGF and tryptase serum concentrations were assessed from 71 unresectable HCC patients before and after hepatic TACE performed by binding DC-Beads?to doxorubicin. VEGF levels were examined for each serum sample using the Quantikine Human VEGF-enzyme-linked immuno-absorbent assay(ELISA),whereas tryptase serum concentrations were assessed for each serum sample by means of fluoro-enzyme immunoassay(FEIA) using the Uni-CAP100 *** between serum VEGF and tryptase values before and after TACE were evaluated using Student t test. Person's correlation was used to assess the degree of association between the two ***: VEGF levels and serum tryptase in HCCpatients before TACE had a mean value and standard deviation(SD) of 114.31 ± 79.58 pg/mL and 8.13± 3.61 μg/L, respectively. The mean levels and SD of VEGF levels and serum tryptase in HCC patients after TACE were 238.14 ± 109.41 pg/mL and 4.02 ±3.03 μg/L. The changes between the mean values of concentration of VEGF and tryptase before treatment and after treatment was statistically significant(P <0.000231 and P < 0.00124, by Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney respectively). A significant correlation between VEGF levels before and after TACE and between tryptase levels before and after TACE was demonstrated(r =0.68, P = 0.003; r = 0.84, P = 0.000 respectively).CONCLUSION: Our pilot results suggest that the higher serum VEGF levels and the lower tryptase levels following TACE may be potential biomarkers changing in response to therapy.

关键词： Serum levels Tryptase Vascular endothelialgrowth factor Hepatocellular cancer Chemoembolization

Metabolic characterization of selected probiotic consortia during gluten and wheat bread simulated digestion

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mirco vacca Giuseppe Celano Olga Nikoloudaki Bodo Speckmann Francesco Maria Calabrese Marco Gobbetti Maria de Angelis Faculty of Science and Technology， Free University of Bozen Evonik Operations GmbH Department of Soil Plant and Food Sciences， University of Bari Aldo Moro

While exerting their metabolic activities in the gastrointestinal milieu， probiotics impact the host well-being by boosting immunity， treating metabolic disorders， and modulating microbiota and metabolome. Due to the high incidence of gluten-based disorders， the present work aims to deeply explore the metabolism of two selected microbial consortia (MCs) during gluten digestion under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Featured by high protease and peptidase activity， both MCs accounted for different lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus strains that were combined with two commercial protease enzymes. Gluten substrates were used as purified extracts， white and whole wheat breads. Control samples， instead， relied onto the microbial enzyme lack. Twenty-four hours of simulated digestion were sufficient to completely hydrolyze gluten in one of the two MC-containing experimental sets， and the relative 48 h-digested extract did not alter the cytokine expression in duodenal biopsies from celiac disease (CeD) patients. When digested samples were assayed for antioxidant and phytase activities， microbial enzymes demonstrated to significantly improve both ABTS and DPPH values and to decrease the phytic acid concentration. The inspection of the free amino acid profiles allowed for distinguishing the two MCs， whereas the detection of a heterogeneous panel of volatile organic compounds supported the presence/activity of microbial enzymes without statistically significant differences between MCs. As functional contribution， digested extracts with MCs also proved to reduce the inflammatory cytokine concentrations in cell lines exposed to lipopolysaccharide trigger. Therefore， in line with studies exploring novel adjuvant therapies， the present innovative probiotic consortium featured by high gluten-hydrolyzing metabolism also showed the capability to improve various parameters usually found to be altered in patients affected by gluten-based disorders or CeD.

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A two-phase model for fast geomorphic shallow flows

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2012年第4期27卷 409-425页

作者： Massimo GRECO Michele IERVOLINO angelo LEOPARDI Andrea vacca Dipartimento di Ingegneria Idraulica Geotecnica ed Ambientale-Universita di Napoli “Federico Ⅱ”via Claudio 21-80125 NapoliITALY Prof. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Meccanica-Universita di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale via Di Biasio 43-03043 Cassino(FR)ITALY Assis.Prof.Dr. 4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile-Seconda Universita di Napolivia Roma 29-81031 Aversa(CE)ITALY Assoc.Prof.Dr. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile-Seconda Universita di Napoli via Roma 29-81031 Aversa(CE)ITALY Assis.Prof.Dr.

The paper introduces a 2D shallow water model based on a two-phase formulation for the analysis of fast geomorphic transients occurring in the context of river *** and momentum conservation principles are separately imposed for both *** model naturally accounts for non-equilibrium solid transport,since neither instantaneous adaptation hypothesis nor any lag equation is employed to represent sediment *** hyperbolic character of the proposed model is shown to be preserved independently on the flow *** from numerical simulations of both 1D and 2D test-cases are compared with literature experimental data and with available numerical solutions.

关键词： Morphodynamic model Non-equilibrium sediment transport Two-phase shallow-water model Eigenvalues analysis Dam-break flows

Simplified Wave Models Applicability to Shallow Mud Flows Modeled as Power-Law Fluids

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第6期11卷 1454-1465页

作者： Cristiana DI CRISTO Michele IERVOLINO Andrea vacca DICeM Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale DICDEA Seconda Università di Napoli

Simplified wave models- such as kinematic,diffusion and quasi-steady- are widely employed as a convenient replacement of the full dynamic one in the analysis of unsteady open-channel flows,and especially for flood *** their use may guarantee a significant reduction of the computational effort,it is mandatory to define the conditions in which they may be confidently *** present paper investigates the applicability conditions of the kinematic,diffusion and quasisteady dynamic shallow wave models for mud flows of power-law *** power-law model describes in an adequate and convenient way fluids that at low shear rates fluids do not posses yield stress,such as clay or kaolin suspensions,which are frequently encountered in Chinese *** the framework of a linear analysis,the propagation characteristics of a periodic perturbation of an initial steady uniform flow predicted by the simplified models are compared with those of the full dynamic *** on this comparison,applicability criteria for the different wave approximations for mud flood of power-law fluids are *** presented results provide guidelines for selecting the appropriate approximation for a given flow problem,and therefore they may represent a useful tool for engineering predictions.

关键词： Power-law fluid Unsteady flows Shallow flows Simplified wave models

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Numerical simulation of mud-flows impacting structures

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 364-382页

作者： GRECO Massimo DI CRISTO Cristiana IERVOLINO Michele vacca Andrea DICEA Università di Napoli Federico II DI Università della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli

The study of the interaction of mud-flows with obstacles is important to define inundation zones in urban areas and to design the possible structural countermeasures. The paper numerically investigates the impact of a mud-flow on rigid obstacles to evaluate the force acting on them using two different depth-integrated theoretical models, Single-Phase Model(SPM) and Two-Phase Model(TPM), to compare their performance and limits. In the first one the water-sediment mixture is represented as a homogeneous continuum described by a shearthinning power-law rheology. Alternatively, the twophase model proposed by Di Cristo et al in 2016 is used, which separately accounts for the liquid and solid phases. The considered test cases are represented by a 1D landslide flowing on a steep slope impacting on a rigid wall and a 2D mud dam-break flowing on a horizontal bottom in presence of single and multiple rigid obstacles. In the 1D test case, characterized by a very steep slope, the Two-Phase Model predicts the separation between the two phases with a significant longitudinal variation of the solid concentration. In this case the results indicate appreciable differences between the two models in the estimation of both the wave celerity and the magnitude of the impact, with an overestimation of the peak force when using the Single-Phase Model. In the 2D test-cases, where the liquid and solid phases remain mixed, even if the flow fields predicted by the two models present some differences, the essential features of the interaction with the obstacles, along with the maximum impact force, are comparable.

关键词： Mud-Flow Impact force Two-phase model Power-law

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WUI fire risk mitigation in Europe:A performance-based design approach at home-owner level

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第2期1卷 97-105页

作者： Pascale vacca David Caballero Elsa Pastor Eulàlia Planas Centre for Technological Risk Studies Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de Catalunya•BarcelonaTechEduard Maristany 10-14BarcelonaCatalonia E-08019Spain Pau Costa Foundation c.Castell 11TivissaTarragonaSpain

Fires at the Wildland-Urban Interface(WUI)are becoming increasingly hazardous for life safety and property *** and standards for fire practitioners are needed in order to help WUI communities face this threat and become fire-adapted.A performance-based design approach(PBD)is proposed to deal with the complex issues present at the WUI homeowner scale,which entails the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)tools such as FDS in order to identify vulnerabilities in a quantitative *** analysis of recent European WUI fires is presented,along with the definition of several pattern scenarios that can be derived from *** on this analysis,examples of PBD fire scenarios specific for the Mediterranean WUI microscale are presented,involving glazing systems,roofing and gutters,external structures adjacent to the main building,and gaps present in the building envelope.A worked example to show the implementation of the proposed PBD method is provided in which the fire impact of residential fuel on a glazing system is quantitatively analysed.

关键词： CFD simulation Wildland-urban interface Vulnerability assessment House loss Design fire scenarios

100 years of high GEM concentration in the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre(Florence,Italy)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 377-388页

作者： Jacopo Cabassi Valentina Rimondi Zhang Yeqing Antonella vacca Orlando Vaselli Antonella Buccianti Pilario Costagliola Department of Earth Sciences University of FlorenceVia G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly CNR-Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources Via G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly

Up to 1980 s,the most used preservative for herbaria specimens was HgCl2,sublimating at ambient air conditions;ionic Hg then reduces to Hg0(gaseous elemental mercury,GEM)and diffuses throughout poor ventilated *** GEM levels may indeed persist for decades,representing a health *** this study,we present new GEM data from the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre of the University of Florence(Italy).These herbaria host one of the largest collection of plants in the ***,HgCl2 was documented as plant preservative up to the 1920 *** surveys were conducted in July 2013 and July and December 2017,to account for temporal and seasonal *** show GEM concentrations well above those of external locations,with peak levels within specimen storage cabinets,exceeding 50,000 ng/*** concentrations up to^7800 ng/m3 were observed where the most ancient collections are stored and no ventilation systems were *** the contrary,lower GEM concentrations were observed at the first ***,lower and more homogeneously distributed GEM concentrations were measured in 2017 than in 2013 since the air-conditioning system was updated in *** concentrations were similar to other herbaria worldwide and lower than Italian permissible exposure limit of 20,000 ng/m3(8-hr working day).Our results indicate that after a century from the latest HgCl2 treatment GEM concentrations are still high,i.e.,the treatment itself is almost *** conditioning and renewing is probably the less expensive and more effective method for GEM lowering.

关键词： Gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) Mercuric chloride Herbaria Florence Health safety

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