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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson christine Roffe Else c Sandset Jeffrey L Saver angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute china at Peking University Health Science center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK centre for clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and comprehensive Stroke center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%cI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%cI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIc⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Predictors of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge among Women of Reproductive Age in Southeast Nigeria

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International Journal of clinical Medicine 2024年第7期15卷 240-256页

作者： Jideuma Egwim Victor Dike Hope Igbonagwam Nkechinyere Oke Uzoma Amajo Akuchi Okafor angela Izegbune Ijedimma Okafor Department of Family Medicine Federal University Teaching Hospital Owerri Nigeria Department of Public Health Central Michigan University Mount Pleasant Michigan USA Department of Ophthalmology Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Lagos University Teaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Ebonyi State Nigeria Field Office World Health Organisation Imo State Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Ebonyi State University College of Health Sciences Ebonyi State Nigeria

Background: An abnormal vaginal discharge is a common complaint among women of reproductive age, and it can indicate serious conditions like pelvic inflammatory disease and cervical cancer. This study aimed to assess the predictors of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age group in Imo State, Southeast Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 women of reproductive age group attending the clinic at Federal University Teaching Hospital Owerri, in Imo State, Nigeria. Respondents were recruited using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine predictors of abnormal vaginal discharge. Statistical significance was set at p Results: The mean age of the respondents was 30 ± 4.5 years. Predictors of abnormal vaginal discharge were: age 36 - 45 years (OR: 4.5;95% c.I: 1.023 - 8.967, p = 0.041), being a student (OR: 2.4: 95% c.I: 1.496 - 7.336, p = 0.003), use of oral contraceptives (OR: 3.4;95% c.I: 1.068 - 6.932, p = 0.010), use of water cistern (OR: 4.7;c.I: 1.654 - 5.210, p = 0.028) anal hygiene practices (OR: 2.7;95% c.I: 1.142 - 4.809, p conclusion: These findings suggest that targeted sexual and reproductive health interventions should be provided to reduce the risk of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of reproductive age group.

关键词： Predictors Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten Schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler Susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann Stefan Lehr Stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene Schnorr angela Schulz Martina Strnadová Akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten Schöneberg Doreen Thor Simone Prömel Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany cardiovascular Research Institute(cARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany School of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPcRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPcRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(Mc4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPcR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

Biosensing with free space whispering gallery mode microlasers

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Photonics Research 2023年第5期11卷 732-741页

作者： angela cAPOcEFALO SILVIA GENTILINI LORENZO BAROLO PAOLA BAIOccO cLAUDIO cONTI NEDA GHOFRANIHA Istituto dei Sistemi complessi-cNR UOS UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A.Rossi Fanelli UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly Dipartimento di Fisica UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly

Highly accurate biosensors for few or single molecule detection play a central role in numerous key fields,such as healthcare and environmental *** the last decade,laser biosensors have been investigated as proofs of concept,and several technologies have been *** here propose a demonstration of polymeric whispering gallery microlasers as biosensors for detecting small amounts of proteins,down to 400 *** have the advantage of working in free space without any need for waveguiding for input excitation or output signal *** photonic microsensors can be easily patterned on microscope slides and operate in air and *** estimate the limit of detection up to 148 nm/RIU for three different protein *** addition,the sensing ability of passive spherical resonators in the presence of dielectric nanoparticles that mimic proteins is described by massive ab initio numerical simulations.

关键词： passive mode excitation

Helicobacter pylori:a foodborne pathogen?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第31期24卷 3472-3487页

作者： Nicoletta c Quaglia angela Dambrosio Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation Section of Veterinary Clinic and Animal ProductionUniversity of Bari "Aldo Moro"

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is an organism that is widespread in the human population and is sometimes responsible for some of the most common chronic clinical disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract in humans, such as chronic-active gastritis, duodenal and gastric ulcer disease, low-grade B-cell mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach, and gastric adenocarcinoma, which is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The routes of infection have not yet been firmly established, and different routes of transmission have been suggested, although the most commonly accepted hypothesis is that infection takes place through the faecal-oral route and that contaminated water and foods might play an important role in transmission of the microorganism to humans. Furthermore, several authors have considered H. pylori to be a foodborne pathogen because of some of its microbiological and epidemiological characteristics. H. pylori has been detected in drinking water, seawater, vegetables and foods of animal origin. H. pylori survives in complex foodstuffs such as milk, vegetables and ready-to-eat foods. This review article presents an overview of the present knowledge on the microbiological aspects in terms of phenotypic characteristics and growth requirements of H. pylori, focusing on the potential role that foodstuffs and water may play in the transmission of the pathogen to humans and the methods successfully used for the detection of this microorganism in foodstuffs and water.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Viable but nonculturable state Foodborne pathogen Food Water Animal reservoirs culture methods Molecular methods

context-dependent insect predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite

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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1784-1797页

作者： angela Salido Jesús Veiga Joaquín Luis Reyes-López Francisco Valera Department of Botany Ecology and Plant PhysiologyUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Departamento de Ecología Funcional y Evolutiva Estación Experimental de ZonasÁridas(EEZA-CSIC)AlmeríaSpain Department of Parasitology University of GranadaGranadaSpain MEMEG Department of BiologyLund UniversityLundSweden

context dependence arises when ecological relationships vary with the conditions under which they are observed. context dependence of interactions involving parasites is poorly known, even if it is key to understanding host–parasite relationships and food web dynamics. This paper investigates to which extent predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite (carnus hemapterus) is context-dependent. Based on a predator-exclusion experiment, predation pressure on c. hemapterus pupae in the host's nest for 3 years, and its variation between habitat types are quantified. Variation in precipitation and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is also explored as a likely cause of context dependency. We hypothesize that predation pressure should fluctuate with such surrogates of food availability, so that inter-annual and intra-annual differences may emerge. The number of nests with significant reduction of pupae varied widely among years ranging from 24% to 75%. However, average pupae reduction in nests where a significant reduction occurred did not vary between years. No differences in predation rates between habitat types were detected. Precipitation and NDVI varied widely between years and NDVI was consistently lower around nests on cliffs than around nests on trees and farmhouses. Parallels were found between variation in predation pressure and precipitation/NDVI at a wide scale (highest predation the driest year, and much lower the 2 rainier ones), but not at the nest scale. This paper shows clear context-dependent insect predation pressure on an ectoparasite under natural conditions, and that such interaction changes in signs rather than magnitude between years. The causes for these variations require longer-term studies and/or well-designed, large-scale experiments.

关键词： ants arid areas carnus hemapterus consumer-resource interaction ecosys-tem productivity predator-parasite rainfall

Infectious keratitis in Vietnam:etiology,organisms,and management at Vietnam National Eye Hospital

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 128-134页

作者： Pham Ngoc Dong Do Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen Thi Nga Duong Mai Thi Lien angela c.chen Anthony J.Aldave Vietnam National Eye Hospital Hanoi 10000Vietnam Nam Dinh Eye Hospital Nam Dinh 420000Vietnam Stein Eye Institute UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCA 90095USA

AIM:To report the etiologies,risk factors,treatments,and outcomes of infectious keratitis(IK)at a major Vietnamese eye ***:This is a retrospective review of all cases of IK at Vietnam National Eye Hospital(VNEH)in Hanoi,*** histories,demographics,clinical features,microbiological results,and treatment outcomes were ***:IK was diagnosed in 1974 eyes of 1952 patients,with ocular trauma being the greatest risk factor for IK(34.2%),frequently resulting from an agriculturerelated injur y(53.3%).The mean duration between symptom onset and presentation to VNEH was 19.3±14.4 d,and 98.7%of patients had been treated with topical antibiotic and/or antifungal agents prior to evaluation at *** on smear results of 1706 samples,the most common organisms identified were bacteria(n=1107,64.9%)and fungi(n=1092,64.0%),with identification of both bacteria and fungi in 614(36.0%)***-five of 374 bacterial cultures(14.7%)and 426 of 838 fungal cultures(50.8%)were positive,with the most commonly cultured pathogens being Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Streptococcus pneumonia,Fusarium spp.,and Aspergillus *** perforation and descemetocele developed in 391(19.8%)and 93(4.7%)eyes,*** treatment was successful in resolving IK in 50.4%eyes,while 337(17.1%)eyes underwent penetrating or anterior lamellar *** was performed in 7.1%of eyes,most commonly in the setting of fungal ***:Ocular trauma is a major risk factor for IK in Vietnam,which is diagnosed in almost 400 patients each year at *** this,and as approximately one quarter of the eyes that develop IK require corneal transplantation or evisceration,greater emphasis should be placed on the development of prevention and treatment programs for IK in Vietnam.

关键词： infectious keratitis bacterial keratitis fungal keratitis microsporidial keratitis Acanthamoeba keratitis herpes simplex virus keratitis Vietnam

cRISPR/cas9-Targeted Knockout of Rice Susceptibility Genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104 Reveals Alternative Sources of Resistance to Pyricularia oryzae

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Rice science 2022年第6期29卷 535-544,I0023-I0030页

作者： Fabiano T.P.KTÁVORA Anne cécile MEUNIER Aurore VERNET Murielle PORTEFAIX Joëlle MILAZZO Henri ADREIT Didier THARREAU Octávio LFRANcO angela MEHTA Department of Genetics and Biotechnology Federal University of Juiz de ForaJuiz de Fora-MG 36036330Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasília-DF 70770-917Brazil Genetic Improvement and Adaptation of Mediterranean and Tropical Plants Agricultural Research Center for International Development(CIRAD)Montpellier 34398 CEDEX 5France cIRAD-INRAe-Agro Institute University of MontpellierMontpellier 34000France Plant Health Institute of Montpellier CIRADMontpellier 34398France University of Montpellier National Institute of Agronomic ResearchResearch Institute for DevelopmentMontpellier SupAgroMontpellier 34398France Department of Genomics Science and Biotechnology Proteomics Analysis CenterCatholic University of BrasíliaBrasília-DF 71966-900Brazil S-Inova Biotech Catholic University of Dom BoscoCampo Grande-MS 79117-900Brazil

Rice genes OsDjA2 and OsERF104,encoding a chaperone protein and an APETELA2/ethylene-responsive factor,respectively,are strongly induced in a compatible interaction with blast fungus,and also have function in plant susceptibility validated through gene ***,we reported the cRISPR/cas9 knockout of OsDjA2 and OsERF104 genes resulting in considerable improvement of blast resistance.A total of 15 OsDjA2(62.5%)and 17 OsERF104(70.8%)T_(0)transformed lines were identified from 24 regenerated plants for each target and used in downstream *** of homozygous T1 mutant lines revealed not only a significant decrease in the number of blast lesions but also a reduction in the percentage of diseased leaf area,compared with the infected control *** results supported cRISPR/cas9-mediated target mutation in rice susceptibility genes as a potential and alternative breeding strategy for building resistance to blast disease.

关键词： gene editing plant-pathogen interaction Magnaporthe pathosystem plant immunity blast resistance S-gene rice

A behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late-gestation sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 814-826页

作者： Betty R.Mcconn Allan P.Schinckel Lindsey Robbins Brianna N.Gaskill angela R.Green‑Miller Donald c.Lay Jr Jay S.Johnson Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA USDA-ARS Livestock Behavior Research Unit West LafayetteIN 47907USA.

Background:Although thermal indices have been proposed for swine,none to our knowledge differentiate by reproductive stage or predict thermal comfort using behavioral and physiological *** study objective was to develop a behavior and physiology-based decision support tool to predict thermal comfort and stress in multiparous(3.28±0.81)non-pregnant(n=11),mid-gestation(n=13),and late-gestation(n=12)***:Regression analyses were performed using PROc MIXED in SAS 9.4 to determine the optimal environmental indicator[dry bulb temperature(TDB)and dew point]of heat stress(HS)in non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and lategestation sows with respiration rate(RR)and body temperature(TB)successively used as the dependent variable in a cubic function.A linear relationship was observed for skin temperature(T_(S))indicating that TDB rather than the sow HS response impacted T_(S)and so T_(S)was excluded from further *** stage was significant for all analyses(Pch reproductive stage were calculated using the inflections points of RR for mild HS and TB for moderate and severe *** HS inflection points differed for non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late gestation sows and occurred at 25.5,25.1,and 24.0℃,*** HS inflection points differed for non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late gestation sows and occurred at 28.1,27.8,and 25.5℃,*** HS inflection points were similar for non-pregnant and mid-gestation sows(32.9℃)but differed for late-gestation sows(30.8℃).These data were integrated with previously collected behavioral thermal preference data to estimate the TDB that non-pregnant,mid-gestation,and late-gestation sows found to be cool(TDBce range),comfortable(TDB=TDB preference range),and warm(TDB preference rangeconclusions:The results of this study provide valuable information about thermal comfort and thermal stress thresholds in sows at three reproductive *** dev

关键词： Decision support Gestation Heat stress Management Sows Thermal index