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Plant micro-reserves in Valencia(E. Spain):A model to preserve threatened flora in China?

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 383-389页

作者： Simón Fos Emilio Laguna Juan Jimenez Miguel angel Gómez-Serrano VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Corts Valencianes Servicio de Vida Silvestre Generalitat Valenciana C./ Castan Tobenas Centro para la Experimentación e Investigación Forestal (CIEF) Generalitat Valenciana Avda. Comarques del País Valencia

The Valencian Community(eastern Spain) was the pioneer territory establishing plant micro-reserves(PMRs). Its model to protect small sites for endemic and endangered plants has been exported to several countries around the globe. This paper highlights 1) the role of PMRs to complement the protection provided by large protected areas, 2) how the establishment of PMRs fosters the increase of floristic knowledge, and 3)the fact that continuous monitoring of PMRs also yields new records of endangered species found within the same PMRs. The flexibility of the PMR approach-it can be adapted to other national and regional legislationsallows its transfer to other rich-biodiversity regions and countries such as China.

关键词： Plant micro-reserves in situ conservation Threatened species Endemic plants Protected areas

Plants and heterotrimeric G proteins:Expect the unexpected

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 506-508页

作者： angel Ferrero-Serrano David Chakravorty Biology Department Penn State University208 Mueller LaboratoryUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

The United Nations estimates that by 2050 the world population will reach 9.7 billion(United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs,Population Division,2022),which will increase food ***,predictions anticipate global crop yield declines of 5.6%–18.2%as a result of climate change(Zhao et al.,2017).Climate change will result in extreme weather events that are already occurring and that will become more frequent and variable in the ***,more than ever,we need plants that can cope with unpredictable weather events such as drought or heat ***,understanding and controlling plant stress responses is likely to be one of several fundamental advances crucial to meeting increased crop production *** is an urgent necessity to develop crops that tolerate multiple stresses without a deleterious reduction in fitness under optimal ***,efforts to release such varieties have often failed because of an unacceptable trade-off between growth and stress tolerance.

关键词： weather crops likely

IKKβ overexpression together with a lack of tumour suppressor genes causes ameloblastic odontomas in mice

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International Journal of Oral Science 2020年第1期12卷 31-39页

作者： Angustias Page Ana Bravo Cristian Suarez-Cabrera Raquel Sanchez-Baltasar Marta Oteo Miguel angel Morcillo MLlanos Casanova Jose CSegovia Manuel Navarro angel Ramirez Molecular Oncology Unit.Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas(CIEMAT)MadridSpain Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre i+12 MadridSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer(CIBERONC) MadridSpain Department of Anatomy Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical SciencesLaboratory of Pathology Phenotyping of Genetically Engineered MiceFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaLugoSpain Biomedical Applications and Pharmacokinetics Unit Centro de Investigaciones EnergéticasMedioambientales y Tecnológicas(CIEMAT)MadridSpain Hematopoietic Innovative Therapies Division.Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas(CIEMAT).Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras(CIBERER)MadridSpain Unidad Mixta de Terapias Avanzadas Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias Fundación Jiménez DíazMadridSpain

Odontogenic tumours are a heterogeneous group of lesions that develop in the oral cavity region and are characterized by the formation of tumoural structures that differentiate as teeth. Due to the diversity of their histopathological characteristics and clinical behaviour, the classification of these tumours is still under debate. Alterations in morphogenesis pathways such as the Hedgehog,MAPK and WNT/β-catenin pathways are implicated in the formation of odontogenic lesions, but the molecular bases of many of these lesions are still unknown. In this study, we used genetically modified mice to study the role of IKKβ(a fundamental regulator of NF-κB activity and many other proteins) in oral epithelial cells and odontogenic tissues. Transgenic mice overexpressing IKKβ in oral epithelial cells show a significant increase in immune cells in both the oral epithelia and oral submucosa. They also show changes in the expression of several proteins and mi RNAs that are important for cancer development. Interestingly, we found that overactivity of IKKβ in oral epithelia and odontogenic tissues, in conjunction with the loss of tumour suppressor proteins(p53, or p16 and p19), leads to the appearance of odontogenic tumours that can be classified as ameloblastic odontomas, sometimes accompanied by foci of secondary ameloblastic carcinomas. These tumours show NF-κB activation and increased β-catenin *** findings may help to elucidate the molecular determinants of odontogenic tumourigenesis and the role of IKKβ in the homoeostasis and tumoural transformation of oral and odontogenic epithelia.

关键词： IKKβ tumour suppressor

Field trapping of the flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） with different traps and volatile lures

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 139-149页

作者： Benjamin Ferstenau Carmen Quero Josep Ma Riba Gloria Rosell angel Guerrero Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelfing IQAC (CSIC) Jordi Girona 18-26 08034 Barcelona Department of AnimalBiology Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Avda. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Department of Pharmacology andTherapeutic Chemistry (Associated to CSIC) Faculty of Pharmacy University of Barcelona Joan XXIII 27-31 08028 Barcelona Spain

The flathead oak borer Coroebus undatus E （Coleoptera： Buprestidae） is one of the primary pests of cork oak Quercus suber L. in the Mediterranean region causing great economic losses to the cork industry. Very little is known about its biology and behavior and, so far, no control measures have been established. We present the results of a pilot study aimed to develop an efficient trapping method for monitoring this harmful pest. In a 3-year field study, purple-colored prism traps baited with a mixture of green leaf volatiles （GLVs） from the host have been shown the most effective combination to catch C. undatus adults （solely females） compared to other trap and lure types tested. Wavelength and reflectance measurements revealed that purple traps exhibit reflectance peak values similar to those found in the abdominal and elytral cuticle of both sexes, suggesting the involvement of visual cues for mate location in this species. The data presented are the first to demonstrate captures of adults of the genus Coroebus by an attractant-based trapping method.

关键词： attractants Buprestidae Coroebus undatus green leafvolatiles monitoring Quercus suber

TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer: a case-control study in the Venezuelan population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6520-6526页

作者： Keila Torres Luis Labrador Elvis Valderrama Miguel angel Chiurillo Laboratorio de Genetica Molecular 'Dr. Jorge Yunis-Turbay' Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado Barquisimeto 3001 Venezuela Postgrado en Ciencias Biologicas Departamento de Biologia Celular Universidad Simon Bolivar Caracas 1081-A Venezuela Departamento de Anatomia Patologia Hospital Antonio Maria Pineda-UCLA Barquisimeto 3001 Venezuela Departamento de Patologia Clinica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas 13083 Sao Paulo Brazil

AIM: To explore the association between TCF7L2 rs12255372 and rs7903146 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gastric cancer risk in Venezuelan ***: We performed a case-control study including 122 paraffin-embedded archived intestinal-type gastric cancer samples and 129 biopsies obtained by superior endoscopy from chronic gastritis patients. Gastric cancer samples were classified according the degree of carcinoma differentiation. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues, and the two SNPs of TCF7L2 gene (rs12255372 and rs7903146) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism reactions. Multiple regression analysis with adjustments for age and gender were performed and best-fitting models of inheritance were determined. Statistic powers were post-hoc ***: After adjusting for age and sex the TCF7L2 rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with gastric cancer risk under the recessive genetic model (OR = 3.11, 95%CI: 1.22-7.92, P = 0.017). We further investigated the distribution of rs12255372 and rs7903146 genotypes according gastric cancer stratified by degree of differentiation, and we observed that carriers of rs7903146 T allele (CT + TT vs CC) had a significantly increased risk of moderate/well differentiated gastric cancer (dominant model, OR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.35-4.80, P = 0.004), whereas the rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with poorly differentiated gastric cancer in the recessive model (OR = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.25-10.62, P = 0.018). We did not find association between rs12255372 SNP and the susceptibility of developing gastric ***: TCF7L2 rs7903146 polymorphism is associated with gastric cancer risk in the Venezuelan population, and could be related to determine the degree of differentiation of tumor cells.

关键词： Gastric cancer Wnt/β -catenin pathway TCF7L2 Single nucleotide polymorphism Genetic susceptibility

High-harmonic generation from spin-polarised defects in solids

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 1583-1591页

作者： M.S.Mrudul Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean angel Rubio Gopal Dixit Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology BombayPowaiMumbai 400076India Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922761 HamburgGermany Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF Departamento de Fisica de MaterialesUniversidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU20018 San SebastiánSpain

The generation of high-order harmonics in gases enabled to probe the attosecond electron dynamics in atoms and molecules with unprecedented *** these techniques to solids,which were originally developed for atomic and molecular gases,requires a fundamental understanding of the physics that has been partially addressed ***,we employ timedependent density-functional theory to investigate how the electron dynamics resulting in high-harmonic emission in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is affected by the presence of *** show how these realistic spin-polarised defects modify the harmonic emission and demonstrate that important differences exist between harmonics from a pristine solid and a defected *** particular,we found that the different spin channels are affected differently by the presence of the spin-polarised point ***,the localisation of the wavefunction,the geometry of the defect,and the electron–electron interaction are all crucial ingredients to describe high-harmonic generation in defected solids.

关键词： harmonic solids harmonics

Host preference of the bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus

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Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 335-341页

作者： Isabel Ribeiro do Valle Teixeira angel Roberto Barchuk Fernando Sergio Zucoloto Department of Biology Centro Universitario da Fundacao Educacional de Guaxupe Minas Gerais Department of Biology Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeirao Preto Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Department of Biological Sciences Universidade Federal de Alfenas UnifaI-MG Alfenas Minas Gerais Brazil

It is largely known that the range of an insect diet is mostly determined by oviposition behavior, mainly in species with endophytic larvae such as Zabrotes subfasciatus. However, the proximate factors determining host choice and the subsequent steps leading to the expansion or reduction of the host number and occasional host shifts are largely unknown. We analyzed various factors determining host preference of Z. subfasciatus through the evaluation of：（i） oviposition preference of a wild population of Z. subfasciatus on the usual host （bean） and unusual hosts （lentil, chickpea and soy）, and the performance of the offspring; （ii） artificial selection for increasing preference for hosts initially less frequently chosen; （iii） comparison of oviposition behavior between two different populations （reared for -30 generations in beans or chickpeas, respectively）; （iv） oviposition timing on usual and unusual hosts; and （v） identification of preference hierarchies. We found that when using unusual hosts, there is no correlation between performance and preference and that the preference hierarchy changes only slightly when the population passes through several generations on the less frequently accepted host. We also found a positive response to artificial selection for increasing oviposition on the less preferred host; however, when the host-choice experiment involved two varieties of the usual host, the response was faster than when the choice involved usual and unusual hosts. Finally, beetles reared on an unusual host （chickpea） for 26 generations showed similar good fitness on both usual and unusual hosts, indicating that the use of a new host does not necessarily result in the loss of performance on the original host. Nevertheless, this population showed lower fitness on the usual host than that of the original population, suggesting an underlying partial trade-off phenomenon which may contribute to a broadening of diet of this insect species.

关键词： artificial selection evolution Phaseolus Cicer plant-insect interaction

Photoelectrochemical CO_(2) electrolyzers: From photoelectrode fabrication to reactor configuration

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 455-480,I0012页

作者： Jose Antonio Abarca Guillermo Díaz-Sainz Ivan Merino-Garcia angel Irabien Jonathan Albo Departamento de Ingenierías Química y Biomolecular Universidad de CantabriaETSIITAvenida de los Castros s/n39005 SantanderSpain

The photoelectrochemical conversion of CO_(2) into value-added products emerges as an attractive approach to alleviate climate change. One of the main challenges in deploying this technology is, however, the development and optimization of(photo)electrodes and photoelectrolyzers. This review focuses on the fabrication processes, structure, and characterization of(photo)electrodes, covering a wide range of fabrication techniques, from rudimentary to automated fabrication processes. The work also highlights the most relevant features of(photo)electrodes, with special emphasis on how to measure and optimize them. Finally, the review analyses the integration of(photo)electrodes in different photoelectrolyzer architectures, analyzing the most recent research work that comprises photocathode, photoanode,photocathode-photoanode, and tandem photoelectrolyzer configurations to ideally achieve self-sustained CO_(2) conversion systems. Overall, comprehensive guidelines are provided for future advancements in developing effective devices for CO_(2) conversion, bridging the gap towards the use of sunlight as the unique energy input and practical applications.

关键词： Decarbonization CO_(2)photoelectroreduction (Photo)Electrodes Fabrication techniques Photoelectrolyzer configuration

Attosecond magnetization dynamics in non-magnetic materials driven by intense femtosecond lasers

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1959-1968页

作者： Ofer Neufeld Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean Umberto De Giovannini Hannes Hübener angel Rubio Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science Hamburg 22761Germany Universitàdegli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica—Emilio SegrèPalermo I-90123Italy Center for Computational Quantum Physics(CCQ) The Flatiron InstituteNew YorkNY 10010USA

Irradiating solids with ultrashort laser pulses is known to initiate femtosecond timescale magnetization ***,sub-femtosecond spin dynamics have not yet been observed or ***,we explore ultrafast light-driven spin dynamics in a highly nonresonant strong-field *** state-of-the-art ab initio calculations,we predict that a nonmagnetic material can transiently transform into a magnetic one via dynamical extremely nonlinear spin-flipping processes,which occur on attosecond timescales and are mediated by cascaded multi-photon and spin–orbit *** are nonperturbative nonresonant analogs to the inverse Faraday effect,allowing the magnetization to evolve in very high harmonics of the laser frequency(*** up to the 42nd,oscillating at~100 attoseconds),and providing control over the speed of magnetization by tuning the laser power and ***,we show that even for linearly polarized driving,where one does not intuitively expect the onset of an induced magnetization,the magnetization transiently oscillates as the system interacts with *** response is enabled by transverse light-driven currents in the solid,and typically occurs on timescales of~500 attoseconds(with the slower femtosecond response suppressed).An experimental setup capable of measuring these dynamics through pump–probe transient absorption spectroscopy is *** results pave the way for attosecond regimes of manipulation of magnetism.

关键词： tuning transient dynamics