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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第4期5卷 290-295页

作者： Caroline Yonaba Aichatou Djibo Chantal Zoungrana angèle kalmogho Ousseine Diallo Patrice Tapsoba Noufounikoun Méda Ludovic Kam Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Type 1 neurofibromatosis is an inherited multisystem neurocutaneous disease predisposing to tumors development. Serious skin and ophthalmologic complications, although rare, can occur throughout life. Furthermore in children, unawareness of early symptoms may delay diagnosis. We report the case of A.T. 8 years old, admitted for exophthalmosis and facial deformity dating back to the age of 2 years. The diagnosis of neurofibromatosis was suspected in the presence of light brown skin spots scattered all over the body and subcutaneous nodules. Ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral exophthalmosis, eyelids neurofibromas, blepharoptosis, Lisch nodules, corneal edema, and optic atrophy. Head CT scan clarified the nature and the extent of ophthalmologic lesions. Treatment was symptomatic. Neurofibromatosis is rarely reported in children in our setting;it is probably under diagnosed. Clinicians should think of this diagnosis in presence of certain specific symptoms and make a clinical assessment.

关键词： Neurofibromatosis Eye Complications Children Burkina Faso

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Revealed by Haemoptysis on a 10-Year-Old Girl at Paediatrics Department of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第1期7卷 13-17页

作者： Chantal Zoungrana Ouattara Caroline Yonaba angèle kalmogho Flore Ouédraogo Chantal Bouda Ousseini Diallo Ludovic Kam Departement de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Departement d’imagerie Médicale et Radiodiagnostic Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso

Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a rather rare disorder in children and difficult to diagnose. It is generally linked to congenital heart defects or connective-tissue diseases. Our case is a 10-year-old girl admitted in the pediatric emergency care unit on January 19th, 2015 for massive haemoptysis and severe anaemia. Examination revealed severe anemia and a silent left lung. The Chest X-Ray revealed an abnormal mass on the upper left side of the mediastinum, and left lower lobe consolidation. The thoracic CT scan highlighted a 64 mm aneurysm of the subisthmic aorta with a thin 5 mm hole. It also showed pseudocoarctation of the aorta. Treatment in intensive care consisted of blood transfusion and iron supplement. She was due to travel abroad for cardio vascular surgery, but died on November 2016. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in our setting was discovered incidentally. In spite the fact that it is an extreme surgical emergency, in Burkina Faso, treatment can only be possible abroad upon medical evacuation.

关键词： Aorta Aneurysm Haemoptysis Coarctation Burkina Faso

Ulcerative Colitis in Infant: A Case Report at the University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第3期6卷 252-255页

作者： angèle kalmogho Abdoulaye Ouattara Chantal Zoungrana Caroline Yonaba Flore Ouédraogo Léonce Ilboudo Laure Toguyeni Ludovic Kam Département de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Hépato Gastro Entérologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de Pédiatrie Médicale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized by acute exacerbations and remissions. We report the clinical case of an infant, an 8 months female baby. The time between disease onset and diagnosis of the disease was 6 months. It was from an unknown etiology. The main clinical picture was weight stagnation, mucoid bloody diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. The macroscopic aspect in anorectoscopy was an erythematous mucosa with healthy beaches intervals. The mucosa was bleeding easily on contact. Pathological examination realized within the various lesions of the association was highly suggestive. The suggested treatment was made of symptomatic, corticosteroids and immunosuppressant’s therapy. Conclusion: Ulcerative colitis is rare in infants and difficult to manage in our tropical context.

关键词： Ulcerative Colitis Infant Pediatric Burkina Faso

Ocular Manifestations among HIV Infected Children in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第2期6卷 185-190页

作者： Caroline Yonaba angèle kalmogho Kongnimissom Apoline Sondo Madi Nacoulma Kigocha Okengo Flore Ouédraogo Chantal Zoungrana Aissata Kabore Fla Koueta Ludovic Kam Département de Pédiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service des Maladies Infectieuses Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Neurology Service Muhimbili National Hospital Dar es Salaam Tanzania Service de Pédiatrie Médicale Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Ocular manifestations among HIV infected children are diverse and global incidence varies from 7% to 75%. At this age, eye lesions are often unnoticed because of the incapacity to express eye discomfort. The purpose of this study is to describe ocular manifestations among HIV-infected children and hence associated factors in the Department of Paediatrics at the Yalgado Ouédraogo Teaching Hospital. This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study conducted between July 2014 and December 2014. A complete ophthalmic examination was systematically done to all HIV-positive children attending the clinic, as part of their routine medical visit. The most recent socio-demographic, clinical, biological and treatment data were registered. Seventy-nine children had an ocular examination and among them 92.4% were on ARV treatment. The incidence of ocular manifestations was 46.7%. Median age was 8 years old (interquartile 6 - 12 years old). Sex ratio was 1.3. The risk of ocular manifestations involvement among boys was twice than that of girls. More than half (59.5%) of children who had ocular problems had not expressed ocular discomfort. Ocular adnexal lesions were more common (35.4%) compared to eye segments (8.9%) lesions. Anterior segment and posterior segment lesions were statistically associated with immune system depression (p = 0.003 and 0.001). However, this relationship was not statistically significant (p = 0.15). Five out of seven children who had eye fundus lesions had CD4 count 3. Ocular manifestations were very common among HIV infected children in our context. Ophthalmic examination should be systematic at admission and regularly repeated during follow-up.

关键词： Paediatric HIV Ocular Manifestations Ouagadougou

The Destombes-Rosai-Dorfman Disease or Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy: A Rare Case Described in the Paediatrics Department of Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期7卷 345-352页

作者： Chantal Zoungrana-Ouattara Flore Ouédraogo Laure Toguyéni angèle kalmogho Caroline Yonaba Chantal Gabrielle Bouda Rolande Kaboré Fla Kouéta Département de pédiatrie du CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (UFR/SDS) Université de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Service de pédiatrie médicale du CHU Charles de Gaulle de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Destombes-Rosai-Dorfman’ disease (DRD) is an inflammatory non-langerhansian histiocytosis with adenomegaly. It is a rare histiocytic disorder worldwide, less than 1000 reported cases. It is of unknown etiology and is characterized in its classical form by multiple adenomegalia, especially localized at cervical area, but also at mediastinal, axillary and inguinal areas. It is a benign condition, even if it is deforming, with spontaneously resolving evolution. We report a case of DRD disease in a 13-year-old girl, hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center in Ouagadougou, in March 2015. She was admitted for a voluminous bilateral painless cervical swelling, with no sign of local compression, having been operating for about a year. Biological tests showed signs of chronic inflammation;the imagery specified the benign character of these formations: adenomegalia. Confirmation of the diagnosis was made by pathological examination, describing the aspect of emperipolesis to histology and, immunohistochemistry, polytypic plasmacytosis and PS100 positive/CD1a histiocytosis negative. The treatment could not be properly carried out, in view of the early discharge, against medical advice from the patient. The evolution would have been marked, according to the parents, by a slight involution of swelling.

关键词： Destombes-Rosai-Dorfman Disease Emperipolesis Immunohistochemistry Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital

Ionic Disorders Observed in Infants with Severe Wasting at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital and the Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2023年第6期13卷 247-255页

作者： Arnaud Kouraogo Fabienne Soudre Caroline Yonaba Okengo Faouziatou Yagui angele kalmogho Ghislaine Yameogo Alice Kiba Raoul Karfo Ollo Da Emmanuel Zongo Cherileila Thiombiano Fatou Gueye Tall Abdoul Salam Ouédraogo Sanata Bamba Georges Anicet Ouédraogo Elie Kabré Fla Koueta Jean Sakande Biochemistry Laboratory of Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital Nazi Boni University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Health Sciences Training and Research Unit Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Dentistry Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: A higher risk of death is associated with wasting in children if it is not treated properly. The objective of this study was to investigate the ionic disorders observed in infants suffering from severe wasting at Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital (YO-TH) and at Charles de Gaulle Pediatric Teaching Hospital (CDG-PTH) in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Methods: This was a retrospective study with a descriptive and analytical aim over the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020. Results: It concerned infants aged 6 to 24 months hospitalized at YO-TH and at CDG-PTH from Ouagadougou. We included 271 infants. The mean age of the infants was 14.48 ± 5.44 months with 42.07% which was in the age range of [12 - 18] months. On admission to the hospital, the children had an average weight, height and BMI of 6.22 ± 1.32 kg, 0.73 ± 0.07 m and 11.67 ± 1.53 kg/m2. In urban areas 56.46% of children and the main reasons for consultation were fever (88.19%), vomiting (52.80%) and diarrhea (50.20%). Electrolyte disturbances in emaciated infants affected all 8 parameters of the blood ionogram. However, the major disorders were 65.68% hyponatremia, 55.35% hypobicarbonatemia, 41.33% hypoprotidemia and 32.47% hypokalemia in infants aged 6 to 24 months. We found an association between diarrhea and residence with hypokalemia (p = 0.0000) and hypochloremia (p = 0.010), respectively. Conclusion: Severe acute wasting in infants 6 to 24 months of age remains a concern in the hospital setting. The frequency of biochemical disturbances is also high.

关键词： Severe Wasting Emaciation Infants over 6 - 24 Months Blood Ionogram Burkina Faso

Lipodystrophy among Children Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and on Antiretroviral Treatment in Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2015年第3期5卷 199-206页

作者： Caroline Yonaba Aissata Ouedraogo Sylvie Armelle Pingwende Ouedraogo Bourama Ouattara angel kalmogho Fla Koueta Diarra Ye Ludovic Kam Department of Pediatric Yalgado Ouedraogo University Teaching HospitalOuagadougouBurkina Faso Department of Pediatric Charles de Gaulle Pediatric University Teaching HospitalOuagadougouBurkina Faso

Management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection remains a major challenge in many sub-Saharan African countries. Antiretroviral drugs which have reduced significantly the mortality rate of this pandemic disease are a source of side effects. Among these side effects, adult lipodystrophy has already been described by several authors. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of lipodystrophy and associate factors in children on antiretroviral therapy, managed at Charles De Gaulle Children University Hospital and Yalgado Ouedrago University Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from June 2013 to January 2014. We included children aged 2 to 15 years who had been on antiretroviral treatment for at least six months with no severe acute malnutrition (wasting). Lipodystrophy was diagnosed clinically after assessment of morphological changes. Overall, 323 children complying with the inclusion criteria were examined. The average duration of antiretroviral therapy was 5.3 years. Forty five children had lipodystrophy, i.e. 13.9% prevalence rate. One hundred and twenty seven different lipodystrophic lesions were noted, hence 82.7% lipoatrophy and 17.3% lipohypertrophy. The most common presentations were: face (32%), lower limbs (26%) and upper limbs (15.7%). Factors associated with lipoatrophy were: age above 10 years (P = 0.004);male gender (P = 0.0004);antiretroviral treatment duration of more than 60 months (P les of these children are necessary to prevent other common complications related to fat accumulation.

关键词： HIV Children Lipodystrophy Burkina-Faso

Deadly Envenomation by Massive Bee Stings in a 7-Year Old Child in Ouagadougou

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期7卷 289-293页

作者： F. Ouédraogo C. Yonaba A. kalmogho C. Zoungrana C. Bouda O. Sawadogo M. Delma F. Koueta L. Kam Department of Pediatrics Unit for Training and Research in Health Sciences (UFR/SDS) University Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Center Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO) in Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: We are reporting a deadly case of massive bee stings observed in a 7-year-old child in Ouagadougou. Observation: The first symptoms, which appeared two hours after the stings of about 200 bees, motivated a consultation in a nearby dispensary in which the child received intravenous betamethasone before being referred to the University Hospital Center Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO). Seven hours after the accident, a rapid deterioration in the general condition was noted with hemorrhage, respiratory distress, coma, and shock. A grade 3 anaphylaxis was diagnosed. The patient didn’t survive despite of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation using adrenaline in intensive care. Conclusion: The massive bee stings have caused a severe biphasic anaphylactic reaction which could not be reversed by the adrenaline administered in the second phase. The development of a protocol would contribute to a better management of the cases.

关键词： Envenomation Massive Stings Bees Ouagadougou