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Silk-based ner.e guidance conduits with macr.scopic holes modulate the vascular.zation of r.gener.ting r.t sciatic ner.e

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Car.na Hr.mada Patr.ck Heimel Mar.us Ker.l LászlóGál Sylvia Nür.ber.er.Bar.ar. Schaedl James Fer.uson Nicole Swiadek xavier Monfor.e Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógr.di Andr.as H.Teuschl-Woller.David Her.her Depar.ment Life Science Engineer.ng University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austr.an Cluster.for.Tissue r.gener.tion ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for.Tr.umatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria Univer.ity Clinic of Dentistr. Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Depar.ment of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Depar.ment of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical Univer.ity of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Depar.ment of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Per.pher.l ner.e injur.es induce a sever. motor.and sensor. deficit. Since the availability of autologous ner.e tr.nsplants for.ner.e r.pair.is ver. limited, alter.ative tr.atment str.tegies ar. sought, including the use of tubular.ner.e guidance conduits(tNGCs). However. the use of tNGCs r.sults in poor.functional r.cover. and centr.l necr.sis of the r.gener.ting tissue, which limits their.application to shor. ner.e lesion defects(typically shor.er.than 3 cm). Given the impor.ance of vascular.zation in ner.e r.gener.tion, we hypothesized that enabling the gr.wth of blood vessels fr.m the sur.ounding tissue into the r.gener.ting ner.e within the tNGC would help eliminate necr.tic pr.cesses and lead to impr.ved r.gener.tion. In this study, we r.por.ed the application of macr.scopic holes into the tubular.walls of silk-based tNGCs and compar.d the var.ous featur.s of these impr.ved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous ner.e tr.nsplants in an 8-mm sciatic ner.e defect in r.ts. Using a combination of micr.-computed tomogr.phy and histological analyses, we wer. able to pr.ve that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the gr.wth of blood vessels fr.m the adjacent tissue to the intr.luminal neovascular.for.ation. A significantly higher.number.of blood vessels in the silk^(+) gr.up was found compar.d with autologous ner.e tr.nsplants and silk^(–), accompanied by impr.ved axon r.gener.tion at the distal coaptation point compar.d with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoper.tively. In the 15-mm(cr.tical size) sciatic ner.e defect model, we again obser.ed a distinct ingr.wth of blood vessels thr.ugh the tubular.walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without impr.ved functional r.cover. at 12 weeks postoper.tively. Our.data pr.ves that macr.por.us tNGCs incr.ase the vascular.supply of r.gener.ting ner.es and facilitate impr.ved axonal r.gener.tion in a shor.-defect model but not in a cr.tical-size defect model. This study suggests that fur.her.optimizatio

关键词： axon r.gener.tion blood vessel functional r.cover. macr.por.us ner.e lesion per.pher.l ner.e r.pair sciatic ner.e silk-based ner.e guidance conduit vascular.zation

CONVEr.ENCE OF NUMEr.CAL SCHEMES FOr.A CONSEr.ATION EQUATION WITH CONVECTION AND DEGENEr.TE DIFFUSION

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Jour.al of Computational Mathematics 2021年第3期39卷 428-452页

作者： r.Eymar. C.Guichar. xavier Lhebr.r. Univer.ite Gustave Eiffel Laboratoire d'nalyse et de Mathematiques Appliquees(UMR 8050)UGEUPECCNRSF-77454Mame-la-ValleeFrance Sor.onne Univer.ite Universite Paris-Diderot SPCCNRSInriaLaboratoire Jacques-Louis Lionsequipe ANGEF-75005 Paris Ecole Nor.ale Super.eur. de r.nnes France

The appr.ximation of pr.blems with linear.convection and degener.te nonlinear.difFusion,which ar.se in the fr.mewor. of the tr.nspor. of ener.y in por.us media with ther.odynamic tr.nsitions,is done usingθ-scheme based on the centr.d gr.dient discr.tisation *** conver.ence of the numer.cal scheme is pr.ved,although the test functions which can be chosen ar. r.str.cted by the weak r.gular.ty hypotheses on the convection field,owing to the application of a discr.te Gr.nwall lemma and a gener.l r.sult for.the time tr.nslate in the gr.dient discr.tisation *** numer.cal examples,using both the Contr.l Volume Finite Element method and the Ver.ex Appr.ximate Gr.dient scheme,show the r.le ofθfor.stabilising the scheme.

关键词： Linear.convection Degener.te diffusion Gr.dient discr.tisation method θ-scheme

Influence of sur.ace modified mixed metal oxide nanopar.icles on the electr.chemical and mechanical pr.per.ies of polyur.thane matr.x

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Fr.ntier. of Chemical Science and Engineer.ng 2023年第1期17卷 1-14页

作者： Joseph r.j xavier Depar.ment of Chemistr. Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai-602105India

Newly synthesized functional nanopar.icles,3-amino-1,2,4-tr.azole(ATA)/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)wer. intr.duced to the polyur.thane(PU)*** techniques wer. used to investigate the bar.ier.pr.per.ies of the synthesized PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite coated steel *** natur.l seawater.electr.chemical impedance spectr.scopy exper.ments indicated outstanding pr.tective behaviour.for.the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coated *** coating r.sistance(r.oat)of PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)was deter.ined to be 2956.90 kΩ·cm^(−2).The r.oat of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite coating was found to be over.50%higher.than the PU *** cur.ent measur.d along the scr.tched sur.ace of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coating was found to be ver. low(1.65 nA).The enhanced ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanopar.icles inhibited the entr. of electr.lytes into the coating inter.ace,as r.vealed by scanning electr.n micr.scopy/ener.y disper.ive X-r.y spectr.scopy and X-r.y diffr.ction analysis of the degr.dation *** contact angle testing validated the hydr.phobic natur. of the PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)coating(θ=115.4°).When the concentr.tion of ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanopar.icles was 2 wt%,dynamic mechanical analysis r.vealed better.mechanical ***,the newly synthesised PU—ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanocomposite pr.vided excellent bar.ier.and mechanical pr.per.ies due to the addition of ATA/SiO_(2)—TiO_(2)nanopar.icles to the polyur.thane,which inhibited mater.al degr.dation and aided in the pr.longation of the coated steel’s life.

关键词： SiO_(2)/TiO_(2)nanopar.icle nanocomposite coatings dynamic mechanical analysis electr.chemical techniques cor.osion colloids and inter.aces

Deter.ining indoor.air.quality and identifying the or.gin of odour.episodes in indoor.envir.nments

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 333-339页

作者： Eva Gallego xavier r.ca Jose Fr.ncisco Per.les xavier Guar.ino Envir.nmental Centr. Labor.tor. Polytechnic University of Catalonia (LCMA-UPC) Avda Diagonal 647 E 08028 Barcelona Spain National Centr. of Wor. Conditions (INSHT) Dulcet 2-10 E 08034 Barcelona Spain

A methodology for.identifying volatile or.anic compounds （VOCs） and deter.ining air.quality of indoor.air.has been developed. The air.samples ar. collected using pump sampler. by the inhabitants when they per.eive odor.us and/or.discomfor. episodes. Glass multi-sor.ent tubes ar. connected to the pump sampler. for.the r.tention of VOC. The analysis is per.or.ed by automatic ther.al desor.tion （ATD） coupled with gas chr.matogr.phy-mass spectr.metr. （GC/MS）. This methodology can be applied in cases of sick building syndr.me （SBS） evaluation, in which building occupants exper.ence a ser.es of var.ed symptoms that appear.to be linked to time spent in the building. Chemical pollutants concentr.tions （e.g., VOC） have been descr.bed to contr.bute to SBS. To exemplify the methodology, a qualitative deter.ination and an evaluation of existing VOC wer. per.or.ed in a dwelling wher. the occupants exper.enced the SBS symptoms. Higher.total VOC （TVOC） levels wer. detected dur.ng episodes in indoor.air.（1.33 ±1.53 mg/m^3） compar.d to outdoor.air.（0.71± 0.46 mg/m^3）. The concentr.tions of individual VOCs, such as ethanol, acetone, isopr.panol, 1-butanol, acetic acid, acetonitr.le and 1-methoxy-2-pr.panol, wer. also higher.than the expected for.a standar. dwelling. The exter.al sour.e of VOC was found to be an undeclar.d activity of stor.ge and manipulation of solvents located at the bottom of a contiguous building.

关键词： indoor.air ther.al desor.tion TVOC VOC sick building syndr.me

Isoper.metr.c,Sobolev,and Eigenvalue Inequalities via the Alexandr.ff-Bakelman-Pucci Method:A Sur.ey

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Ser.es B 2017年第1期38卷 201-214页

作者： xavier CABr. Univer.itat Politecnica de Catalunya Departament de MatemktiquesDiagonal 64708028 BarcelonaSpain ICr.A Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain.

This paper.pr.sents the pr.of of sever.l inequalities by using the technique intr.duced by Alexandr.ff, Bakelman, and Pucci to establish their.ABP estimate. Fir.t,the author.gives a new and simple pr.of of a lower.bound of Ber.stycki, Nir.nber., and Var.dhan concer.ing the pr.ncipal eigenvalue of an elliptic oper.tor.with bounded measur.ble coefficients. The r.st of the paper.is a sur.ey on the pr.ofs of sever.l isoper.metr.c and Sobolev inequalities using the ABP technique. This includes new pr.ofs of the classical isoper.metr.c inequality, the Wulff isoper.metr.c inequality, and the Lions-Pacella isoper.metr.c inequality in convex cones. For.this last inequality, the new pr.of was r.cently found by the author. xavier r.s-Oton, and Joaquim Ser.a in a wor. wher. new Sobolev inequalities with weights came up by studying an open question r.ised by Haim Br.zis.

关键词： Isoper.metr.c inequalities Pr.ncipal eigenvalue Wulff shapes ABP estimate

Per.or.ance Back-deduction fr.m a Loading to Flow Coefficient Map:Application to r.dial Tur.ine

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Jour.al of Ther.al Science 2012年第6期21卷 509-517页

作者： xavier CAr.ONNEAU Nicolas BINDEr Univer.ité de Toulouse Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace(ISAE)10avenue Edouard Belin BP 54032 31400 ToulouseFrance

r.dial tur.ine stages ar. often used for.applications r.quir.ng off-design oper.tion,as tur.ochar.ing for.*** off-design ability of such stages is commonly analyzed thr.ugh the tr.ditional tur.ine map,plotting the r.duced mass-flow against the pr.ssur.-r.tio,for.r.duced-speed ***,some alter.atives ar. possible,such as the flow-coefficient(Ψ)to loading-coefficient(φ)diagr.m wher. the pr.ssur.-r.tio lines ar. actually str.ight lines,ver. convenient pr.per.y to per.or. pr.diction.A r.bust method r.-cr.ating this map fr.m a pr.dicted Ψ-φ diagr.m is *** wor. has shown that this back-deduction quality,without the use of any loss models,depends on the knowledge of an inter.ediate pr.ssur.-r.tio.A modelization of this par.meter.is then *** compar.son with both exper.mental and CFD r.sults is pr.sented,with quite good agr.ement for.mass flow r.te and r.tational speed,and for.the inter.ediate pr.ssur. *** last par. of the paper.is dedicated to the application of the inter.ediate pr.ssur.-r.tio knowledge to the impr.vement of the deduction of the pr.ssur. r.tio lines in the Ψ-φ *** this impr.vement,the back-deduction method of the classical map is str.ctur.d,applied and evaluated.

关键词： r.dial tur.ine off-design flow coefficient load coefficient per.or.ance

WTr.A r.putation Metr.c for.Distr.buted Hash Tables Based on a r.sk and Cr.dibility Factor

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Jour.al of Computer.Science & Technology 2009年第5期24卷 844-854页

作者： xavier Bonnair. Er.ka r.sas Depar.amento de Infor.atica Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa MariaValparaisoChile Labor.toir. d'Infor.atique de Par.s 6 Universite Pierre et Marie CurieCNRS UMR 7606 INRIA REGALParisFrance

The gr.wing number.of popular.peer.to peer.applications dur.ng the last five year. has implied for.r.sear.her. to focus on how to build tr.st in such ver. lar.e scale distr.buted systems. r.putation systems have shown to be a ver. good solution to build tr.st in pr.sence of malicious nodes. We pr.pose in this paper.a new metr.c for.r.putation systems on top of a Distr.buted Hash Table that uses a notion of r.sk to make the applications awar. of cer.ain behaviour. of malicious nodes. We show that our.metr.c is able to significantly r.duce the number.of malicious tr.nsactions, and that it also pr.vides ver. str.ng r.sistance to sever.l tr.ditional attacks of r.putations systems. We also show that our.solution can easily scale, and can be adapted to var.ous Distr.buted Hash Tables.

关键词： peer.to peer r.putation system r.sk evaluation

Natur.l enemies depend on r.mnant habitat size in agr.cultur.l landscapes

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Jour.al of For.str. r.sear.h 2015年第2期26卷 469-477页

作者： Mainar. xavier Jor.ani er.ca Hasui Vinicius xavier da Silva Labor.tor.o de Ecologia Animal Departamento de Zoologia e BotanicaUniversidade Estadual Paulista-UNESPRua Cristovao Colombo2265Jardim NazarethSao Jose Do Rio PretoSP CEP 15054-000Brazil Labor.tor.o de Ecologia de Fr.gmentos do Sul de Minas Ger.is-ECOFr.G Instituto Ciencias da NaturezaUniversidade Federal de Alfenas-UNIFAL–MGRua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva700CentroAlfenasMG CEP 37130-000Brazil

In r.cent decades,the consequences of habitat fr.gmentation have been of gr.wing concer.,because it is par.icular.y impor.ant to under.tand how fr.gmentation may affect biodiver.ity,an ecological *** tested two hypotheses：（1） that natur.l fr.gment size in agr.cultur.l landscapes indir.ctly affects the her.ivor. thr.ugh effects on natur.l pr.dator.populations;and（2） pr.dator.activity into the cr.p r.duces along the distance fr.m the natur.l fr.gment *** 2008 and 2009,we conducted our.study in seven for.st r.mnants and in sur.ounding coffee plantations（fr.gments r.nged fr.m 6 to 105 ha,mean 49.28 ± 36.60 ha） in Souther. Minas Ger.is,*** wer. sampled by point counts,and insect pr.dation was evaluated by using an ar.ificial insect model（Koh and Menge 2006）.Our.r.sults suggest that although ther. wer. many potential pr.dator.（e.g.,wasps,ants,bir.s,and mammals）,bir.s wer. the most impor.ant taxon *** covar.ance analysis suppor.ed the hypothesis that patch size affected the number.of lar.ae pr.dation by over.ll taxi,but ther. was no suppor. for.a distance *** findings suggest that natur.l enemies’ ecological ser.ice（mainly fr.m bir.s） declined with r.mnant r.duction,which has implications not only for.human welfar.,but also in str.ngthening the economic justifications for.conser.ing the r.maining natur.l habitats and biodiver.ity in agr.cultur.l landscapes.

关键词： Ecosystem ser.ice Fr.gmentation Isolation Insectivor. Pr.dation

The application of extended modified Lamber. Beer.model for.measur.ment of blood car.oxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin satur.tion

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Jour.al of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第3期7卷 108-114页

作者： Audr.y Huong xavier Ngu Depar.ment.of Electr.nic Engineer.ng Faculty of Electr.cal and Electr.nic Engineer.ng Uiniver.ity Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat 86400 JohorMalaysia Depar.ment of Communication Engineer.ng Faculty of Electr.cal and Electr.nic Engineer.ng Univer.ity Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Batu Pahat 86400 JohorMalaysia

This wor. pr.sents the use of extended Modified Lamber. Beer.MLB)model for.accur.te andcontinuous monitor.ng of per.ent blood car.oxyhemoglobin(COHb)(SCO)and oxyhemoglobin(OxyHb)satur.tion(SO,)via a fitting *** quantification technique is based on theabsor.tion char.cter.stics of hemoglobin der.vatives in the wavelength r.nge of 520-600 nm togive the best estimates of the r.quir.d par.meter..A compar.son of the per.or.ance of the developed model and MILB law is made using attenuation data fr.m Monte Car.o simulations for.a two-layer.d skin *** r.sults r.vealed a lower.mean absolute er.or.of 0.4%in the valuesestimated by the developed model as compar.d to 10%that is given by the MILB *** studyshowed that the discussed appr.ach is able to pr.vide consistent and accur.te measur.ment ofblood SO,and SCO acr.ss difer.nt skin pigmen tations suggesting that it may potentially be usedas an alter.ative means for.clinical diagnosis of car.on monoxide(CO)poisoning.

关键词： Blood car.oxyhemoglobin satur.tion car.on monoxide poisoning blood oxyhemoglobin satur.tion modified Lamber. Beer.law