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Calculation of reservoir capacity loss due to sediment deposition in the muela reservoir,Northern Lesotho

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2017年第2期5卷 130-140页

作者： Liphapang Khaba James andrew Griffiths Water and Environmental Engineering School of the Built EnvironmentLerotholi PolytechnicMoshoeshoe RoadP.O.Box 16Maseru 100Lesotho Department of Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Ningbo China199 Taikang East RoadNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina

Bathymetry survey records of the muela Reservoir in norther Lesotho were obtained from the Lesotho Highlands Development Authority(LHDA)with the aim of identifying reservoir storage apacity loss due to sediment deposition,between 1985 and *** this purpose,data from eight surveys completed between 1985 and January 2015 were analyzed to quantify bathymetric change between each *** interpolation methods(inverse distance weighting Kriging,natural neighbor,and spline),were used to create digital terrain models from each survey *** addition,a triangulated irregular network(TIN)surface was created from each *** average reservoir storage capacity loss of 15,400 m^(3)/year was determined across the whole per iod between 1985 and early 2015,based on *** the results indicate high inter-annual variability in the rate of reservoir capacity reduction,consideration of errors in the surveying and reservoir volumetric calculation methods suggest that rates of reservoir volume reduction can vary between 11,400 m/year and 18,200 m/year.

关键词： Reservoir Bathymetry Sedimentation Lesotho

A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 435-441页

作者： Abdul R Hakeem Caroline S Verbeke Alison Cairns Amer Aldouri andrew m Smith Krishna V menon Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom Division of Pathology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Histopathology St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom

BACKGROUND： Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy（LPD）is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy（OPD）.mETHODS： Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs（9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors）were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index（BmI） and American Society of Anesthesiologists（ASA） score and tumor ***： mean tumor size LPD vs OPD（19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870）. R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD（P=1.000）. The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1（P=0.140）and 20.7 vs 18.5（P=0.534） respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II（5 vs 8）, III/IV（2 vs 6） and pancreatic leak（2 vs 1）were statistically not significant（LPD vs OPD）. The mean high dependency unit（HDU） stay was longer in OPD（3.7 vs 1.4 days,P〈0.001）. There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD（logrank,P=0.983）. Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6（log-rank, P=0.283） and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs *** was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD ***： Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome.

关键词： pancreaticoduodenectomy minimally invasive laparoscopic open oncological outcomes resection margins pathology

Refractory very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease associated with cytosolic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第15期26卷 1841-1846页

作者： andrew Fagbemi William G Newman Stuart G Tangye Stephen m Hughes Edmund Cheesman Peter D Arkwright Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology Royal Manchester Children’s HospitalManchester M199WLUnited Kingdom Department of medical Genetics Manchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Evolution and Genomic Sciences University of ManchesterManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Garvan Institute of medical Research DarlinghurstNSW 2010Australia St Vincent’s Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUNSW AustraliaSydneyNSW 2010Australia Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology Royal Manchester Children’s HospitalManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Department of Paediatric Histopathology St Mary’s HospitalManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of ManchesterManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases/ligases(ARSs)are highly conserved enzymes involved in attaching amino acids to tRNA promoting protein *** deficiencies of ARSs localized to the mitochondria classically present with neuropathology,the clinical features of cytosolic ARS deficiencies are more *** have previously been associated with neonatal hepatitis,but never with early-onset inflammatory bowel *** SUmmARY A nine-year-old Bangladeshi boy presented with neonatal liver failure and deranged clotting,transaminitis and *** parents were first *** older brothers and a sister were *** patient suffered from loose stools from early infancy which became more troublesome and persistent from five years old with ten bloody motions a *** endoscopies showed persistent pancolitis,which was refractory to mesalazine,corticosteroids,azathioprine,sirolimus and anti-TNF(adalimumab)therapy,but has improved recently with subcutaneous *** Genome Sequencing revealed a novel pathogenic missense variant(c.290A>G)in the cytosolic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene,leading to an amino acid substitution(***97Gly).Pathogenic variants in other genes associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)(ADAm17,EGFR,FOXP3,IL10RA,IL10RB,IL21R,NCF4,STAT3)were *** assays demonstrated markedly elevated IL-2,IL-5,IL-13,IL-9 and IL-10 by the patient’s CD4+T-cells,while IL-17A,IL-17F,IFNβwere lower,and TNFαnot significantly different when compared to healthy *** This case report provides evidence that recessive mutations in cytosolic isoleucyltRNA synthetase are a novel monogenic cause of IBD,which should be considered,particularly in infants and children with a history of neonatal hepatitis and very early-onset IBD poorly responsive to treatment.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Hepatitis Gene Cytosolic isoleucine tRNA synthase

On the Fully Implicit Solution of a Phase-Field model for Binary Alloy Solidification in Three Dimensions

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Advances in Applied mathematics and mechanics 2012年第6期4卷 665-684页

作者： Christopher E.Goodyer Peter K.Jimack andrew m.mullis Hongbiao Dong Yu Xie School of Computing University of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeedsLS29JTUK School of Process Environmental and Materials EngineeringUniversity of LeedsWoodhouse LaneLeedsLS29JTUK Department of Engineering University of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK

A fully implicit numerical method,based upon a combination of adaptively refined hierarchical meshes and geometric multigrid,is presented for the simulation of binary alloy solidification in three space *** computational techniques are presented for a particular mathematical model,based upon the phase-field approach,however their applicability is of greater generality than for the specific phase-field model used *** particular,an implicit second order time discretization is combined with the use of second order spatial differences to yield a large nonlinear system of algebraic equations as each time *** is demonstrated that these equations may be solved reliably and efficiently through the use of a nonlinear multigrid scheme for locally refined *** effect this paper presents an extension of earlier research in two space dimensions(***.,225(2007),pp.1271–1287)to fully three-dimensional *** extension is validated against earlier two-dimensional results and against some of the limited results available in three dimensions,obtained using an explicit *** efficiency of the implicit approach and the multigrid solver are then demonstrated and some sample computational results for the simulation of the growth of dendrite structures are presented.

关键词： Phase-field simulations binary alloys mesh adaptivity implicit methods nonlinear multigrid

Confidence estimation in the prediction of epithermal neutron resonance self-shielding factors in irradiation samples using an ensemble neural network

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第1期7卷 101-119页

作者： Ian m.Wilkinson Ritwik R.Bhattacharjee Jenifer C.Shafer andrew G.Osborne Nuclear Science&Engineering The Colorado School of Mines101214th St.GoldenCO80401USA Department of Chemistry The Colorado School of Mines101214th St.GoldenCO80401USA Department of mechanical Engineering The Colorado School of Mines1610 Illinois St.GoldenCO80401USA

Large neutron absorption resonances in the nuclides present in irradiation samples reduce the irradiating neutron flux at energies close to a *** neutron activation analysis of optically thick samples with resonant isotopes,this self-shielding effect can be significant,and must be accounted for to ensure accurate *** we show that an ensemble artificial neural network can be used to accurately predict the epithermal selfshielding factors in wires composed of up to 57 ***,the neural network can account for resonance interference that affects the self-shielding in samples containing nuclides with large overlapping *** use monte Carlo simulations of sample wires irradiated in a thermal neutron spectrum to create the data for training the neural network and validate its predictions.A Gaussian negative log likelihood loss function is combined with the ensemble to estimate the confidence in the predicted self-shielding factors when ground-truth data are unavailable.

关键词： Neutron activation analysis Epithermal self-shielding Neural Networks

modified thin manual Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty with air-guided, non-pachymetric donor lenticule dissection: outcomes of graft thickness and complication rate

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第2期13卷 342-345页

作者： Abdo Karim Tourkmani andrew m J Turnbull Parwez N Hossain Aristides Konstantopoulos David F Anderson Cornea and External Eye Disease Service Department of OphthalmologyUniversity Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK.

●AIm:To describe a modified technique of donor lenticule dissection for thin manual Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty(Tm-DSEK).●mETHODS:Donor material was soaked in balanced salt solution(BSS)for 30 min,before being mounted on an artificial anterior chamber(AAC).Rather than BSS,the AAC was filled with filtered air,resulting in a visible reflection at the corneal endothelium-air *** reflection served as a landmark for the depth of the dissection,facilitating the creation of a thin lenticule with low risk of *** was commenced at a standardized depth of 500 microns,with no initial pachymetry *** 29 donor corneas were dissected by a novice Tm-DSEK *** time,central graft thickness at 2 mo and complications were analysed.●RESULTS:Results were similar to other endothelial keratoplasty techniques,despite the cases being performed by a novice DSEK *** dissection time was 7 min(range 6-10).One graft perforation occurred(3.45%),but the air tamponaded the break and enabled dissection to be restarted and completed from a different *** central graft thickness after at least two months follow-up was 106 microns(range 25-170).●CONCLUSION:A problem with manual DSEK is the risk of graft perforation by attempting to dissect too thin a lenticule,or creating a thick graft due to fear of *** modified air-guided technique addresses this problem,and is recommended for surgeons either embarking on the learning curve,or who wish to achieve more consistently thin grafts while reducing perforation rates.

关键词： Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty manual donor lenticule dissection graft thickness

Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) social distancing mandates on trauma survivors

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Global Health Journal 2022年第3期6卷 174-179页

作者： maggie m.Parker Stephanie F.Dailey ADiona Emmanuel andrew Campbell Graduate School of Education and Human Development George Washington UniversityWashington D.C.20052USA College of Education and Human Development George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Psychology and Counseling Department Hood CollegeFrederickMD 21701USA

Objective:Despite recognition that coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic created an unprecedented impact on global mental health,information on the psychological health among trauma survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic is *** sought to examine psychological outcomes among individuals with preexisting traumatic experiences during ***:We sampled 1242 adults in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States under a state-issued Phase 1 stay-at-home mandate to examine associations between pre-pandemic trauma exposure as measured by the Brief Trauma Questionnaire(BTQ)and anxiety and depression,as measured by the Patient Reported Outcome Scale Anxiety and Depression(PROmIS-A and PROmIS-D).Results:Pre-pandemic trauma exposure among the sample was reported,with 281(22.6%)participants identifying as experiencing one trauma,209(16.8%)reporting two,and 468(37.7%)reporting three or *** reported experiences of trauma increased,so did participant anxiety and depressive ***-way Analysis of Variance indicated that reported trauma was significantly positively correlated with anxiety(Pmptomatology(Pmmense psychological toll of the COVID-19 pandemic,specifically with individuals who were previously exposed to *** health officials can encourage physicians,employers,and universities to screen patients,employees,and students to assess previous trauma,psychological functioning,and risk *** between physicians and mental health providers including psychiatrists,psychologists,counselors,and social workers to provide evidence informed rapid coordination of care can better meet the global mental health crisis that is arising as a result of this unprecedented global trauma.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Trauma Risk factors Psychological distress mental health

Critical analysis of feeding jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第2期9卷 53-60页

作者： andrew m Blakely Saad Ajmal Rachel E Sargent Thomas T Ng Thomas J miner Department of Surgery Rhode Island HospitalProvidence Warren Alpert medical School of Brown University Providence

AIm To assess nutritional recovery,particularly regarding feeding jejunostomy tube(FJT)utilization,following upper gastrointestinal resection for malignancy. mETHODS A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively-maintained database of adult patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy(subtotal or total)for cancer with curative intent,from January 2001 to June 2014. Patient demographics,the approach to esophagectomy,the extent of gastrectomy,FJT placement and utilization at discharge,administration of parenteral nutrition(PN),and complications were evaluated. All patients were followed for at least ninety days or until *** The 287 patients underwent upper GI resection,comprised of 182 esophagectomy(n=107 transhiatal,58.7%; n=56 Ivor-Lewis,30.7%)and 105 gastrectomy [n=63 subtotal(SG),60.0%; n=42 total(TG),40.0%]. 181 of 182 esophagectomy patients underwent FJT,compared with 47 of 105 gastrectomy patients(99.5% vs 44.8%,P m most had undergone TG(n=39,92.9% vs n=8 SG,12.9%,P median length of stay was similar between esophagectomy and gastrectomy groups(14.7 d vs 17.1 d,P=0.076). Upon discharge,87 esophagectomy patients(48.1%)were taking enteral feeds,with 53(29.3%)fully and 34(18.8%)partially dependent. meanwhile,20 of 39 TG patients(51.3%)were either fully(n=3,7.7%)or partially(n=17,43.6%)dependent on tube feeds,compared with 5 of 8 SG patients(10.6%),all of whom were partially dependent. Gastrectomy patients were significantly less likely to be fully dependent on tube feeds at discharge compared to esophagectomy patients(6.4% vs 29.3%,P=0.0006). PN was administered despite FJT placement more often following gastrectomy than esophagectomy(n=11,23.4% vs n=7,3.9%,P=0.0001). FJT-specific complications requiring reoperation within 30 d of resection occurred more commonly in the gastrectomy group(n=6),all after TG,compared to 1 esophagectomy patient(12.8% vs 0.6%,P=0.0003). Six of 7 patients(85.7%)who experienced tube-re

关键词： Feeding jejunostomy Esophagectomy Gastrectomy Nutritional recovery Outcomes

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanosensors for in vivo detection of nucleic acid targets in a large animal model

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Nano Research 2018年第8期11卷 4005-4016页

作者： Hsin-Neng Wang Janna K. Register andrew m. Fales Naveen Gandra Eugenia H. Cho Alina Boico Gregory m. Palmer Bruce Klitzman Tuan Vo-Dinh Departments of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Durham NC27708 USA Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics Duke University Durham NC27708 USA medical Center Duke University Durham NC27710 USA Deportments of Chemistry Duke University Durham NC27708 USA Hsin-Neng Wang Janna K. Register and Andrew M. Fales contributed equally to this work.

Although nanotechnology has led to important advances in in vitro diagnostics, the development of nanosensors for in vivo detection remains very challenging. Here, we demonstrated the proof-of-principle of in vivo detection of nudeic acid targets using a promising type of surface-enhanced Raman scattering （SERS） nanosensor implanted in the skin of a large animal model （pig）. The in vivo nanosensor used in this study involves the ＂inverse molecular sentinel＂ detection scheme using plasmonics-active nanostars, which have tunable absorption bands in the near infrared region of the ＂tissue optical window＂, rendering them efficient as an optical sensing platform for in vivo optical detection. Ex vivo measurements were also performed using human skin grafts to demonstrate the detection of SERS nanosensors through tissue. In this stud, a new core--shell nanorattle probe with Raman reporters trapped between the core and shell was utilized as an internal standard system for self-calibration. These results illustrate the usefulness and translational potential of the SERS nanosensor for in vivo biosensing.

关键词： nanosensor nanoprobes plasmonics nanostar surface-enhanced Ramanscattering (SERS) in vivo sensing