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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 368-383页

作者： Yu Sheng Li Xiao Wang Bo Hu Qi Sun Mei Wan andrew carr Shen Liu Xu Cao Department of Orthopedic Surgery The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA Nuffield Department of Orthopedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal SciencesBotnar Research CentreUniversity of OxfordWindmill RoadOxford OX 37 LDUK

PPeritendinous adhesion formation(PAF)can substantially limit the range of motion of ***,the origin of myofibroblasts in PAF tissues is still *** this study,we found that the concentration of active TGF-β1 and the numbers of macrophages,mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs),and myofibroblasts in human and mouse adhesion tissues were ***,knockout of TGF-β1 in macrophages or TGF-β1R2 in MSCs inhibited PAF by reducing MSC and myofibroblast infiltration and collagenⅠandⅢdeposition,***,we found that MSCs differentiated into myofibroblasts to form adhesion *** injection of the TGF-β–neutralizing antibody 1D11 during the granulation formation stage of PAF significantly reduced the infiltration of MSCs and myofibroblasts and,subsequently,*** results suggest that macrophage-derived TGF-β1 recruits MSCs to form myofibroblasts in peritendinous *** improved understanding of PAF mechanisms could help identify a potential therapeutic strategy.

关键词： inhibited injection MSC

Advanced Robotics to Address the Translational Gap in Tendon Engineering

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022年第1期2022卷 221-238页

作者： Iain L.Sander Nicole Dvorak Julie A.Stebbins andrew J.carr Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy Botnar Research Centre Nufield Department of OrthopaedicsRheumatologyand Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OsfordWindmill RoadOxford 0X37LDUK Oxford Gait Laboratory Nfield Orthopaedic CentreTebbit CentreWindmill RoadOxford 0X37HEUK

Tendon disease is a significant and growing burden to healthcare *** strategy to address this challenge is tssueengineering.A widely held view in this feld is that mechanical stimulation provided to constructs should replicate themechanicaienvironment of native tissue as closely as *** review recent tendon tissue engineering studies inthisarticle and highlight limitations of conventional uniaxial tensile bioreactors used in current *** roboticplatforms such as musculoskeletal humanoid robots and soft robotic actuators are promising technologies which may helpaddress translational gaps in tendon tissue engineering We suggest the proposed benets of these technologies and identifyrecent studies which have worked to implement these technologies in tssue ***,key chalenges to addressinadapting these robotic technologies and proposed future research directions for tendon tssue engineering are discussed.

关键词： directions limitations Tendon

Managing Co-morbidities and Side Effects during Long-term ART

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Managing Co-morbidities and Side Effects during Long-term AR...

全肘关节置换术治疗类风湿性关节炎的疗效评价——三种假体的比较研究

中华医学会第五次全国艾滋病、病毒性丙型肝炎暨全国热带病学术会议

作者： andrew carr HIV Immunology and Infectious Diseases Unit Clinical Research ProgramCentre for Applied Medical Research St Vincent's Hospital and University of New South Wales SydneyAustralia

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骨科动态 2006年第1期2卷 6-13页

作者： CHRISTOPHER P. LITTLE ALASTAIR J. GRAHAM GEORGIOS KARATZAS DAVID A. WOODS andrew J. carr 卫小春（译） Investigation performed at the Nuffield Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre Oxford England 山西医科大学附属第二医院骨科 030001

背景：据我们所知，英文文献中只有两篇关于当前所用的肘关节假体的比较研究，因假体效果的比较是非常困难的。更好的了解不同假体的疗效对于指导选择合适的假体是很有意义的。方法：我们将采用肘关节置换治疗的风湿性关节炎患者根据假... 详细信息

背景：据我们所知，英文文献中只有两篇关于当前所用的肘关节假体的比较研究，因假体效果的比较是非常困难的。更好的了解不同假体的疗效对于指导选择合适的假体是很有意义的。方法：我们将采用肘关节置换治疗的风湿性关节炎患者根据假体类型的不同分为三组，即Souter—Strathclyde组、Kudo组和Coonrad—Morrey组。每组包括33个肘关节。所有手术均由一名医生或由他指导下完成。术后随访没有进行翻修手术的病例，随访时间Souter—Strathclyde组平均为61个月，Kud0组为67个月，Coonrad—Morrey组为68个月。临床功能评价包括疼痛缓解程度和屈曲程度。用生命曲线表评价假体生存率，翻修手术和假体松动的影像学表现作为终结点。结果：各组在年龄、性别和随访时间方面有可比性。三组病例疼痛均得到缓解。三组中肘关节活动度的改善程度也很相似，但固定屈曲畸形和最大屈曲角度并未有显著改变。翻修术的原因主要有感染、脱位和无菌性松动。Coonrad—Morrey假体比其他二组生存率高。以翻修手术或影像学显示假体松动分别作为终结点，假体五年生存率Souter-Strathclyde组为85％和81％，Kudo组为93％和82％，Coonrad-Morrey组为90％和86％。而Coonrad—Morrey组影像学显示假体松动率较低。此组中16％的尺骨假体周围出现局灶型骨溶解，而其中一半的病例能发展为真正的松动。结论：这三种假体在缓解疼痛和提高肘关节活动范围方面是相似的。我们相信Coonrad—Morrey假体的铰链装置可预防脱位，并不增加松动的危险。可信水平：治疗性研究，Ⅲ级，进一步可信度参见作者介绍。

关键词：全肘关节置换术类风湿性关节炎关节假体疗效评价置换治疗影像学表现五年生存率假体松动翻修手术肘关节活动度

The development of a high-performance Ni-superalloy additively manufactured heat pipe

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Advances in Manufacturing 2022年第4期10卷 610-624页

作者： Sheng Li Khamis Essa James carr States Chiwanga andrew Norton Moataz M.Attallah School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Engineering University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Henry Moseley X-ray Imaging Facility Henry Royce Institute for Advanced MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK European Thermodynamics Ltd 8 Priory Business ParkWistow RoadKibworthLeicestershire LE80RXUK Rolls-Royce plc P.O.Box 31Derby DE248BJUK School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Additively manufacturing(AM)has been used to manufacture fine structures with structured/engineered porosity in heat management *** this study,laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)was used to manufacture a high-performance Ni-superalloy heat pipe,through tailoring LPBF process parameters to fabricate thin wall and *** using novel laser scanning strategies,wick structure heat pipes with maximised surface-area-to-volume ratio,fine features size around 100µm,and controlled porosity were successfully *** and X-ray microtomography(micro-CT)were used to investigate the 3D structure of the void space within the *** test results showed that most of the heat pipes made by LPBF had better performance than the conventionally manufactured *** study also investigated the influences of the process parameters on the porosity volume fraction and the feature *** results showed that LPBF process could fabricate thin structure due to the change of melt pool contact *** relationship between process parameters and bead size reported in this study could help design and manufacture heat pipe with complex fine structure.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) Heat pipe Melt pool Microtomography(micro-CT)

1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-basedmetabonomic study in patients with cirrhosis and hepaticencephalopathy

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第12期7卷 1701-1707页

作者： Konstantinos John Dabos John andrew Parkinson Ian Howard Sadler John Nicholas Plevris Peter Clive Hayes Centre of Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Department of Chemistry University of Strathclyde Department of Chemistry University of Edinburgh

AIM: To identify plasma metabolites used as biomarkers in order to distinguish cirrhotics from controls and ***: A clinical study involving stable cirrhotic patients with and without overt hepatic encephalopathy was designed. A control group of healthy volunteers was used. Plasma from those patients was analysed using 1H- nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We used the carr Purcell Meiboom Gill sequence to process the sample spectra at ambient probe temperature. We used a gated secondary irradiation field for water signal suppression. Samples were calibrated and referenced using the sodium trimethyl silyl propionate peak at 0.00 ppm. For each sample 128 transients(FID's) were acquired into 32 K complex data points over a spectral width of 6 KHz. 30 degree pulses were applied with an acquisition time of 4.0 s in order to achieve better resolution, followed by a recovery delay of 12 s, to allow for complete relaxation and recovery of the magnetisation. A metabolic profile was created for stable cirrhotic patients without signs of overt hepatic encephalopathy and encephalopathic patients as well as healthy controls. Stepwise discriminant analysis was then used and discriminant factors were created to differentiate between the three ***: Eighteen stabled cirrhotic patients, eighteen patients with overt hepatic encephalopathy and seventeen healthy volunteers were recruited. Patients with cirrhosis had significantly impaired ketone body metabolism, urea synthesis and gluconeogenesis. This was demonstrated by higher concentrations of acetoacetate(0.23 ± 0.02 vs 0.05 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), and b-hydroxybutarate(0.58 ± 0.14 vs 0.08 ± 0.00, P < 0.01), lower concentrations of glutamine(0.44 ± 0.08 vs 0.63 ± 0.03, P < 0.05), histidine(0.16 ± 0.01 vs 0.36 ± 0.04, P < 0.01) and arginine(0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.14 ± 0.02, P < 0.03) and higher concentrations of glutamate(1.36 ± 0.25 vs 0.58 ± 0.04, P < 0.01), lactate(1.53 ± 0.11 vs 0.42 ± 0.05, P < 0.01),

关键词： Ketone bodies Branch chain amino acids Glutamine Glycolysis

Medium-term mortality after hip fractures and COVID-19:A prospective multicentre UK study

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022年第3期25卷 161-165页

作者： Gareth Chan Ashish Narang Arash Aframian Zaid Ali Joseph Bridgeman Alastair carr Laura Chapman Henry Goodier Catrin Morgan Chang Park Sarah Sexton Kapil Sugand Thomas Walton Michael Wilson Ajay Belgaumkar Kieran Gallagher Koushik Ghosh Charles Gibbons Joshua Jacob andrew Keightley Zuhair Nawaz Khaled Sarraf Christopher Wakeling William Kieffer Benedict Rogers Brighton&Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust Brighton&Sussex Medical SchoolFainter CampusBrighton UK Surrey&Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust Canada&venueRedhillUK Chelsea&Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust LondonUK Ashford&St frier's Hospital NHS Foundation TrustChertseyUK Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust(Sr Richard's Hospital)ChichesterUK Poole General Hospital&the Royal Bournemouth Hospital froleUK Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust LondonUK Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust(Worthing Hospital) WorthingUK Royal Surrey Hospital NHS Foundation Trust GuildfordUK Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust FrimleyUK

Purpose:The COVID-19 pandemic has caused 1.4 million deaths globally and is associated with a 3-4 times increase in 30-day mortality after a fragility hip fracture with concurrent COVID-19 ***,death from COVID-19 infection occurs between 15 and 22 days after the onset of symptoms,but this period can extend up to 8 *** study aimed to assess the impact of concurrent COVID-19 infection on 120-day mortality after a fragility hip ***:A multi-centre prospective study across 10 hospitals treating 8%of the annual burden of hip fractures in England between 1st March and 30th April,2020 was *** whose surgical treatment was payable through the National Health Service Best Practice Tariff mechanism for"fragility hip fractures"were included in the ***'120-day mortality was assessed relative to their perioperative COVID-19 *** analysis was performed using SPSS version ***:A total of 746 patients were included in this study,of which 87(11.7%)were COVID-19 *** rates at 30-and 120-day were significantly higher for COVID-19 positive patients relative to COVID-19 negative patients(p<0.001).However,mortality rates between 31 and 120-day were not significantly different(p=0.107),16.1%and 9.4%respectively for COVID-19 positive and negative patients,odds ratio 1.855(95%CI 0.865-3.978).Conclusion:Hip fracture patients with concurrent COVID-19 infection,provided that they are alive at day-31 after injury,have no significant difference in 120-day *** the growing awareness and concern of "long-COVID"and its widespread prevalence,this does not appear to increase mediumterm mortality rates after a hip fracture.

关键词： Hip fractures Femoral fractures COVID-19 Coronavirus Mortality