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Advances in active fire detection using a multi-temporal method for next-generation geostationary satellite data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第9期12卷 1030-1045页

作者： Bryan Hally Luke Wallace Karin Reinke Simon Jones andrew Skidmore School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre MelbourneAustralia Faculty for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands Department of Environmental Science Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

A vital component of fire detection from remote sensors is the accurateestimation of the background temperature of an area in fire’s absence,assisting in identification and attribution of fire activity. Newgeostationary sensors increase the data available to describebackground temperature in the temporal domain. Broad area methodsto extract the expected diurnal cycle of a pixel using this temporally richdata have shown potential for use in fire detection. This paper describesan application of a method for priming diurnal temperature fitting ofimagery from the Advanced Himawari Imager. The BAT method is usedto provide training data for temperature fitting of target pixels, to whichthresholds are applied to detect thermal anomalies in 4 μm imageryover part of Australia. Results show the method detects positive thermalanomalies with respect to the diurnal model in up to 99% of caseswhere fires are also detected by Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellite activefire products. In absence of LEO active fire detection, but where aburned area product recorded fire-induced change, this method alsodetected anomalous activity in up to 75% of cases. Potentialimprovements in detection time of up to 6 h over LEO products are alsodemonstrated.

关键词： Fire detection diurnal variation geostationary sensors broad area training advanced himawari imager

Saturation in wavelength-division multiplexing free-space optical communication systems

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2019年第2期12卷 197-207页

作者： Jeremiah O. BANDELE malcolm WOOLFSON andrew J. PHILLIPS Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringAfe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateP.M.B 5454Nigeria Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham University ParkNottinghamNG7 2RDUK

The performance of a wavelength-division multiplexing (WDm) free-space optical (FSO) commu-nication system in a turbulent atmosphere employing optical amplifiers to improve capacity is investigated, in the presence of amplified spontaneous emission noise, scintillation, beam spreading, atmospheric attenuation and interchannel crosstalk. Using on-off keying modulation, monte Carlo simulation techniques are used to obtain the average bit error rate and system capability due to scintillation and the effect of introducing a power control algorithm (PCA) to the system is investigated. The PCA ensures that at any receiving instant, the same turbulence- free powers are received by all the receiving lenses. The performance of various WDm FSO communication system configurations such as non-amplified systems with an adaptive decision threshold (NOAADT), non- amplified systems with a non-adaptive decision threshold, fixed gain amplified systems with an adaptive decision threshold, fixed gain amplified systems with a non- adaptive decision threshold and saturated gain amplified systems with a non-adaptive decision threshold (SOA- NADT) are investigated. Results obtained show that the SOANADT is superior to the NOAADT and the PCA is only beneficial in amplified systems.

关键词： wavelength-division multiplexing (WDm) free-space optical (FSO) communication crosstalk optical amplifier (OA) gain saturation decision threshold

National trends in total hip arthroplasty for traumatic hip fractures:An analysis of a nationwide all-payer database

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第1期11卷 18-26页

作者： Anthony J Boniello Alexander m Lieber Kevin Denehy Priscilla Cavanaugh Yehuda E Kerbel andrew Star Rothman Orthopaedic Institute Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States Drexel University College of medicine PhiladelphiaPA 19123United States Bluegrass Orthopaedics LexingtonKY 40509United States Deparment of Orthopaedics Hospital of University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States

BACKGROUND Hemiarthroplasty(HA)has traditionally been the treatment of choice for elderly patients with displaced femoral neck *** treatment for younger,ambulatory patients is not as *** hip arthroplasty(THA)has been increasingly utilized in this population however the factors associated with undergoing HA or THA have not been fully *** To examine what patient characteristics are associated with undergoing THA or *** determine if outcomes differ between the *** We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS)for patients that underwent HA or THA for a femoral neck fracture between 2005 and *** NIS comprises a large representative sample of inpatient hospitalizations in the United *** Classifications of Disease,Ninth Edition(ICD-9)codes were used to identify patients in our *** variables,hospital characteristics,payer status,medical comorbidities and mortality rates were compared between the two *** logistic regression analysis was then performed to identify independent risk factors of treatment *** Of the total 502060 patients who were treated for femoral neck fracture,51568(10.3%)underwent THA and the incidence of THA rose from 8.3%to 13.7%.Private insurance accounted for a higher percentage of THA than *** increased most in urban teaching hospitals relative to urban non-teaching *** length of stay(LOS)was longer for *** mean charges were less for HA,however charges decreased steadily for both *** had a higher mortality rate,however,after adjusting for age and comorbidities HA was not an independent risk factor for ***,private insurance was an independent predictor for treatment with *** There has been an increase in the use of THA for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in the United States,most notably in urban *** and THA are decreasing in total charges and LOS.

关键词： Hip fracture Total hip arthroplasty Hemiarthroplasty Cost Length of stay National Inpatient Sample

modeling of a Sn-Based HTm-Free Perovskite Solar Cell Using a One-Dimensional Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator Tool

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2023年第1期29卷 62-72页

作者： Eli Danladi muhammad Kashif andrew Ichoja Bikimi Bitrus Ayiya Department of Physics Federal University of Health SciencesPMB 145OtukpoBenue StateNigeria School of Electrical Automation and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Faculty of Engineering and Applied Technology Universal College of LearningPrivate Bag 11022Palmerston NorthNew Zealand

Tin(Sn)-based perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have received increasing attention in the domain of photovoltaics due to their environmentally friendly *** this paper,numerical modeling and simulation of hole transport material(HTm)-free PSC based on methyl ammonium tin triiodide(CH_(3) NH_(3) SnI_(3))was performed using a one-dimensional solar cell capacitance simulator(SCAPS-1D)*** eff ect of perovskite thickness,interface defect density,temperature,and electron transport material(ETm)on the photovoltaic performance of the device was *** to optimization,the device demonstrated a power conversion effi ciency(PCE)of 8.35%,fi ll factor(FF)of 51.93%,short-circuit current density(J_(sc))of 26.36 mA/cm 2,and open circuit voltage(V_(oc))of 0.610 *** the above parameters individually while keeping others constant,the obtained optimal absorber thickness was 1.0μm,the interface defect density was 1010 cm-2,the temperature was 290 K,and the TiO 2 thickness was 0.01μ*** simulating with the optimized data,the fi nal device gave a PCE of 11.03%,FF of 50.78%,J_(sc) of 29.93 mA/cm 2,and V_(oc) of 0.726 *** the optimized and unoptimized metric parameters,an improvement of~32.10%in PCE,~13.41%in J_(sc),and~19.02%in V_(oc) were ***,the results of this study are encouraging and can pave the path for developing highly effi cient PSCs that are cost-eff ective,eco-friendly,and comparable to state-of-the-art.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Sn-based perovskite absorber TiO_(2) Defect density Temperature HTm-free

Traumatic brain injury and sight loss in military and veteran populations–a review

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military medical Research 2022年第1期9卷 71-85页

作者： Syeda F.Hussain Zara Raza andrew T.G.Cash Thomas Zampieri Robert A.mazzoli Randy H.Kardon Renata S.m.Gomes Research&Innovation Blind Veterans UK12-14 Harcourt StreetLondon W1H 4HDUK. Bravo Victor Research12-14 Harcourt StreetLondon W1H 4HDUK Blinded Veterans Association 1101 King StreetSuite 300AlexandriaVirginia 22314USA Department of Ophthalmology Madigan Army Medical Center9040 Jackson AvenueTacomaWashington 98431USA lowa City VA Health Care System and Iowa City VA Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Visual Loss Iowa CityIowa 52246USA department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The University of IowaIowa CityIowa 52242USA Northern Hub for Veterans and military Families Research Department of NursingMidwifery and HealthFaculty of Health and Life SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle NE77XAUK.

War and combat exposure pose great risks to the vision *** recently,vision related deficiencies and impairments have become common with the increased use of powerful explosive devices and the subsequent rise in incidence of traumatic brain injury(TBI).Studies have looked at the effects of injury severity,aetiology of injury and the stage at which visual problems become *** was little discrepancy found between the frequencies or types of visual dysfunctions across blast and non-blast related groups,however complete sight loss appeared to occur only in those who had a blast-related ***,the more severe the injury,the greater the likelihood of specific visual disturbances occurring,and a study found total sight loss to only occur in cases with greater *** of mild TBI(mTBI)is *** able to identify a potential TBI via visual symptoms may offer a new avenue for diagnosis.

关键词： Traumatic brain injury Visual impairment military Veteran

The F-box-only protein 44 regulates pregnane X receptor protein level by ubiquitination and degradation

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第11期13卷 4523-4534页

作者： Rebecca R.Florke Gee andrew D.Huber Jing Wu Richa Bajpai Allister J.Loughran Shondra m.Pruett-miller Taosheng Chen Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Center for Advanced Genome Engineering and Department of Cell and molecular Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA

Pregnane X receptor(PXR)is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor that transcriptionally upregulates drug-metabolizing enzymes[e.g.,cytochrome P4503A4(CYP3A4)]and *** the regulation of PXR target genes is well-characterized,less is known about the regulation of PXR protein *** screening an RNAi library,we identified the F-box-only protein 44(FBXO44)as a novel E3ligase for *** abundance increases upon knockdown of FBXO44,and,inversely,decreases upon overexpression of *** analysis revealed that FBXO44 interacts with PXR,leading to its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation,and we determined that the F-box associated domain of FBXO44 and the ligand binding domain of PXR are required for the functional *** summary,FBXO44 regulates PXR protein abundance,which has downstream consequences for CYP3A4 levels and drug-drug *** results of this study provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate PXR protein level and activity and suggest the importance of considering how modulating E3ubiquitin ligase activities will affect PXR-mediated drug metabolism.

关键词： PXR FBXO44 Ubiquitination Proteasomal degradation CYP3A4 Drug-drug interactions E3 ligase Nuclear receptor

Single-nucleus RNA and ATAC sequencing reveals the impact of chromatin accessibility on gene expression in Arabidopsis roots at the singlecell level

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molecular Plant 2021年第3期14卷 372-383页

作者： andrew Farmer Sandra Thibivilliers Kook Hui Ryu John Schiefelbein marc Libault National Center for Genome Resources Santa FeNM 87505USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Center for Plant Science InnovationUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnBeadle CenterLincolnNE 68503USA Department of molecular Cellularand Developmental BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Similar to other complex organisms,plants consist of diverse and specialized cell *** gain of unique biological functions of these different cell types is the consequence of the establishment of cell-typespecific transcriptional *** a necessary step in gaining a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling plant gene expression,we report the use of single-nucleus RNA sequencing(sNucRNA-seq)and single-nucleus assay for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing(sNucATACseq)technologies on Arabidopsis *** comparison of our single-nucleus transcriptomes to the published protoplast transcriptomes validated the use of nuclei as biological entities to establish plant cell-type-specific ***,our sNucRNA-seq results uncovered the transcriptomes of additional cell subtypes not identified by single-cell *** to our transcriptomic approach,the sNucATAC-seq approach led to the distribution of the Arabidopsis nuclei into distinct clusters,suggesting the differential accessibility of chromatin between groups of cells according to their *** reveal the impact of chromatin accessibility on gene expression,we integrated sNucRNA-seq and sNucATAC-seq data and demonstrated that cell-type-specific marker genes display cell-type-specific patterns of chromatin *** data suggest that the differential chromatin accessibility is a critical mechanism to regulate gene activity at the cell-type level.

关键词： single-cell RNA-seq single-nucleus ATAC-seq Arabidopsis root

Pacing profiles and tactical behaviors of elite runners

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第5期10卷 537-549页

作者： Arturo Casado Brian Hanley Pedro Jimenez-Reyes andrew Renfree Faculty of Health Sciences Isabel I UniversityBurgos 09003Spain Carnegie School of Sports Leeds Beckett UniversityLeeds LS63QSUK Centre for Sport Studies Rey Juan Carlos UniversityMadrid 28943Spain Institute of Sport and Exercise Science University of WorcesterWorcester WR26AJUK

The pacing behaviors used by elite athletes differ among individual sports,necessitating the study of sport-specific pacing ***,pacing behaviors adopted by elite runners differ depending on race ***“all-out”strategy,characterized by initial rapid acceleration and reduction in speed in the later stages,is observed during 100 m and 200 m events;400 m runners also display positive pacing patterns,which is characterized by a reduction in speed throughout the ***,800 m runners typically adopt a positive pacing strategy during paced“meet”***,during championship races,depending on the tactical approaches used by dominant athletes,pacing can be either positive or negative(characterized by an increase in speed throughout).A U-shaped pacing strategy(characterized by a faster start and end than during the middle part of the race)is evident during world record performances at meet races in 1500 m,5000 m,and 10,000 m *** a parabolic J-shaped pacing profile(in which the start is faster than the middle part of the race but is slower than the endspurt)can be observed during championship 1500 m races,a negative pacing strategy with microvariations of pace is adopted by 5000 m and 10,000 m runners in championship *** cross country and marathon championship races are characterized by a positive pacing strategy;whereas a U-shaped pacing strategy,which is the result of a fast endspurt,is adopted by 3000 m steeplechasers and half *** contrast,recent world record marathon performances have been characterized by even pacing,which emphasizes the differences between championship and meet races at distances longer than 800 *** reviewed suggest further recommendations for *** the whole race,800 m runners should avoid running wide on the *** turn,during major championship events,1500 m,5000 m,and 10,000 m runners should try to run close to the inside of the track as much as possible during t

关键词： Athletics Distance running Pacing Sprinting

Rehabilitation medicine Training in Australasia.

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Rehabilitation Medicine Training in Australasia.