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Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis Paulo Bartolo andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

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Network analyses:Inhibition of androgen receptor signaling reduces inflammation in the lung through AR-MAF-IL6 signaling axes

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 140-143页

作者： Albert R.Wang andrew M.Baschnagel Zijian Ni Sean R.Brennan Hypatia k.Newton Darya Buehler Christina kendziorski Randall J.kimple Gopal lyer Department of Human Oncology University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53705USA University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center MadisonWI 53705USA Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Biology Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWI 53705USA

Androgen receptor(AR)is a major transcription factor that plays a role in inflammatory response including interleukin-6(IL6)signaling.1 While AR regulation through paracrine loop signaling in prostate tissue is well-studied,its impact through an IL6 autocrine loop in the lung has not been wellstudied despite the organ's response to respiratory viral *** inhibition and RNA knockdown of AR identified a bZIP transcription factor MAF to be a common target of inflammation using these perturbations in lung cells.

关键词： inflammation lung respiratory

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Enhancing performance and longevity of solid-state zinc-iodine batteries with fluorine-rich solid electrolyte interphase

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 121-131页

作者： Yongxin Huang Yiqing Wang Xiyue Peng Tongen Lin Xia Huang Norah S Alghamdi Masud Rana Peng Chen Cheng Zhang andrew k Whittaker Lianzhou Wang and Bin Luo Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh 11564Saudi Arabia

Rechargeable zinc-iodine(ZnI_(2))batteries have gained popularity within the realm of aqueous batteries due to their inherent advantages,including natural abundance,intrinsic safety,and high theoretical ***,challenges persist in their practical applications,notably battery swelling and vulnerability in aqueous electrolytes,primarily linked to the hydrogen evolution reaction and zinc dendrite *** address these challenges,this study presents an innovative approach by designing a solid-state ZnI_(2)battery featuring a solid perfluoropolyether based polymer *** results demonstrate the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase layer on zinc,promoting horizontal zinc growth,mitigating dendrite penetration,and enhancing battery cycle ***,the solid electrolyte hinders the iodine ion shuttle effect,reducing zinc foil *** batteries employing this electrolyte demonstrate excellent cycle performance,maintaining stability for approximately 5000 h at room temperature,while solid-state ZnI_(2)batteries exhibit over 7000 cycles with a capacity retention exceeding 72.2%.This work offers a promising pathway to achieving reliable energy storage in solid-state ZnI_(2)batteries and introduces innovative concepts for flexible and wearable zinc batteries.

关键词： zinc-iodine battery solid electrolyte zinc metal anode electrolyte interphase shuttle effect

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“安全高效熏蒸助力节粮减损”特约国际专栏致辞（andrew Deeks，Simon Mckirdy）

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粮油食品科技 2024年第3期 7-8页

作者： andrew Deeks Simon Mckirdy 澳大利亚默多克大学

Murdoch University was established in 1973 and is located in Perth, Western Australia, Australia. The school covers an area of 227 hectares. Australia's characteristic plants decorate the campus particularly beautifully. It is a comprehensive research university with a full range of categories and a total of 24,000 students. It has branch campuses in Dubai, Singapore and Malaysia. 81% of Murdoch University's teachers have doctorates.

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Eribulin in breast cancer:Current insights and therapeutic perspectives

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 62-74页

作者： Oliver Oey Wynne Wijaya andrew Redfern Faculty of Medicine University of Western AustraliaNedlands 6009Australia Department of Medical Oncology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009WAAustralia Department of Oncology University of OxfordOxford OX37DQUnited Kingdom Department of Internal Medicine Universitas Gadjah MadaSleman 55281Indonesia Department of Medical Oncology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150WAAustralia

Eribulin is a non-taxane synthetic analogue approved in many countries as thirdline treatment for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast *** addition to its mitotic property,eribulin has non-mitotic properties including but not limited to,its ability to induce phenotypic reversal of epithelial to mesenchymal transition,vascular remodelling,reduction in immunosuppressive tumour *** approval,there has been a surge in studies investigating the application of eribulin as an earlier-line treatment and also in combination with other agents such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy across all breast cancer sub-types,including hormone receptor positive,HER2 positive and triple negative breast cancer,many demonstrating promising *** review will focus on the application of eribulin in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer across all subtypes including its role as an earlier-line agent,its toxicity profile,and potential future directions.

关键词： Eribulin Breast cancer Metastatic breast cancer Chemotherapy Efficacy Safety

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Effects of organic fertilizers produced using different techniques on rice grain yield and ammonia volatilization in double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 110-120页

作者： Mingcheng HU andrew JWADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN Jiangsu key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technologyand School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG65DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Ammonia(NH_(3)) volatilization from rice fields contributes to poor air quality and indicates low nitrogen use efficiency. Although organic fertilizers can meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth, the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on NH_(3) volatilization and rice yield in paddy fields are poorly understood and quantified. To address this gap in our knowledge, experimental field plots were established in a conventional double-cropping paddy field in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China. Five fertilizer treatments were used besides the control with no fertilizer: fresh organic fertilizer, successively composted organic fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer, mixture of chemically composted organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer, and chemical fertilizer. Ammonia volatilization was measured using a batch-type airflow enclosure method. No significant differences in grain yield were observed among organic and chemical fertilizer treatments. However, compared with chemical fertilizer, chemically composted organic fertilizer and successively composted organic fertilizer significantly decreased total NH_(3) volatilization by 70% and 68%, respectively. The ammonium-nitrogen concentration in field surface water correlated strongly(P < 0.01) and positively with NH_(3) volatilization across fertilization treatments. Our findings demonstrate that chemically composted organic fertilizer can sustain rice yield while reducing NH_(3) volatilization. An important future step is to promote these field measurements to similar rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional-and national-scale impact on air quality and nitrogen deposition in sensitive areas, and to design and implement better fertilizer management practices.

关键词： air quality crop production manure NH_(3)emission nitrogen use efficiency

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Simulation of the SMILE Soft X-ray Imager response to a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 39-46页

作者： Andrey Samsonov Graziella Branduardi-Raymont Steven Sembay andrew Read David Sibeck Lutz Rastaetter Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorking RH56NTUK Leicester University Leicester LE17RHUK Goddard Space Flight Center National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationGreenbeltMD 20771USA

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)will shine a spotlight on magnetopause dynamics during magnetic *** simulate an event with a southward interplanetary magnetic field turning and produce SXI count maps with a 5-minute integration *** making assumptions about the magnetopause shape,we find the magnetopause standoff distance from the count maps and compare it with the one obtained directly from the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)*** root mean square deviations between the reconstructed and MHD standoff distances do not exceed 0.2 RE(Earth radius)and the maximal difference equals 0.24 RE during the 25-minute interval around the southward turning.

关键词： magnetopause magnetic reconnection solar wind charge exchange southward interplanetary magnetic field numerical modeling Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) Soft X-ray Imager

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The Role of Parental Involvement in Academic Engagement of Primary Schools Pupils in kambia District, Sierra Leone

The Role of Parental Involvement in Academic Engagement of P...

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作者： Alie andrew Okeyan Ninka 北京师范大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究探讨了父母参与教育过程的作用及其对塞拉利昂坎比亚区小学生学业投入的影响。研究旨在实现三个具体的研究目标:(1)探究家长对小学生学习活动中父母参与的看法;(2)探究父母参与对小学生学习投入的影响;(3)探讨小学生学习活动中父... 详细信息

本研究探讨了父母参与教育过程的作用及其对塞拉利昂坎比亚区小学生学业投入的影响。研究旨在实现三个具体的研究目标:(1)探究家长对小学生学习活动中父母参与的看法;(2)探究父母参与对小学生学习投入的影响;(3)探讨小学生学习活动中父母参与存在的问题。通过有目的的方便抽样,研究选取了11名被试,包括校长、教师、委员会负责人和家长等,采用质性研究方法和横断研究设计,通过半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论向被试收集数据,并采用主题生成和内容分析的方法对数据进行定性分析。研究结果表明,父母参与在塞拉利昂小学生的学业成就中发挥着重要作用,家长对学生学习活动中父母参与的看法却有很大不同。父母参与受到经济、时间等因素的限制。在塞拉利昂,无论在家庭还是在学校,父母参与均不充分,导致大多数小学生的学习投入不足。因此,无论学生的生活状况如何,家长应为学生提供友好的学习环境,以确保其有效地参与学业。此外,学校也应定期向家长反馈其子女的学业参与情况和表现。

关键词：父母参与学业投入小学

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Using clinical cases to guide healthcare

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1555-1559页

作者： Michael Colwill Samantha Baillie Richard Pollok andrew Poullis Department of Gastroenterology St George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW170QTUnited Kingdom

Evidence-based practice(EBP)has been the gold standard in healthcare for nearly three centuries and aims to assist physicians in providing the safest and most effective healthcare for their *** well-established hierarchy of evidence lists systematic reviews and meta-analyses at the top however these methodologies are not always appropriate or possible and in these instances case-control studies,case series and case reports are utilised to support ***-control studies allow simultaneous study of multiple risk factors and can be performed rapidly and relatively cheaply.A recent example was during the Coronavirus pandemic where case-control studies were used to assess the efficacy of personal protective equipment for healthcare *** series and case reports also play a role in EBP and are particularly useful to study rare diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in transgender and gender non-conforming *** are also vital in generating and disseminating early signals and encouraging further *** these methodologies have weaknesses,particularly with regards to bias and loss of patient confidentiality for rare pathologies,they have an important part to play in EBP and when appropriately utilised can significantly impact upon clinical practice.

关键词： Evidence based medicine Hierarchy of evidence Case reports Case series

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Effects of different organic fertilizers on nitrous oxide and methane emissions from double-cropping rice fields

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 52-62页

作者： Mingcheng HU andrew J.WADE Weishou SHEN Zhenfang ZHONG Chongwen QIU Xiangui LIN Jiangsu key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66 DWUK Haina Research Institute of Guangdong Haina Agricultural Co. Ltd.Huizhou 516000China State key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Rice fields are a major source of greenhouse gases,such as nitrous oxide (N_(2)O) and methane (CH_(4)).Organic fertilizers may potentially replace inorganic fertilizers to meet the nitrogen requirement for rice growth;however,the simultaneous effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O and CH_(4)emissions and crop yield in paddy fields remain poorly understood and *** this study,experimental plots were established in conventional double-cropping paddy fields in the Pearl River Delta,China,including an unfertilized control and five fertilizer treatments with fresh organic fertilizer (FOF),successively composted organic fertilizer (SOF),chemically composted organic fertilizer (COF),COF supplemented with inorganic fertilizer (COIF),and chemical fertilizers (CFs)(TFOF,TSOF,TCOF,TCOIF,and TCF,respectively).Paddy field soils behaved simultaneously as an N_(2)O sink (cumulative N_(2)O emission:-196 to-381 g N ha^(-1)) and as a CH_(4)source (cumulative CH_(4)emission:719 to 2 178 kg ha^(-1)).Compared to CFs,the effects of organic fertilizers on N_(2)O emission were not *** contrast,total annual CH_(4)emission increased by 157%,132%,125%,and 37%in TFOF,TCOF,TSOF,and TCOIF,respectively,compared to *** TCOIF,rice yield was maintained,while CH_(4)emission was not significantly increased from the paddy fields characterized by a prolonged flood *** important next step is to extend these field-based measurements to larger rice cultivation areas to quantify the regional and national-scale impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and to help determine the optimum practice for fertilizer use.

关键词： crop production global warming potential greenhouse gases manure paddy sustainable agriculture

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