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Source. and significance.of variation in basal,summit and maximal me.abolic rate. in birds

Curre.t Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 741-758页

作者： andrew e. mckechnie David L. SWANSON DST/NRF Ce.tre.of e.ce.le.ce.at the.Pe.cy FitzPatrick Institute Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of Pretoria De.artme.t of Biology University of South Dakota

The.rate. at which birds use.e.e.gy may have.profound e.fe.ts on fitne.s, the.e.y influe.cing physiology, be.avior, e.ology and e.olution. Comparisons of standardize. me.abolic rate. （e.g., lowe. and uppe. limits of me.abolic powe. output） pre.e.t a me.hod for e.ucidating the.e.fe.ts of e.ological and e.olutionary factors on the.inte.face.be.we.n physiology and life.history in birds. In this pape. we.re.ie. variation in avian me.abolic rate. [basal me.abolic rate.（BMR; minimum normothe.mic me.abolic rate., summit me.abolic rate.（Msum; maximal the.more.ulatory me.abolic rate., and maximal me.abolic rate.（MMR; maximal e.e.cise.me.abolic rate.], the.factors associate. with this variation, the.e.ide.ce.for functional links be.we.n the.e.me.abolic traits, and the.e.ological and e.olutionary significance.of avian me.abolic dive.sity. Both lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production are.phe.otypically fle.ible.traits, and vary in association with nume.ous e.ological and e.olutionary factors. For both inte.- and intraspe.ific comparisons, lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production are.ge.e.ally upre.ulate. in re.ponse.to e.e.ge.ically de.anding conditions and downre.ulate. whe. e.e.ge.ic de.ands are.re.axe., or unde. conditions of e.e.ge.ic scarcity. Positive.corre.ations have.be.n docume.te. be.we.n BMR, Msum and MMR in some. but not all studie. on birds, providing partial support for the.ide. of a functional link be.we.n lowe. and uppe. limits to me.abolic powe. production, but more.intraspe.ific studie. are.ne.de. to de.e.mine.the.robustne.s of this conclusion. Corre.ations be.we.n BMR and fie.d me.abolic rate.（or daily e.e.gy e.pe.diture. in birds are.variable. sugge.ting that the.linkage.be.we.n the.e.traits is subje.t to be.avioral adjustme.t, and studie. of the.re.ationship be.we.n fie.d and maximal me.abolic rate. are.lacking. Our unde.standing of avian me.abolic dive.sity would be.e.it from future.studie. of：（1） the.functional and me.hanistic li

关键词： Phe.otypic fle.ibility Re.ction norms Basal me.abolic rate Maximal me.abolic rate Birds

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Tungste. Promote. Ni/Al_2O_3 Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide.Re.orming of Me.hane.to Synthe.is Gas

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Che.ical Re.e.rch in Chine.e.Unive.sitie. 2004年第4期20卷 470-477页

作者： Thomas Suhartanto andrew P. e. York Malcolm L. H. Gre.n Wolfson Catalysis Ce.tre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of OxfordWolfson Catalysis Centre Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UKSouth Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK

A se.ie. of tungste. promote. alumina supporte. nicke. catalysts has be.n pre.are. for the.carbon dioxide.re.orming of me.hane.to synthe.is gas. The.catalysts have.be.n characte.ize. by me.ns of XRD, Te., and Lase. Raman spe.troscopy. It is shown that the.addition of tungste. to the.nicke. catalyst can stabilize.the.catalyst and incre.se.the.re.istance.to carbon de.osition. Adding a suitable.amount of tungste. can also incre.se.the.catalyst activity to be.close.to that of supporte. noble.me.al catalysts. The.carburisation of the.tungste. modifie. nicke. catalyst de.re.se. the.catalyst activity at lowe. re.ction te.pe.ature.(e.fe.t on the.catalyst pe.formance.at highe. re.ction te.pe.ature.. The.alumina supporte. nicke. catalyst modifie. by 0.67%(mass fraction) WO_3 has the.e.uivale.t e.uilibrium constant of the.dry re.orming re.ction to that of alumina supporte. 5%(mass fraction) Ru at 873 K, and also has a lowe. activation e.e.gy for dry re.orming than the.latte..

关键词： Nicke. catalyst Tungste. modifie. CO_2 re.orming Me.hane Syngas

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Growth factor re.e.tor trafficking as a pote.tial the.ape.tic targe. in pe.iatric cance.

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Frontie.s in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Pe.e. e. ZAGe.andrew J. Be.N De.artme.t of Pe.iatrics Section of Hematology-Oncology 1102 Bates Suite 1220 Houston TX 77030 USA Te.as Childre.＇s Cance. and He.atology Ce.te.s Houston TX 77030 USA Dan L. Duncan Cance. Ce.te. Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA De.artme.t of Ne.robiology and Anatomy The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA Division of Pe.iatrics The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

Growth factor re.e.tors （GFRs） are.ofte. abe.rantly e.pre.se. in tumor ce.ls, and alte.e. GFR e.pre.sionand activity contribute.to the.pathoge.e.is of many type. of cance.. A varie.y of me.hanisms have.be.n ide.tifie. that re.ult in e.hance. GFR e.pre.sion and activity in cance. ce.ls. De.e.ts in the.pathways re.ponsible.for GFR inte.nalization and intrace.lular trafficking are.like.y to be.involve. in alte.e. GFR e.pre.sion in a varie.y of cance.s. The.role. of GFR trafficking pathways in the.re.ulation of GFR e.pre.sion, in the.pathoge.e.is of tumors, and in the.re.ponse.of tumors to tre.tme.t have.not be.n fully de.ine.te., but the.like.y contributions of GFR signaling to the.de.e.opme.t and progre.sion of various malignancie. sugge.t that the.apie. that modify GFR trafficking may be.e.fe.tive.as anticance. tre.tme.ts. The.intrace.ular trafficking of GFRs is re.ulate. by a numbe. of prote.n comple.e. and by prote.n ubiquitination. Many of the.prote.ns re.uire. for this trafficking are.products of tumor suppre.sor ge.e., and the.e.pre.sion and function of the.prote.n machine.y utilize. for intrace.lular trafficking is fre.ue.tly alte.e. in tumor ce.ls, consiste.t with the.like.y role.of GFR trafficking in tumorige.e.is. Many of the.prote.ns involve. in GFR trafficking have.be.n ide.tifie. as pote.tial targe.s for anticance. tre.tme.t, and nove. tre.tme.ts dire.te. against the.e.targe.s are.curre.tly in pre.linical de.e.opme.t and in clinical trials. Ubiquitin ligase. are.critical for GFR trafficking and re.re.e.t pote.tially important targe.s for the.de.e.opme.t of nove. the.apie.. The.ge.e. for the.ubiquitin ligase. c-Cbl and UBe.B are.locate. in chromosome.re.ions commonly alte.e. in a varie.y of tumors and the.e.ore.are.like.y to be.important for tumorige.e.is, c-Cbl nbiquitinate. a numbe. of GFRs and dire.ts the. for de.radation. Mutations in c-Cbl have.be.n ide.tifie. in case. of mye.oid le.ke.ia and mye.odysplasia, providing a link be.we.n GFR ubiquitinatio

关键词： growth factor re.e.tor tyrosine.kinase trafficking UBe.B ne.roblastoma

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Syste.ic RNAi in we.te.n corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgife.a virgife.a, doe. not involve.transitive.pathways

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2018年第1期25卷 45-56页

作者： Huarong Li andrew J. Bowling Pre.chand Gandra Muruge.an Rangasamy He.the. e. Pe.ce.Robe.t e. Mce.an Chitvan Khajuria Blair D. Sie.frie. Ke.ne.h e. Narva Dow AgroScie.ce. LLC 9330 Zionsville Rd. Indianapolis Indiana USA De.artme.t of e.tomology University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska USA Monsanto Company Chesterfield Missouri USA e.tomology and Ne.atology De.artme.t University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

We.te.n corn rootworm （WCR, Diabrotica virgife.a virgife.a Le.onte. is highly se.sitive.to orally de.ive.e. double.strande. RNA （dsRNA）. RNAi in WCR is syste.ic and spre.ds throughout the.inse.t body. This raise. the.que.tion whe.he. transitive.RNAi is a me.hanism that functions in WCR to amplify the.RNAi re.ponse.via production of se.ondary siRNA. Se.ondary siRNA production is achie.e. through RNA-de.e.de.t RNA polyme.ase.（RdRP） activity in othe. e.karyotic organisms, but RdRP has not be.n ide.tifie. in WCR and any othe. inse.ts. This study visualize. the.spre.d of the.RNAi- me.iate. knockdown of Dr v-ATPase.C mRNA throughout the.WCR gut and othe. tissue. using high-se.sitivity branche. DNA in situ hybridization. Furthe.more. we.did not de.e.t e.the. se.ondary siRNA production or transitive.RNAi in WCR through siRNA se.ue.ce.profile.analysis. Nucle.tide.mismatche. se.ue.ce. introduce. into e.the. the.se.se.or antise.se.strand of v-ATPase.C dsRNAs we.e.maintaine. in siRNAs de.ive. from WCR fe. with the.mismatche. dsRNAs in a strand spe.ific manne.. The.distribution of all siRNAs was re.tricte. to within the.original targe. se.ue.ce.re.ions, which may indicate.the.lack of ne. dsRNA synthe.is le.ding to production of se.ondary siRNA. Thus, the.syste.ic spre.d of RNAi in WCR may be.de.ive. from the.original dsRNA mole.ule. take. up from the.gut lume.. The.e.re.ults indicate.that the.initial dsRNA dose.is important for a le.hal syste.ic RNAi re.ponse.in WCR and have.implications in de.e.oping e.fe.tive.dsRNA traits to control WCR and in re.istance.manage.e.t to prolong the.durability of RNAi trait te.hnology.

关键词： corn rootworm Diabrotica se.ondary siRNA production syste.ic RNAi transitive.RNAi

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Advancing the.Disaste. and De.e.opme.t Paradigm

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Inte.national Journal of Disaste. Risk Scie.ce 2018年第4期9卷 486-495页

作者： andrew e.Collins De.artme.t of Ge.graphy and e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. /Disaste. and De.e.opme.t Ne.work (DDN) Northumbria University

Consolidation of disaste. and de.e.opme.t studie. as an inte.rate. fie.d of action re.e.rch that influe.ce. policy has prove. to be.fundame.tal to global disaste. risk re.uction, sustainable.de.e.opme.t, climate.change. and humanitarian agre.me.ts. Howe.e., challe.ge. in achie.ing targe.s, such as those.of the.Se.dai Frame.ork for Disaste. Risk Re.uction 2015–2030 and the.Sustainable.De.e.opme.t Goals, re.uire. furthe. advance. of the.disaste. and de.e.opme.t paradigm unde.pinning the.e.aspirations. This article.pre.e.ts pe.spe.tive. that gre. primarily from local action re.e.rch, particularly re.e.rch carrie. out with marginalize. and highly at-risk groups of pe.ple.in Southe.n Africa and South *** fronts from the.e.findings e.phasize.disaste. and de.e.opme.t risk asse.sme.t opportunitie. that consolidate.e.rlie. ide.s and e.te.d unde.standing of disaste. and de.e.opme.t-re.ate. risk inte.ve.tion options. The.e.acknowle.ge.se.e.e.shortcomings in disaste. risk re.uction progre.s while.including gre.te. use.of hope.as an active.ingre.ie.t. This proce.s of paradigm e.ploration re.ains fundame.tal to achie.ing disaste. risk re.uction, sustainable.de.e.opme.t, and associate. policy obje.tive.. The.analysis pre.e.te. he.e.re.te.ate. e.rlie. groundings in pe.ple.ce.tric pe.spe.tive., e.phasizing social re.ations and syste.s of me.ning as e.se.tial active.ingre.ie.ts for challe.ging powe. structure., te.hnology, e.ucation, and human be.avior. The.analysis propose. some.conse.ue.t the.atic fronts for incre.se. inve.tme.t. The.e.include.nve.ting in e.rly buildup of we.l-be.ng be.ore.a disaste.,be.te. living with unce.tainty, and ove.coming the.barrie.s to de.ire. disaste. and de.e.opme.t outcome.. The.article.is inte.de. to contribute.to an e.e.-e.olving paradigm of disaste. and de.e.opme.t risk that re.uire. impe.us from pe.sonal and colle.tive.value. be.ond calculations of disaste. and de.e.opme.t.

关键词： Disaste. and de.e.opme.t paradigm Disaste. risk re.uction Disaste. risk manage.e.t Local action re.e.rch

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The.small hive.be.tle.Ae.hina tumida： A re.ie. of its biology and control me.sure.

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Curre.t Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 644-653页

作者： andrew G. S. CUTHBe.TSON Maure.n e. WAKe.Ie.D Miche.le.e. POWe.L Gay MARRIS He.e. ANDe.SON Gile. e. BUDGe.Jame. J. MATHe.S Lisa F.BLACKBURN Mike.A. BROWN The.Food and e.vironme.t Re.e.rch Age.cy Sand Hutton York YO41 1LZ UK

The.small hive.be.tle.Ae.hina tumida is an e.de.ic parasitic pe.t and scave.ge. of colonie. of social be.s indige.ous to sub-Saharan Africa. In this re.ion this spe.ie. rare.y inflicts se.e.e.damage.on strong colonie. since.the.be.s have.de.e.ope. strate.ie. to combat the.. Howe.e., A. tumida has since.＇e.cape.＇ from its native.home.and has re.e.tly invade. are.s such as North Ame.ica and Australia whe.e.its e.onomic impact on the.apiculture.industry has be.n significant. Small hive.be.tle. should it be.ome.e.tablishe. within e.rope. re.re.e.ts a re.l and live.thre.t to the.UK be. ke.ping industry. He.e.we.re.ie. the.biology and curre.t pe.t status of A. tumida and up to-date.re.e.rch in te.ms of both che.ical and biological control use. against this hone. be. pe.t [Curre.t Zoology 59 （5）： 644-653, 2013].

关键词： Ae.hina tumida Pe.ticide. Biological control Population de.e.opme.t Hone. be.s

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De.e.opme.t of Surfactants and Builde.s in De.e.ge.t Formulations

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Chine.e.Journal of Che.ical e.gine.ring 2008年第4期16卷 517-527页

作者：于养信赵瑾 andrew e. Bayly De.artme.t of Che.icai e.gine.ring Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China P＆G Te.hnology （Be.jing）.Co. Ltd. Beijing 100085 China P＆G Te.hnical Ce.tre. Ltd Newcastle upon Tyne NE12 9TS UK

Surfactants and builde.s are.the.two most important ingre.ie.ts in laundry, house.old and pe.sonal-care.cle.ning products. The. play a ke. role.in washing proce.se.. The.de.e.opme.t of various surfactants （e.g., anionic, nonionic, cationic, zwitte.ionic, and silicone.surfactants） and builde.s （inorganic, organic and polyme.ic builde.s）use. in the.de.e.ge.t compositions are.re.ie.e. and the.r de.e.ge.cy pe.formance.and biode.radability are.discusse.. In the.future. the.de.e.opme.t of the.surfactants and builde.s use. in de.e.ge.t compositions should be.base. on e.onomic and e.vironme.tal conside.ations. The.use.of the.e.o-frie.dly surfactants and builde.s de.ive. from ine.pe.sive.re.e.able.re.ource. （e.g., alkyl polyglucoside. and bio-base. polye.te.s） in de.e.ge.t compositions is the.de.e.oping tre.ds in de.e.ge.t industry.

关键词： de.e.ge.t surfactant builde. de.e.ge.cy pe.formance biode.radability

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Ca2+ signaling during ve.te.rate.somitoge.e.is

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第7期27卷 781-790页

作者： Sarah e.We.B andrew L MILLe. De.artme.t of Biology the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong SARChina

A varie.y of Ca2+signals,in the.form of inte.ce.lular pulse. and wave.,have.be.nre.orte. to be.associate. with the.various se.ue.tial stage. of somitoge.e.is:from conve.ge.t e.te.sion and the.formation of the.paraxial me.ode.m;during the.atte.ning of the.paraxial me.ode.m to e.tablish se.me.tal units;throughout the.ormation of the.morphological boundarie. that de.ine.te.the.se.me.tal units,andfinally from within the.maturing somite. as the. unde.go subse.ue.t de.e.op-me.t and *** to both the.te.hnical challe.ge. pre.e.te. in imag-ing intact,de.e.oping e.bryos,and the.subtle.nature.of the.Ca2+transie.tsge.e.ate.,the. have.prove. to be.difficult to ***,a combinationof culture. ce.l pre.arations and improve.e.ts in e.plant and whole.e.bryo im-aging te.hnique. has be.un to re.e.l a ne. and e.citing class of de.e.opme.talCa2+*** this chapte.,we.re.ie. the.small,but e.panding,numbe. ofre.orts in the.lite.ature.and atte.pt to ide.tify common characte.istics of the.omitoge.ic Ca2+transie.ts,such as the.r mode.of ge.e.ation,as we.l as the.rspatial and te.poral *** may he.p to e.ucidate.the.significance.andfunction of the.e.intriguing Ca2+transie.ts and thus inte.rate.the. into the.com-ple. signaling ne.works that orche.trate.e.rly de.e.opme.tal e.e.ts.

关键词： Ca2+ signaling somitoge.e.is ze.rafish Xe.opus mouse chick

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TRPC3 is re.uire. for the.survival, pluripote.cy and ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls(me.Cs)

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Scie.ce.China(Life.Scie.ce.) 2018年第3期61卷 253-265页

作者： He.e. Baixia Hao Sarah e. We.b Jianbo Yue.Marc More.u Cathe.ine.Le.le.c andrew L. Mille. Division of Life.Scie.ce.and State.Ke. Laboratory of Mole.ular Ne.roscie.ce HKUST Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China De.artme.t of Biome.ical Scie.ce. City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Ce.tre.de.Biologie.du Déve.oppe.e.t (CBD) Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI) Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS Toulouse F-31062 France

Transie.t re.e.tor pote.tial canonical subfamily me.be. 3(TRPC3) is known to be.important for ne.ral de.e.opme.t and the.formation of ne.ronal ne.works. He.e. we.inve.tigate. the.role.of TRPC3 in undiffe.e.tiate. mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls(me.Cs) and during the.diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs into ne.rons. CRISPR/Cas9-me.iate. knockout(KO) of TRPC3 induce. apoptosis and the.disruption of mitochondrial me.brane.pote.tial both in undiffe.e.tiate. me.Cs and in those.unde.going ne.ral diffe.e.tiation. In addition, TRPC3 KO impaire. the.pluripote.cy of me.Cs. TRPC3 KO also dramatically re.re.se. the.ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs by inhibiting the.e.pre.sion of marke.s for ne.ral proge.itors, ne.rons, astrocyte. and *** toge.he., our ne. data de.onstrate.an important function of TRPC3 with re.ards to the.survival, pluripote.cy and ne.ral diffe.e.tiation of me.Cs.

关键词： transie.t re.e.tor pote.tial canonical subfamily me.be. 3 (TRPC3) mouse.e.bryonic ste. ce.ls (me.Cs) ne.rondiffe.e.tiation CRISPR/Cas9 pluripote.cy apoptosis mitochondrial me.brane.pote.tial

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Virus-Induce. Ge.e.Sile.cing in the.Culinary Ginge. （Zingibe. officinale.： An e.fe.tive.Me.hanism for Down-Re.ulating Ge.e.e.pre.sion in Tropical Monocots

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Mole.ular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 1084-1094页

作者： Tanya Re.ne. Je.nife. Bragg He.the. e. Driscoll Juliana Cho andrew O. Jackson Che.se. D. Spe.ht De.artme.t of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA Pre.e.t addre.s: Ge.ornics and Ge.e.Discove.y USDA ARS PWA WRRC-GGD 800 Buchanan Street Albany CA 94710 USA

Virus-induce. ge.e.sile.cing （VIGS） has be.n shown to be.e.fe.tive.for transie.t knockdown of ge.e.e.pre.sion in plants to analyze.the.e.fe.ts of spe.ific ge.e. in de.e.opme.t and stre.s-re.ate. re.ponse.. VlGS is we.l e.tablishe. for studie. of mode. syste.s and crops within the.Solanace.e. Brassicace.e. Le.uminace.e. and Poace.e. but only re.e.tly has be.n applie. to plants re.iding outside.the.e.familie.. He.e. we.have.de.onstrate. that barle. stripe.mosaic virus （BSMV） can infe.t two spe.ie. within the.Zingibe.ace.e. and that BSMV-VIGS can be.applie. to spe.ifically down-re.ulate.phytoe.e.de.aturase.in the.culinary ginge. Zingibe. officinale. The.e.re.ults sugge.t that e.te.sion of BSMV-VlGS to monocots othe. than ce.e.ls has the.pote.tial for dire.te. ge.e.ic analyse. of many important te.pe.ate.and tropical crop spe.ie..

关键词： Barle. stripe.mosaic virus virus-induce. ge.e.sile.cing VIGS Zingibe. officinale Monocot.

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