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machine Learning Techniques for predicting Crop photosynthetic Capacity from Leaf Reflectance Spectra

molecular plant 2017年第6期10卷 878-890页

作者： David Heckmann Urte Schluter andreas p.m. weber Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Institute for Computer Science Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Institute of Plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on plant Sciences (CEpLAS) 'From Complex Traits towards Synthetic modules' 40225 Dusseldorf Germany

Harnessing natural variation in photosynthetic capacity is a promising route toward yield increases, but physiological phenotyping is still too laborious for large-scale genetic screens. Here, we evaluate the potential of leaf reflectance spectroscopy to predict parameters of photosynthetic capacity in Brassica oleracea and Zea mays, a C3 and a C4 crop, respectively. To this end, we systematically evaluated properties of reflectance spectra and found that they are surprisingly similar over a wide range of species. We assessed the performance of a wide range of machine learning methods and selected recursive feature elimination on untransformed spectra followed by partial least squares regression as the preferred algorithm that yielded the highest predictive power. Learning curves of this algorithm suggest optimal species-specific sample sizes. Using the Brassica relative moricandia, we evaluated the model transferability between spe- cies and found that cross-species performance cannot be predicted from phylogenetic proximity. The final intra-species models predict crop photosynthetic capacity with high accuracy. Based on the estimated model accuracy, we simulated the use of the models in selective breeding experiments, and showed that high-throughput photosynthetic phenotyping using our method has the potential to greatly improve breeding success. Our results indicate that leaf reflectance phenotyping is an efficient method for improving crop photosynthetic capacity.

关键词： leaf spectrometry photosynthesis machine learning crops C4 phenotyping

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plastid Signals and the Bundle Sheath： mesophyll Development in Reticulate mutants

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molecular plant 2014年第1期7卷 14-29页

作者： peter K. Lundquist Christian Rosar Andrea Brautigam andreas p.m. weber Institute for plant Biochemistry and Cluster of Excellence on plant Sciences (CEpLAS) Heinrich-Neine-Universitat Universitatsstrasse 1 40225 Dusseldorf Germany Alte StraBe 2 34225 Baunatal Germany

The development of a plant leaf is a meticulously orchestrated sequence of events producing a complex organ comprising diverse cell types. The reticulate class of leaf variegation mutants displays contrasting pigmentation between veins and interveinal regions due to specific aberrations in the development of mesophyll cells. Thus, the reticulate mutants offer a potent tool to investigate cell-type-specific developmental processes. The discovery that most mutants are affected in plastid-localized, metabolic pathways that are strongly expressed in vasculature-associated tis- sues implicates a crucial role for the bundle sheath and their chloroplasts in proper development of the mesophyll cells. Here, we review the reticulate mutants and their phenotypic characteristics, with a focus on those in Arabidopsis thali- ana. Two alternative models have been put forward to explain the relationship between plastid metabolism and meso- phyll cell development, which we call here the supply and the signaling hypotheses. We critically assess these proposed models and discuss their implications for leaf development and bundle sheath function in C3 species. The characteriza- tion of the reticulate mutants supports the significance of plastid retrograde signaling in cell development and highlights the significance of the bundle sheath in C3 photosynthesis.

关键词： reticulate mesophyll bundle sheath development intercellular signaling leaf variegation plastid.

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Surveying the Oligomeric State of Arabidopsis thaliana Chloroplasts

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molecular plant 2017年第1期10卷 197-211页

作者： peter K. Lundquist Otho mantegazza Anja Stefanski Kai Stuhler andreas p.m. weber institute for plant Biochemistry molecular proteomics La_boratory BMFZ Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich-Heine-University UniversitatsstraBe 1 40225 Duseldorf Germany present address: plant Biology Division The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation Ardmore OK 73401 USA

Blue native-pAGE （BN-pAGE） resolves protein complexes in their native state. When combined with immu- noblotting, it can be used to identify the presence of high molecular weight complexes at high resolution for any protein, given a suitable antibody. To identify proteins in high molecular weight complexes on a large scale and to bypass the requirement for specific antibodies, we applied a tandem mass spectrometry （mS/mS） approach to BN-pAGE-resolved chloroplasts. Fractionation of the gel into six bands allowed iden- tification and label-free quantification of 1000 chloroplast proteins with native molecular weight separation. Significantly, this approach achieves a depth of identification comparable with traditional shotgun proteo- mic analyses of chloroplasts, indicating much of the known chloroplast proteome is amenable to mS/mS identification under our fractionation scheme. By limiting the number of fractionation bands to six, we facil- itate scaled-up comparative analyses, as we demonstrate with the reticulata chloroplast mutant displaying a reticulated leaf phenotype. Our comparative proteomics approach identified a candidate interacting protein of RETICULATA as well as effects on lipid remodeling proteins, amino acid metabolic enzymes, and plastid division machinery. We additionally highlight selected proteins from each sub-compartment of the chloroplast that provide novel insight on known or hypothesized protein complexes to further illus- trate the utility of this approach. Our results demonstrate the high sensitivity and reproducibility of this technique, which is anticipated to be widely adaptable to other sub-cellular compartments.

关键词： chloroplast blue native-pAGE comparative proteomics protein complex oligomeric state,RETICULATA

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Arabidopsis tic62 trol mutant Lacking Thylakoid- Bound Ferredoxin-NADp＋ Oxidoreductase Shows Distinct metabolic phenotype

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molecular plant 2014年第1期7卷 45-57页

作者： minna Lintala Natalie Schuck Ina Thormaihlen andreas Jungfer Katrin L. weber andreas p.m. weber peter Geigenberger Juirgen Soil Bettina Bolter paula mulo molecular plant Biology Department of Biochemistry University of Turku FI-20014 Turku Finland munich Center for Integrated protein Science CipSm Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 25 D-81377 Munich Germany Department of Biology I Botany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Groβhaderner Strasse 2-4 D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Department of Biology I Plant Metabolism Group Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Groβhaderner Strasse 2-4 D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Institute for plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Universitatsstrasse 1 D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany

Ferredoxin-NADp＋ oxidoreductase （FNR）, functioning in the last step of the photosynthetic electron transfer chain, exists both as a soluble protein in the chloroplast stroma and tightly attached to chloroplast membranes. Surface plasmon resonance assays showed that the two FNR isoforms, LFNR1 and LFNR2, are bound to the thylakoid membrane via the C-terminal domains of Tic62 and TROL proteins in a pH-dependent manner. The tic62 trol double mutants contained a reduced level of FNR, exclusively found in the soluble stroma. Although the mutant plants showed no visual phenotype or defects in the function of photosystems under any conditions studied, a low ratio of NADpH/NADp~ was detected. Since the CO2 fixation capacity did not differ between the tic62 trol plants and wild-type, it seems that the plants are able to funnel reducing power to most crucial reactions to ensure survival and fitness of the plants. However, the activity of malate dehydrogenase was down-regulated in the mutant plants. Apparently, the plastid metabolism is able to cope with substantial changes in directing the electrons from the light reactions to stromal metabolism and thus only few differences are visible in steady-state metabolite pool sizes of the tic62 trol plants.

关键词： carbon assimilation ferredoxin-NADp+ oxidoreductase photosynthesis chloroplast stromal metabolism Tic62 TROL.

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photorespiration Is Crucial for Dynamic Response of photosynthetic metabolism and Stomatal movement to Altered C02 Availability

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molecular plant 2017年第1期10卷 47-61页

作者： marion Eisenhut Andrea Brautigam Stefan Timm Alexandra Florian Takayuki Tohge Alisdair R. Fernie Hermann Bauwe andreas p.m. weber Institute of plant Biochemistry Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences Heinrich Heine University 40225 Dusseldorf Germany Department of plant physiology University of Rostock Albert-Einstein-StraBe 3 18051 Rostock Germany Department of molecular physiology Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany present address: IpK Gatersleben Network Analysis and Modeling Corrensstrasse 3 06466 Seeland Germany

The photorespiratory pathway or photorespiration is an essential process in oxygenic photosynthetic or- ganisms, which can reduce the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon assimilation and is hence frequently considered as a wasteful process. By comparing the response of the wild-type plants and mutants impaired in photorespiration to a shift in ambient C02 concentrations, we demonstrate that photorespiration also plays a beneficial role during short-term acclimation to reduced C02 availability. The wild-type plants re- sponded with few differentially expressed genes, mostly involved in drought stress, which is likely a conse- quence of enhanced opening of stomata and concomitant water loss upon a shift toward low C02. In contrast, mutants with impaired activity of photorespiratory enzymes were highly stressed and not able to adjust stomatal conductance to reduced external C02 availability. The transcriptional response of mutant plants was congruent, indicating a general reprogramming to deal with the consequences of reduced C02 availability, signaled by enhanced oxygenation of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate and amplified by the artificially impaired photorespiratory metabolism. Central in this reprogramming was the pro- nounced reallocation of resources from growth processes to stress responses. Taken together, our results indicate that unrestricted photorespiratory metabolism is a prerequisite for rapid physiological acclimation to a reduction in C02 availability.

关键词： photorespiration starvation stress stomata transcription Arabidopsis thaliana

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The plastid Envelope CHLOROpLAST mANGANESE TRANSpORTER1 Is Essential for manganese Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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molecular plant 2018年第7期11卷 955-969页

作者： marion Eisenhut Natalie Hoecker Sidsel Birkelund Schmidt Rubek merina Basgaran Samantha Flachbart peter Jahns Tabea Eser Stefan Geimer Seren Husted andreas p.m. weber Dario Leister Anja Schneider Biochemie der pflanzen Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS) Heinrich-Heine-University Di3sseldorf 40225 Desseldorf Germany molekularbiologie der pflanzen (Botanik) Department Biologie I Ludwig-Maximilians-University Mernchen 82152 Martinsried Germany Department of plant and Environmental Sciences and Copenhagen plant Science Centre (CpSC) Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg Denmark Zellbiologie/Elektronenmikroskopie NW I/B1 Universit&t Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth Germany These authors contributed equally to this article.

The transition metal manganese （mn） is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth since photosystem II （pSII） employs an inorganic mn4CaOs cluster for water splitting. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis membrane protein CHLOROpLAST mANGANESE TRANSpORTER1 （CmT1） is involved in chloroplast mn homeostasis. CmT1 is the closest homolog of the previously characterized thylakoid mn transporter pHOTOSYNTHESIS-AFFECTED mUTANT71 （p.m.1）. In contrast to p.m.1, CmT1 resides at the chloro- plast envelope and is ubiquitously expressed. Nonetheless, like p.m.1, the expression of CmT1 can also alleviate the mn-sensitive phenotype of yeast mutant qomrl. The cmtl mutant is severely suppressed in growth, chloroplast ultrastructure, and pSII activity owing to a decrease in the amounts of pigments and thylakoid membrane proteins. The importance of CmT1 for chloroplast mn homeostasis is demonstratedby the significant reduction in chloroplast mn concentrations in cmtl-1, which exhibited reduced mn binding in pSII complexes. moreover, CmT1 expression is downregulated in mn-surplus conditions. The p.m.1 cmtl-ldouble mutant resembles the cmtl-f single mutant rather than pare71 in most respects. Taken together, our results suggest that CmT1 mediates mn2 uptake into the chloroplast stroma, and that CmT1 and p.m.1 function sequentially in mn delivery to pSII across the chloroplast envelope and the thylakoid membrane.

关键词： manganese transporter envelope chloroplast photosynthesis Arabidopsis

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Food intolerance and the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1729-1738页

作者： Klaus W.Lange andreas Reissmann Yukiko Nakamura Katharina m.Lange Faculty of Human Sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany Department of psychology University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom

The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)*** rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic *** oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be ***,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the ***,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of *** advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain *** effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to *** evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further *** large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.

关键词： Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Food intolerance Few-foods diet Etiology Treatment

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Snapshot imaging of ultrashort electron bunches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1226-1228页

作者： andreas Döpp Ludwig-maximilian-Universität münchen Am Coulombwall 185748GarchingGermany max planck Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1Garching85748Germany

New measurements combine spatial and temporal information from optical transition radiation to estimate the three-dimensional structure of electron bunches from a laser wakefield accelerator.

关键词： ultrashort Snapshot electron

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Improved Quantile Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for Electric Vehicle Battery Temperature prediction

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Big Data mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 512-530页

作者： andreas m.Billert Runyao Yu Stefan Erschen michael Frey Frank Gauterin Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germanyand also with Bayerische Motoren Werke(BMW)AGMunich 80788Germany Technical University of munich(TUm) Munich 80333Germany BmW AG Munich 80788Germany KIT Institute of Vehicle System TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany

The battery thermal management of electric vehicles can be improved using neural networks predicting quantile sequences of the battery *** work extends a method for the development of Quantile Convolutional and Quantile Recurrent Neural Networks(namely Q*NN).Fleet data of 225629 drives are clustered and balanced,simulation data from 971 simulations are augmented before they are combined for training and *** Q*NN hyperparameters are optimized using an efficient Bayesian optimization,before the Q*NN models are compared with regression and quantile regression models for four *** analysis of point-forecast and quantile-related metrics shows the superior performance of the novel Q*NN *** median predictions of the best performing model achieve an average RmSE of 0.66°C and R^(2) of *** predicted 0.99 quantile covers 98.87%of the true values in the test *** conclusion,this work proposes an extended development and comparison of Q*NN models for accurate battery temperature prediction.

关键词： deep learning battery temperature convolutional and recurrent neural network quantile forecasting

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Diagnostic approaches for cholangiocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4131-4136页

作者： andreas weber Roland m Schmid Christian prinz Department of Internal medicine Ⅱ Technical University of MunichMunich 81675Germany

Cholangiocarcinomas arise from the epithelial cells of the bile ducts and are associated with poor prognosis. Despite new diagnostic approaches, the definite diagnosis of this malignancy continues to be challenging. Cholangiocarcinomas often grow longitudinally along the bile duct rather than in a radial direction. Thus, large tumor masses are frequently absent and imaging techniques, including ultrasound, CT, and mRI have only limited sensitivity. Tissue collection during endoscopic (ERCp) and/or percutaneous transhepatic (pTC) procedures are usually used to confirm a definitive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. However, forceps biopsy and brush cytology provide positive results for malignancy in about only 50% of patients. percutaneous and peroral cholangioscopy using fiber-optic techniques were therefore developed for direct visualization of the biliary tree, yielding additional information about endoscopic appearance and tumor extension, as well as a guided biopsy acquistion. Finally, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) complements endoscopic and percutaneous approaches and may provide a tissue diagnosis of tumors in the biliary region through fine-needle aspiration. In the future, new techniques allowing for early detection, including molecular markers, should be developed to improve the diagnostic sensitivity in this increasing tumor entity.

关键词： Diagnosis Brush cytology Forceps biopsy Cholangiocarcinoma

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