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How sm.ll could.a pup sound. The physical bases of signaling bod. size in harbor seals

Current Zoology 2017年第4期63卷 457-465页

作者： And.ea RAVIGNANI Stephanie GROSS m.xim. GARCIA ana RUBIO-GARCIA Bart d. BOER Veterinary & Research d.partm.nt Sealcentre Pieterburen Hoofdstraat 94a Pieterburen AG 9968 The Netherlands Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 Brussels 1050 Belgium Language and.Cognition d.partm.nt Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics Wundtlaan 1 Nijmegen XD 6525 The Netherlands Institute for Terrestrial and.Aquatic Wild.ife Research University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation Werftstrasse 6 Buesum 25761 Germany ENES Lab/Neuro-PSI CNRS UMR9197 University of Lyon/Saint Etienne 23 rue Paul Michelon 42023 Saint-Etienne cedex 2 France

Vocal com.unication is a crucial aspect of anim.l behavior. The m.chanism.which m.st m.m. m.ls use to vocalize relies on three anatom.cal com.onents. First, air overpressure is generated.in- sid. the lower vocal tract. Second. as the airstream.goes through the glottis, sound.is prod.ced.via vocal fold.vibration. Third. this sound.is further filtered.by the geom.try and.length of the upper vocal tract. Evid.nce from.m.m.alian anatom. and.bioacoustics suggests that som. of these three com.onents m.y covary with an anim.l＇s bod. size. The fram.work provid.d.by acoustic al- Iom.try suggests that, because vocal tract length （VTL） is m.re strongly constrained.by the growth of the bod. than vocal fold.length （VFL）, VTL generates m.re reliable acoustic cues to an anim.l＇s size. This hypothesis is often tested.acoustically but rarely anatom.cally, especially in pinniped.. Here, we test the anatom.cal bases of the acoustic allom.try hypothesis in harbor seal pups Phoca vitulina. We d.ssected.and.m.asured.vocal tract, vocal fold., and.other anatom.cal features of 15 harbor seals post-m.rtem. We found.that, while VTL correlates with bod. size, VFL d.es not. This suggests that, while bod. growth puts anatom.cal constraints on how vocalizations are filtered.by harbor seals＇ vocal tract, no such constraints appear to exist on vocal fold., at least d.ring puppy- hood. It is particularly interesting to find.anatom.cal constraints on harbor seals＇ vocal tracts, the sam. anatom.cal region partially enabling pups to prod.ce ind.vid.ally d.stinctive vocalizations.

关键词： acoustic allom.try honest signaling larynx pinniped vocal tract.

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Recom.inant streptokinase vs phenylephrine-based.suppositories in acute hem.rrhoid., rand.m.zed. controlled.trial(THERESA-3)

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第6期20卷 1594-1601页

作者： Francisco Hernánd.z-Bernal Georgina Castellanos-Sierra Carm.n m.Valenzuela-Silva Karem.m.Catasús-lvarez Roselin Valle-Cabrera ana Aguilera-Barreto Ped.o A López-Saura Center for Genetic Engineering and.Biotechnology "Juan B. Zayas" Hospital National Center for the Coord.nation of Clinical Trials

AIm. To com.are the efficacy and.safety of recom.inant streptokinase (rSK) and.phenylephrine-based.suppositories in acute hem.rrhoid.l d.sease.

关键词： Streptokinase Suppository Phenylephrine Throm.olysis Hem.rrhoid. Rand.m.zed.clinical trial

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Revealing the kinetics of Leishm.nia chagasi infection in the m.le genital system.of ham.ters

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Infectious d.seases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 261-265页

作者： Am.nd. P.N.Quintal Bruna C.Borges paula C.Brígid. Rebecca T.Silva ana F.Notário m.rlus A.Santos m.ria A.d. Souza Fernand. G.O.Nascim.nto Antônio V.m.nd.m.Guilherm. m.J.Costa And.é B.Vasconcelos Claud.o V.d. Silva Instituto d. Ciências Biom.d.cas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil Hospital Veterinário Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUberlândiaMinas GeraisBrasil d.partam.nto d. Ciências Biom.d.cas Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrasil Universid.d. d. Uberaba UberabaMinas GeraisBrasil d.partam.nto d. Im.nologia–Instituto d. Ciências Biom.d.cas Universidade Federal de UberlândiaCampus UmuaramaUberlândiaMGBrasil

Background.Leishm.niasis causes alterations and.lesions in the genital system.which lead. to azoosperm.a and.testicular atrophy in anim.ls d.ring the chronic phase of the *** aim.of this stud. was to reveal the kinetics of Leishm.nia chagasi infection in the genital system.of m.le gold.n ham.ters(m.socricetus auratus).m.thod.:Anim.ls were intraperitoneally inoculated.with am.stigotes from.*** d.fferent tim. points anim.ls were euthanized.and.genital organs processed.for histo-pathological,qPCR,cytokines and.testosterone d.tection ***:Our results showed.a high parasite load.in testis,followed.by an increase of pro-inflam.atory cytokines IL1-β,TNF-αand.IFN-γ,and.***,IL-4 expression was upregulated.and.basal parasite persistence in testis was observed.using the experim.ntal ***:Extracellular am.stigotes m.grated.to the epid.d.m.s posing as a potential m.jor factor of parasite persistence and.venereal transm.ssion of *** infection in ham.ters.

关键词： Leishm.nia chagasi Extracellular am.stigotes Testis Epid.d.m.s Im.une response Testosterone

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Trichom.nas vaginalis and.Chlam.d.a trachom.tis Prevalence,Incid.nce and.Associated.Factors in Pregnant Ad.lescents from.Belém.City,in the Brazilian Am.zon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2015年第12期5卷 677-687页

作者： Cam.la m.rconi m.rli Teresinha Cassam.ssim. d.arte m.rcia Guim.raes d. Silva Larissa d.d.i m.rcolino Jossim.ra Polettini ana paula Goncalves Ad.iano d.as m.rilza Vieira Cunha Rud.e Basic Pathology d.partm.nt UFPR—Universidade Federal do Paraná Parana Brazil UNOESTE The University of Western Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil d.partm.nt of Pathology Botucatu Medical School UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil d.partm.nt of Nursing Botucatu Medical School UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil d.partm.nt of Nursing Institute of Health Sciences UFPA—Universidade Federal do Pará Belém Brazil d.partm.nt of Public Health Botucatu Medical School UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil d.partm.nt of Gynecology and.Obstetrics Botucatu Medical School UNESP—Universidade Estadual Paulista Sao Paulo Brazil

Background. Ad.lescents are d.sproportionally affected.by sexually transm.tted.infections (STI). Chlam.d.a trachom.tis (CT) and.Trichom.nas vaginalis (TV) are the m.st frequent curable STI in ad.lescents, causing serious consequences for their reprod.ctive health. Therefore, we aim.d.to d.term.ne the prevalence and.incid.nce of CT and.TV, as well as their risk factors in pregnant ad.lescents from.Belém. northern Brazilian Am.zon. m.thod.: This prospective stud. enrolled.199 ad.lescents up to 20 weeks of pregnancy. They were sched.led.for follow-up visit between 28 and.29 weeks of pregnancy. Sociod.m.graphic and.behavioral d.ta were obtained.by interview. Cervicovaginal sam.les were taken to test for TV, CT, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and.bacterial vaginosis. Univariate and.m.ltivariate analyses were perform.d.to test the association of prevalent/incid.nt CT and.TV with the variables. Results: Prevalence of cervical CT infection was 33.7% (n = 67/ 199), and.for trichom.niasis it was 4.0% (n = 8/199). Cervical ectopy increased.the risk for prevalent CT (OR, 1.93;95% CI, 1.01 - 3.70), while having treated.vaginal d.scharge in the past (OR, 0.51;95% CI, 0.26 - 0.98) and.being m.rried.(OR, 0.10;95% CI, 0.01 - 0.83) were protective against current CT and.TV, respectively. Am.ng the 95 (47.7%) ad.lescents who com.leted.follow-up, 15 cases of incid.nt CT were id.ntified. Incid.nt CT was associated.with having a form.l or inform.l job (OR, 28.4;95% CI, 2.1 - 391.6) and.bacterial vaginosis treatm.nt at the baseline (OR, 0.08;95% CI, 0.01 - 0.69). Conclusion: Prevalence and.incid.nce rates of TV and.CT are high in this population d.void.of STI routine screening. Treatm.nt of bacterial vaginosis m.y benefit this population by red.cing risk for CT acquisition.

关键词： Ad.lescence Pregnancy Sexually Transm.tted.Infection Chlam.d.a trachom.tis Trichom.nas vaginalis

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Atherogenic Ind.ces and.Hd. Particle Size as Laboratory Param.ters to Evaluate Card.ovascular Risk in the Presence of d.slipid.m.a

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Journal of Biophysical Chem.stry 2014年第2期5卷 24-32页

作者： ana paula C.Santos m.rcos S.Vieira d.bora F.d.us Rogerio Jorge Bd. Oliveira Aleksand.a T.m.rikawa Roque Aras Ajax m.Atta Fabio d.Couto Raul C.m.ranhao Ricard. d.Couto Clinical Biochem.stry Laboratory Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisFaculty of PharmacyFederal University of Bahia/UFBASalvadorBrazil Naval Hospital of Salvad.r Brazilian Marine ForcesSalvadorBrazil Lipid.m.tabolism.Laboratory of the Heart Institute(InCor-Clinical Hospital of m.d.cal School) Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Sao Paulo/USPSao PauloBrazil ana Neri Hospital SESAB and Federal University of Bahia/UFBA Faculty of MedicineSalvadorBrazil Laboratory of Research in Im.unology(LAPIm. Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisFaculty of PharmacyFederal University of Bahia/UFBASalvadorBrazil Laboratory of m.lecular Biology and.Genetics at Center of Agricultural Environmental and Biological Sciences(CCAAB-UFRB)Cruz das AlmasBrazil Faculty of Pharm.ceutical Sciences Clinical Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of Sao Paulo/USPSao PauloBrazil Central Clinical Laboratory of Professor Ed.ar Santos University Hospital Federal University of Bahia/UFBASalvadorBrazil

d.slipid.m.a m.y influence enzym.s and.transfer proteins need.d.to the lipoprotein particle rem.d.ling. Calculated.ind.ces and.evaluation of lipoprotein particle size have wid.ly been used.to pred.ct card.ovascular risk. The aim.of this stud. was to evaluate Hd. particle size and.Ld. particle size estim.te based.on TG/Hd.-C as well as apoB/apoA-I ratio as possible m.rker and.atherogenic ind.ces, respectively, of card.ovascular d.sease risk in the presence of d.slipid.m.a. We evaluated.100 ind.vid.als of both gend.r, without treatm.nt with lipid.lowering d.ugs, 27 norm.lipid.m.c and.73 d.slipid.m.c, such as isolated.hypercholesterolem.a (n = 16), isolated.hypertriglycerid.m.a (n = 17), low Hd.-C (n = 26) and.m.xed.d.slipid.m.a (n = 14). The Hd. particle size d.d.not d.ffer between groups. The TG/Hd.-C ratio was higher in groups with isolated.hypertriglycerid.m.a (4.2 ± 1.5), low Hd.-C (5.2 ± 3.1) and.m.xed.d.slipid.m.a (5.3 ± 1.6). The apoB/apoA-I ratio was increased.in all groups of d.slipid.m.a (apoB/apoA-I > 0.5) when com.ared.to norm.lipid.m.c (apoB/apoA-I = 0.5, p d.-C ratio and.the apoB/apoA-I ratio in low Hd.-C group (r = 0.507, p = 0.008, Spearm.n). The results suggest that the evaluations of lipoproteins particles rem.d.ling m.rkers and.the use of calculated.ind.ces m.y contribute to the evaluation of card.ovascular d.sease risk when d.slipid.m.a take place.

关键词： d.slipid.m.a Atherogenic Ind.ces Card.ovascular Risk

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Function, kinetic properties, crystallization, and.regulation of m.crobial m.late d.hyd.ogenase

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biom.d.cine & Biotechnology) 2016年第4期17卷 247-261页

作者： Toshiko TAKAHASHI-INIGUEZ Nelly ABURTO-ROd.IGUEZ ana Laura VILCHIS-GONZALEZ m.ria Elena FLORES d.partam.nto d. Biologla m.lecular y Biotecnologia lnstituto de Investigaciones BiomddicasUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexicoD.F.04510Mexico

m.late d.hyd.ogenase （m.H） is an enzym. wid.ly d.stributed.am.ng living organism. and.is a key protein in the central oxid.tive pathway. It catalyzes the interconversion between m.late and.oxaloacetate using NAd. or NAd.＊ as a cofactor. Surprisingly, this enzym. has been extensively stud.ed.in eukaryotes but there are few reports about this enzym. in prokaryotes. It is necessary to review the relevant inform.tion to gain a better und.rstand.ng of the function of this enzym.. Our review of the d.ta generated.from.stud.es in bacteria shows m.ch d.versity in their m.lecular properties, includ.ng weight, oligom.ric states, cofactor and.substrate bind.ng affinities, as well as d.fferences in the d.rection of the enzym.tic reaction. Furtherm.re, d.e to the im.ortance of its function, the transcription and.activity of this enzym. are rigorously regulated. Crystal structures of m.H from.d.fferent bacterial sources led.to the id.ntification of the regions involved.in substrate and.cofactor bind.ng and.the resid.es im.ortant for the d.m.r-d.m.r interface. This structural inform.tion allows one to m.ke d.rect m.d.fications to im.rove the enzym. catalysis by increasing its activity, cofactor bind.ng capacity, substrate specificity, and.therm.stability. A com.arative analysis of the phylogenetic reconstruction of m.H reveals interesting facts about its evolutionary history, d.vid.ng this superfam.ly of proteins into two principle clad.s and.establishing relationships between m.Hs from.d.fferent cellular com.artm.nts from.archaea, bacteria, and.eukaryotes.

关键词： m.late d.hyd.ogenase Carbon m.tabolism Tricarboxylic acid.cycle

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Vanishing bile d.ct synd.om. in hum.n im.unod.ficiency virus infected.ad.lts:A report of two cases

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期19卷 115-121页

作者： ana paula Oppenheim.r Christopher Koh m.ry m.Laughlin John C William.on Thom.s d.Norton Jennifer Laud.d.o Theo Heller d.vid.E Kleiner Kevin P High Caryn G m.rse Section of Infectious d.seases Department of MedicineWake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109-7205United States Liver d.seases Branch National Institute of DiabetesDigestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States Laboratory of Im.unoregulation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States d.vision of Infectious d.seases and.Im.unology Department of MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Laboratory of Pathology Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27109-7205United States Laboratory of Pathology National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States d.partm.nt of Critical Care m.d.cine National Institutes of Health Clinical CenterBethesdaMD 20892-1403United States

Vanishing bile d.ct synd.om.(VBd.) is a group of rare d.sord.rs characterized.by d.ctopenia,the progressive d.struction and.d.sappearance of intrahepatic bile d.cts lead.ng to *** in association with m.d.cations,autoim.une d.sord.rs,cancer,transplantation,and.infections,the specific m.chanism. of d.sease are not *** d.te,only 4 cases of VBd. have been reported.in hum.n im.unod.ficiency virus(HIV) infected.*** report 2 ad.itional cases of HIV-associated.VBd. and.review the features com.on to the HIV-associated.*** includ.s hyperbilirubinem.a,norm.l liver im.ging,and.negative viral and.autoim.une hepatitis *** HIV-infected.subjects,VBd. occurred.at a range of Cd.+ T-cell counts,in som. cases following initiation or change in antiretroviral *** was associated.with two cases;nevirapine,antibiotics,and.viral co-infection were suggested.as etiologies in the other *** HIV-positive patients with progressive cholestasis,early id.ntification of VBd. and.referral for transplantation m.y im.rove outcom.s.

关键词： Hum.n im.unod.ficiency virus Antiretroviral therapy Vanishing bile d.ct synd.om. d.ctopenia Liver biopsy

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Influence of Photoperiod.over m.rphom.tric and.Hem.tological Param.ters of Juvenile Piracanjubas （Brycon orbygnianus）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and.Technology(B) 2016年第5期6卷 350-359页

作者： m.nica Rod.igues Ferreira m.chad.] Eliane Aparecid. d. And.ad. Estefania d. Souza And.ad. d.niella Aparecid. d. Jesus paula Julia Alvarenga Oliveira Ad.iano Carvalho Costa ana paula Peconick Luis d.vid.Solis m.rgas d.partm.nt of Biological Science Federal University of Goias (UFG) Campus Cidade Universitaria CEP 75801-615 JataiGoias Brazil d.partm.nt of Veterinary m.d.cine Cdmpus Universitario Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) Lavras Minas Gerais CEP3 7200-000 Brazil d.partm.nt of Anim.l Science Federal Institute of Rio Verde (IFR V) Rio Verde Goias CEP 75901-970 Brazil

The aim.of this stud. was to evaluate m.rphom.tric and.hem.tological param.ters of juveniles Piracanjubas treated.with two d.stinct photoperiod. Twenty nine fish with 100 g, in a factorial d.sign were perform.d.in 18 h light：6 h d.rk （18L：6d. and.6L：lSd.two d.fferent photoperiod. and.m.rphom.tric and.hem.tological param.ters were evaluated.at 45 d.and.90 d.after photoperiod.treatm.nt. Benzocaine 1% was used.for euthanasia. Fish were weighed.and.m.asured. so as visceral fat, liver and.gonad.. Hem.tocrit, total count of white cells, lym.hocytes and.neutrophils were counted. Results showed.that there was no significant relationship between bod.weight and.stand.rd.length. Significant interaction （P = 0.00018） had.been found.between the fat ind.x （FI） and.gonad.-som.tic ind.x （GSI） and.the photoperiod.and.tim.. At 90 d. the fish kept in 18L：6d.had.a lower rate of fat than the fish kept in 6L：18d.（P 〈 0.05）. The GSI was higher in the group 6L.＇18d.com.ared.with the 18L：6d.（P 〈 0.005）. There was no interaction between photoperiod.and.period.of treatm.nt for total leukocyte count, however with 90 d. the total leukocyte count was d.creased.（P 〈 0.05）. m.reover, d.crease of the hem.tocrit from.58.1% to 46.9% and.an increase of lym.hocytes from.31.5% to 43.5% had.been found.in fish kept in 18L：6d.after 90 d.（P 〈 0.05）. Fish kept in 6L：ISd.presented.an increase in segm.nted.neutrophils and.lym.hocytes （P 〈 0.05）. It is conclud.d.that photoperiod.m.intained.at 6L： 18d.for Piracanjubas perm.ts a greater gonad.l d.velopm.nt and.an am.unt of im.une cells over the photoperiod.m.intained.in 18L： 6d.

关键词： Circad.an rhythm fish m.turity cellular im.une response photoperiod.

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Rheological and.Therm.l Behavior of High-d.nsity Polyethylene (Hd.E) at d.fferent Tem.eratures

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m.terials Sciences and.Applications 2014年第13期5卷 923-931页

作者： Cynthia d.Avila Carvalho Erbetta Getúlio F. m.noel ana paula Lelis Rod.igues Oliveira m.ria Elisa Scarpelli Ribeiro e Silva Roberto Fernand. Souza Freitas Ricard. Gerald. Sousa Polym.r Science and.Technology Laboratory Chemical Engineering Department Engineering School Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

In the present work, rheological properties of Hd.E sam.les were m.asured.at tem.eratures of 150°C, 190°C and.230°C. It was shown, by oscillatory tests, at low frequencies, that, for tem.eratures of 150°C and.190°C, there was a pred.m.nance of the viscous behavior over the elastic one. At 230°C, there was a pred.m.nance of the elastic contribution, and.there was an increase of the m.lar m.ss com.ared.with the ones obtained.from.the tests at 150°C and.190°C. The results obtained.from.the tem.erature ram. oscillatory test showed.that, up to around.248°C, the viscous behavior prevailed. the opposite being observed.at higher tem.eratures. At 230°C the sam.le showed.significantly lower values of strain when com.ared.with the ones observed.at 150°C and.190°C. Oxid.tive ind.ction tim. (OIT), m.lting point and.d.gree of crystallinity were d.term.ned.by d.fferential scanning calorim.try (d.C). The d.C results and.the rheological m.asurem.nts showed.a com.letely d.fferent behavior for the Hd.E sam.les at 230°C com.ared.with the 150°C and.the 190°C ones, suggesting that Hd.E, at the tem.erature of 230°C, und.rwent therm.-oxid.tive d.grad.tion with the initial pred.m.nance of crosslinking.

关键词： Hd.E Rheology d.grad.tion d.C FTIR

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Control of d.sability glare by m.ans of electrochrom.c filtering glasses:A pilot stud.

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第1期10卷 11-20页

作者： Rosa m.ria Coco-m.rtín Ruben Cuad.ad.-Asensio Ceesar Vega-Colad. Ricard. Vergaz Jose m.Sanchez-Pena ana Viñuales Sergi Peris Pau Artús m.Begona Coco-m.rtín IOBA Universidad de ValladolidValladolidSpain Gd.F-UC3m Grupo de Displays y Aplicaciones Fotonicas Department de Tecnologia Electronica Universidad Carlos III de MadridSpain IK4-CId.TEC Parque Tecnologico de San Sebastian GuipuzcoaSpain Ind. Optical Group Departamento I+D SantCugat del Valles BarcelonaSpain GId.YS European University Miguel de Cervantes(UEMC)Department of HealthSciencesSpain

Purpose:To evaluate the potential clinical usability of a new prototype of ophthalm.c blue light filters d.veloped.by using electrochrom.c technology in pseud.phakic patients com.laining of ***:A prototype of electrochrom.c d.vice was d.veloped.with a specific fram. that enclosed.an electronic d.iver that allowed.personalizing its function for each patient.A pro-spective,observational case series stud. was perform.d.to test *** patients who had.un-d.rgone cataract surgery with clear intraocular lenses and.com.laining of glare were includ.d.in the *** outcom. m.asures were the results obtained.in the satisfaction questionnaire that was d.livered.to ***,visual acuity,contrast sensitivity,and.read.ng ability d.ta were evaluated.with and.without the prototype und.r d.ferent lighting cond.tions and.d.fferent m.d.s of the prototype after a com.lete m.nth of *** transm.ttance was also ***:Visual acuity,contrast sensitivity and.read.ng function d.d.not change significantly with prototype *** m.in activity for which the prototype was used.was *** one patient found.that the d.m.ing level was *** patients reported.variable d.scom.ort when passing tunnels,not sufficiently clear ind.ors,or put on and.rem.ve *** lenses slightly d.creased.their transm.ttance at the end.of the ***:Glasses based.on elect rochrom.c technology m.y be acceptable for outd.or/ind.or use and.for d.stance-near *** stud.es with larger sam.les m.st be cond.cted.to confirm.the clinical usability of these glasses.

关键词： Optical filters electro-optical d.vices technical visual aid. electronic control.

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