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Transcriptomic and pathological profiling of a new congenic mouse model with Lepr mutation:Evaluating susceptibility to the development of obesity and NAFLD

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 34-38页

作者： mj mahesh Kumar shailendra Arindkar masum saini Perumal Nagarajan National Institute of Immunology New Delhi 100067India Center for Cellular and molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007India Regional Center for Biotechnology Faridabad 121001India

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2Dm)are two disease conditions for which obesity is a risk factor.^(1)Due to the close relationship between the three pathologies,researchers frequently use the same mouse models to identify the underlying processes of obesity,NAFLD,and *** instance,leptin(Lep)-null(ob/ob)and leptin receptor(Lepr)-deficient(db/db)mice spontaneously develop NAFLD and show different phenotypes of extreme obesity and diabetes,respectively.

关键词： obesity NAFLD Lep

Impact of microstructural and surface modifications on the Ti-45Nb Alloy’s Response to Bio-Environment

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Acta metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1215-1230页

作者： Ivana Cvijović-Alagić slađana Laketić milošmomčilović Jovan Ciganović Jelena Bajat Vesna Kojić Vinča Institute of Nuclear sciences-National Institute of the Republic of serbia University of BelgradeMike Petrovića Alasa 12-1411000BelgradeSerbia Faculty of Technology and metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411000BelgradeSerbia Oncology Institute of Vojvodina Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Novi SadPut Doktora Goldmana 4Sremska Kamenica21204Sremska KamenicaSerbia

The Ti-45Nb (mass%) alloy’s corrosive and biocompatible response in simulated physiological conditions was investigated before and after its additional high-pressure torsion (HPT) and laser irradiation processing. The grain size reduction from 2.76 µm to ~ 200 nm and the appearance of laser-induced morphologically altered and highly oxidized surface led to the significant improvement of alloy corrosion resistance and cell–implant interaction. moreover, an additional increase of the laser pulse energy from 5 to 15 mj during the alloy irradiation in the air led to an increase in the surface oxygen content from 13.64 to 23.89% accompanied by an increase of excellent cell viability from 127.18 to 134.42%. As a result of the controlled alloy microstructural and surface modifications, the formation of protective bi-modal mixed Ti- and Nb-oxide external scale was enabled. The presence of this surface oxide scale enhanced the alloy’s resistance to corrosion deterioration and simultaneously boosted cell viability and proliferation.

关键词： Ti-45Nb alloy High-pressure torsion Laser surface scanning Corrosion resistance Biocompatible properties

Development of an experimental method for well-controlled blast induced traumatic limb fracture in rats

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 168-176页

作者： Luyang Xu Xiancheng Yu Clement DFavier Ibidumo Igah Thuy-Tien Nguyen Warren macdonald Anthony mj.Bull Centre for Blast Injury studies Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Dyson school of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Royal Free London National Health Service Foundation TrustLondonUnited Kingdom

Heterotopic ossification(HO)is a consequence of traumatic bone and tissue damage,which occurs in 65%of military casualties with blast-associated ***,the mechanisms behind blast-induced HO remain *** models are used to study blast-induced HO,but developing such models is challenging,particularly in how to use a pure blast wave(primary blast)to induce limb fracture that then requires an *** studies,including our recent study,have developed platforms to induce limb fractures in rats with blast loading or a mixture of blast and impact ***,these models are limited by the survivability of the animal and repeatability of the *** this study,we developed an improved platform,aiming to improve the animal's survivability and injury repeatability as well as focusing on primary blast *** platform exposed only one limb of the rat to a blast wave while providing proper protection to the rest of the rat's *** obtained very consistent fracture outcome in the tibia(location and pattern)in cadaveric rats with a large range of size and ***,the rats did not obviously move during the test,where movement is a potential cause of uncontrolled *** further conducted parametric studies by varying the features of the design of the *** factors,such as how the limb is fixed and how the cavity through which the limb is placed is sealed,significantly affect the resulting *** platform and test setups enable well-controlled limb fracture induced directly by pure blast wave,which is the fundamental step towards a complete in vivo animal model for blast-induced HO induced by primary blast alone,excluding secondary and tertiary blast *** addition,the platform design and the findings presented here,particularly regarding the proper protection of the animal,have implications for future studies investigating localized blast injuries,such as blast induced brain and lung injuries.

关键词： Blast injury Biomechanics Heterotopic ossification Limb fracture Blast wave Animal model

Non-enzymatic methods for isolation of stromal vascular fraction and adipose-derived stem cells:A systematic review

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World Journal of methodology 2024年第2期14卷 134-144页

作者： Vamsi Krishna mundluru mj Naidu Ravi Teja mundluru Naveen Jeyaraman sathish muthu swaminathan Ramasubramanian madhan Jeyaraman Department of Orthopaedics MJ Naidu Super Speciality HospitalVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Regenerative medicine StemC ClinicsVijayawada 520002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr.MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Orthopaedic Research GroupCoimbatore 641045Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalKarur 639004Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore 641021Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells(ADsCs)and the stromal vascular fraction(sVF)have garnered substantial interest in regenerative medicine due to their potential to treat a wide range of *** enzymatic methods for isolating these cells face challenges such as high costs,lengthy processing time,and regulatory *** This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and practicality of nonenzymatic,mechanical methods for isolating sVF and ADsCs,comparing these to conventional enzymatic *** Following the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and meta-analyses guidelines,a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple *** were selected based on inclusion criteria focused on non-enzymatic isolation methods for sVF and ADsCs from adipose *** risk of bias was assessed,and a qualitative synthesis of findings was performed due to the methodological heterogeneity of the included *** Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria,highlighting various mechanical techniques such as centrifugation,vortexing,and ultrasonic *** review identified significant variability in cell yield and viability,and the integrity of isolated cells across different non-enzymatic methods compared to enzymatic *** some advantages of mechanical methods,including reduced processing time and avoidance of enzymatic reagents,the evidence suggests a need for optimization to match the cell quality and therapeutic efficacy achievable with enzymatic *** Non-enzymatic,mechanical methods offer a promising alternative to enzymatic isolation of sVF and ADsCs,potentially simplifying the isolation process and reducing regulatory ***,further research is necessary to standardize these techniques and ensure consistent,high-quality cell yields for clinical *** development of efficient,safe,and reproducible non-enzymatic isolation methods could signi

关键词： Adipose-derived stem cells stromal vascular fraction Regenerative medicine Non-enzymatic isolation mechanical separation techniques

Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjamin m.Knight Connor m.Gautam Colton R.stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph R.smith Chris m.Orban Juan J.manfredi Kyle D.Frische michael L.Dexter Enam A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Department of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Department Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of materials science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mj, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 mj, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m) D_2O liquid sheet employing a measurement suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm^(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system produces deuterium±deuterium(D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a measurement suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrimination, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Time-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 meV. Particle-in-cell simulations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-demand test bed for radiation hardening and imaging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasma interaction liquid target neutron detectors

Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： J.A.Liu s.J.Liu B.Wang W.B.sun X.J.Liu Z.W.Han College of materials science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-Jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPsO phase(mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30mPa to 9.23 mPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 mj/m^(3)to 10.97 mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

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激光诱导放电等离子体极紫外光源的研究

中国激光 2024年第7期51卷 172-179页

作者：王均武玄洪文王新兵 Vassily s.Zakharov 广东大湾区空天信息研究院广东广州510530 武汉国家光电研究中心湖北武汉430074 中国科学院大学北京100049 俄罗斯研究中心库尔恰托夫研究所俄罗斯莫斯科125047

极紫外光源在半导体制造中的掩模检测、显微成像以及光谱计量等环节中有着重要的应用。激光诱导放电等离子体是产生极紫外光源的重要技术手段之一,搭建了一套二氧化碳激光诱导放电产生锡等离子体的实验装置,对产生的极紫外光谱进行了收... 详细信息

极紫外光源在半导体制造中的掩模检测、显微成像以及光谱计量等环节中有着重要的应用。激光诱导放电等离子体是产生极紫外光源的重要技术手段之一,搭建了一套二氧化碳激光诱导放电产生锡等离子体的实验装置,对产生的极紫外光谱进行了收集探测,并结合辐射磁流体动力学模拟对极紫外的辐射特性进行了分析。实验对比了激光等离子体和放电等离子体的极紫外辐射特性的区别,发现放电电压对激光诱导放电等离子体极紫外光的带内辐射强度有着重要影响。模拟发现,当电压为15 kV时,极紫外辐射总能量达到65.0 mj,转化效率达到0.23%,光谱纯度达到1.69%。

关键词：激光光学激光诱导放电等离子体极紫外光辐射磁流体动力学转化效率

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Hip prosthetic loosening and periprosthetic osteolysis:A commentary

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第6期13卷 574-577页

作者： Bengt mjöberg Department of Orthopedics Lund UniversityLund SE-22100Sweden

Prosthetic loosening and periprosthetic osteolysis have been debated for decades,both in terms of the timing and nature of the triggering *** hypothesis of wear-particle-induced loosening states that wear particles cause a foreign-body response leading to periprosthetic osteolysis and ultimately to late prosthetic loosening,i.e.,that the osteolysis precedes the *** theory of early loosening,on the other hand,postulates that the loosening is already initiated during or shortly after surgery,i.e.,that the osteolysis is secondary to the *** commentary focuses on the causal relationship between prosthetic loosening and periprosthetic osteolysis.

关键词： Hip prosthesis Radiostereometric analysis Prosthesis failure Osteoclasts Bone resorption Alarmins

Carbon capture for decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries:a comparative review of techno-economic feasibility of solid looping cycles

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 1291-1317页

作者： mónica P.s.santos Dawid P.Hanak Energy and Power School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityBedfordshire MK430ALUK

Carbon capture and storage will play a crucial role in industrial ***,the current literature presents a large variability in the techno-economic feasibility of CO_(2)capture ***,reliable pathways for carbon capture deployment in energyintensive industries are still *** work provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art CO_(2)capture technologies for decarbonisation of the iron and steel,cement,petroleum refining,and pulp and paper *** scrubbing was shown to be the least feasible option,resulting in the average avoided CO_(2)cost of between 62.7∈t_(CO_(2))^(-1)for the pulp and paper and 104.6∈t_(CO_(2))^(-1)for the iron and steel *** average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.7(iron and steel)and 5.1mj_(th)·kg_(CO_(2))^(-1)(cement).Retrofits of emerging calcium looping were shown to improve the overall viability of CO_(2)capture for industrial *** looping was shown to result in the average avoided CO_(2)cost of between 32.7(iron and steel)and 42.9(cement).Its average equivalent energy requirement varied between 2.0(iron and steel)and 3.7(pulp and paper).such performance demonstrated the superiority of calcium looping for industrial *** work should focus on standardising the techno-economic assessment of technologies for industrial decarbonisation.

关键词： industrial CO_(2)emissions CCs deployment carbonate looping net-zero industry carbon capture benchmarks