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How aromatic dissolved organic matter differs in competitiveness against organic micropollutant adsorption

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 92-102页

作者： Qi Wang Oliver JLechtenfeld Luuk CRietveld Jonas Schuster Mathias Ernst Roberta Hofman-Caris Jan Kaesler Chunmiao Wang min yang Jianwei Yu Frederik Zietzschmann Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences100085BeijingChina Delft University of Technology Department of Water ManagementPO Box 50482600GADelftthe Netherlands Department of Analytical Chemistry Research Group BioGeoOmicsHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZPermoserstr.1504318LeipzigGermany Berliner Wasserbetriebe LaboratoryMotardstr.3513629BerlinGermany Institute for Water Resources and Water Supply Hamburg University of TechnologyAm Schwarzenberg-Campus 321073HamburgGermany KWR Watercycle Research Institute 3433PENieuwegeinthe Netherlands ProVISCentre for Chemical Microscopy Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchUFZPermoserstr.1504318LeipzigGermany Wageningen University and Research Department of Environmental TechnologyBornse Weilanden 96708 WGWageningenthe Netherlands University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049BeijingChina

Activated carbon is employed for the adsorption of organic micropollutants(OMPs)from water,typically present in concentrations ranging from ng L1 to mg L***,the efficacy of OMP removal is considerably deteriorated due to competitive adsorption from background dissolved organic matter(DOM),present at substantially higher concentrations in mg L*** the characteristics of competitive DOM is crucial in predicting OMP adsorption efficiencies across diverse natural *** weight(MW),aromaticity,and polarity influence DOM *** the aromaticity-related metrics,such as UV254,of low MW DOM were proposed to correlate with DOM competitiveness,the method suffers from limitations in understanding the interplay of polarity and aromaticity in determining DOM ***,we elucidate the intricate influence of aromaticity and polarity in low MW DOM competition,spanning from a fraction level to a compound level,by employing direct sample injection liquid chromatography coupled with ultrahigh-resolution Fouriertransform ion cyclotron resonance mass *** exchange resin pre-treatment eliminated 93%of UV254-active DOM,predominantly aromatic and polar DOM,and only minimally alleviated DOM *** characterization revealed that nonpolar molecular formulas(constituting 26%PAC-adsorbable DOM)with medium aromaticity contributed more to the DOM *** analysis indicated that the competitiveness of highly aromatic LMW DOM compounds was strongly counterbalanced by increased *** aromaticity-derived p-p interaction cannot facilitate the competitive adsorption of hydrophilic DOM *** results underscore the constraints of depending solely on aromaticity-based approaches as the exclusive interpretive measure for DOM *** a broader context,this study demonstrates an effect-oriented DOM analysis,elucidating counterbalancing interactions of DOM molecular properties

关键词： Activated carbon Organic micropollutants Dissolved organic matter(DOM) Multi-component adsorption Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS)

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Screening antimicrobial peptides and probiotics using multiple deep learning and directed evolution strategies

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3476-3492页

作者： Yu Zhang Li-Hua Liu Bo Xu Zhiqian Zhang min yang Yiyang He Jingjing Chen yang Zhang Yucheng Hu Xipeng Chen Zitong Sun Qijun Ge Song Wu Wei Lei Kaizheng Li Hua Cui Gangzhu yang Xuemei Zhao Man Wang Jiaqi Xia Zhen Cao Ao Jiang Yi-Rui Wu Tidetron Bioworks Technology(Guangzhou)Co. Ltd.Guangzhou Qianxiang Bioworks Co.Ltd.Guangzhou 510000China Biology Department and Institute of Marine Sciences College of ScienceShantou UniversityShantou 515063China School of Basic Medical Sciences Hubei University of Science and TechnologyXianning 437100China School of Education Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China Yeasen Biotechnology(Shanghai)Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200000China School of Basic Medicine Jiamusi UniversityJiamusi 154000China

Owing to their limited accuracy and narrow applicability,current antimicrobial peptide(AMP)prediction models face obstacles in industrial *** address these limitations,we developed and improved an AMP prediction model using Comparing and Optimizing Multiple DEep Learning(COMDEL)algorithms,coupled with high-throughput AMP screening method,finally reaching an accuracy of 94.8%in test and 88%in experiment verification,surpassing other state-of-the-art *** conjunction with COMDEL,we employed the phage-assisted evolution method to screen Sortase in vivo and developed a cell-free AMP synthesis system in vitro,ultimately increasing AMPs yields to a range of 0.5-2.1 g/L within ***,by multi-omics analysis using COMDEL,we identified Lactobacillus plantarum as the most promising candidate for AMP generation among 35 edible *** this,we developed a microdroplet sorting approach and successfully screened three *** mutants,each showing a twofold increase in antimicrobial ability,underscoring their substantial industrial application values.

关键词： Antimicrobial peptide Deep learning Cell-free synthesis Probiotics L.plantarum

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Longitudinal Studies on Illness Perceptions in Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第8期8卷 37-45页

作者： Yanfei Zhang min yang Jie Yao Baohua Cao School of Nursing Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineXianyang 712046Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Breast Surgery Shaanxi Cancer HospitalXi’an 710065Shanxi ProvinceChina Department of Nursing Air Force Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032Shanxi ProvinceChina

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of longitudinal studies related to disease perception in cancer patients and to provide a reference for the improvement of disease perception in cancer ***:Using the scoping method,PubMed,Web of Science,The Cochrane Library,Medline,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP Chinese Scientific and Technical Journals Database,and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched up to July 2023 for analysis and discussion of the included ***:A total of 19 articles were included,distributed across 9 countries including China,the Netherlands,and the United Kingdom,with 8 articles published in *** study subjects included patients with breast cancer,colorectal cancer,laryngeal cancer,lung cancer,esophageal cancer,and bladder *** content covered dynamic changes in disease perception,the impact of disease perception,and the influencing factors of disease ***:The number of longitudinal studies on disease perception in cancer patients is gradually increasing and becoming more ***,issues such as a small total number of studies,single research methods,and short observation periods *** the future,it is necessary to conduct in-depth longitudinal research on disease perception in cancer patients,expand the scope of research fields,and provide more comprehensive theories to guide clinical treatment and nursing practices,ultimately improving the treatment outcomes and quality of life for cancer patients.

关键词： Illness perception Cancer Longitudinal studies Scoping review

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香荚兰浸膏的制备和酶促生香工艺优化

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保鲜与加工 2024年第8期24卷 51-57,65页

作者：杨敏云南农业大学香料研究所云南昆明650201

为探究香荚兰浸膏的酶促生香工艺,对香荚兰浸膏进行β-葡萄糖苷酶酶解并对酶解条件进行研究。以香荚兰豆荚为试材,采用乙醇为提取溶剂,索式提取法制备香荚兰浸膏。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验优化酶促生香工艺,提取物中香兰素含... 详细信息

为探究香荚兰浸膏的酶促生香工艺,对香荚兰浸膏进行β-葡萄糖苷酶酶解并对酶解条件进行研究。以香荚兰豆荚为试材,采用乙醇为提取溶剂,索式提取法制备香荚兰浸膏。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验优化酶促生香工艺,提取物中香兰素含量以高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测得。结果表明,最佳酶促生香工艺条件为:加酶量62.5 U/g,酶解温度35℃,酶解时间26 h,料液比1∶8(g/mL),该工艺条件下香荚兰浸膏中香兰素含量最高。上述结果表明酶促生香工艺可明显提高香荚兰浸膏中香兰素的含量,具有潜在的生产应用价值。

关键词：香荚兰浸膏香兰素高效液相色谱法酶促生香工艺优化

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基于问题链发展核心素养的跨学科探究式教学——原子的电子结构

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化学教育（中英文） 2024年第17期45卷 44-63页

作者：杨敏上海市上海中学上海200231

从单元课例的设计和实践出发,针对原子的电子结构单元因为复杂的物理背景和深奥的数学原理而带来的难讲、难懂的问题,探讨了如何在教学中开展基于问题链的跨学科探究,结合多角度、多层次的探究方法来实现从证据到结构模型的有效推理,还... 详细信息

从单元课例的设计和实践出发,针对原子的电子结构单元因为复杂的物理背景和深奥的数学原理而带来的难讲、难懂的问题,探讨了如何在教学中开展基于问题链的跨学科探究,结合多角度、多层次的探究方法来实现从证据到结构模型的有效推理,还原原子的电子结构理论发展的全貌。问题链为逻辑有序、推理严密的科学探究提供了连贯一体的体验;多角度、多层次的探究将实验、数学和科学认识融入实践过程中,帮助学生灵活运用多学科知识广泛地搜集证据,理解科学方法的精髓,并看到各种思想观点之间的联系,从而形成更接近于真实科学探究过程的学习体验。

关键词：问题链跨学科实验探究数学探究科学认识

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The multi-peak point phenomenon of broadband microwave reflection caused by inhomogeneous plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第7期26卷 1-11页

作者：杨敏齐凯旋杨玖文贾飒刘浩岩陈燕扬李瑾李小平 School of Aerospace Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center Taiyuan 030173People’s Republic of China Beijing Institute of Nearspace Vehicle’s Systems Engineering Beijing 100076People’s Republic of China

During spacecraft re-entry,the challenge of measuring plasma sheath parameters directly contributes to difficulties in addressing communication *** this work,we have discovered a phenomenon of multiple peaks in reflection data caused by the inhomogeneous *** results show that the multi-peak points fade away as the characteristic frequency is approached,resembling a series of gradually decreasing *** positions and quantities of these points are positively correlated with electron density,yet they show no relation to collision *** phenomenon is of significant reference value for future studies on the spatial distribution of plasmas,particularly for using microwave reflection signals in diagnosing the plasma sheath.

关键词： plasma sheath microwave reflection inhomogeneous plasma

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Major Clinical Features and Epidemic Characteristics of Erosive Vulvar Lichen Planus:A Retrospective Analysis

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 94-98页

作者： Ya-Kun Shao Kai-Lyu Sun min yang Wan Liu Yu Fu Jian-min Chang Department of Dermatology Beijing HospitalNational Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China

Objective:Vulvar lichen planus(VLP),especially erosive VLP(EVLP),seriously affects women’s physiological function and quality of life.A retrospective analysis of erosive vulvar lichen planus(EVLP)was performed to raise awareness on this chronic,deforming,and painful vulvar ***:This observational retrospective study involved 40 patients with EVLP among 1,368 patients with vulvar disease from 2017 to *** patients’vulvar clinical features and extravulvar mucosal involvement were *** patients’pain and quality of life were evaluated with the numeric rating scale and the Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI),*** characteristics were reported using frequencies and proportions for categorical *** variables are expressed as mean±standard *** association between NRS score for pain and DLQI score was analyzed by Pearson’s correlation ***:EVLP accounted for 2.9%(40/1,368)of all cases of vulvar disease,and the median age at onset was 42 *** mostly occurred on the labia minora and ***(20/40)of the patients had extravulvar mucosal ***(42.5%)patients had oral lichen planus,and seven(17.5%)patients were diagnosed with vulvovaginal-gingival *** numeric rating scale score showed that 47.5%(19/40)of patients experienced mild pain,whereas 12.5%(5/40)described the pain as ***-one patients(77.5%,31/40)had dyspareunia,and nine patients had aggravated pain after sexual *** mean DLQI score was 9.1±6.0,with 37.5%(15/40)of patients indicating that EVLP had severely affected their *** numeric rating scale score for pain was significantly correlated with the DLQI score(P=0.007).Conclusion:EVLP can affect the quality of women’s lives and cause severe deformations and painful architectural *** description of the characteristics of EVLP in this report will benefit the diagnosis and early treatment of this disease.

关键词： erosive vulvar lichen planus multiple mucosal involvement pain assessment quality of life Dermatology Life Quality Index numeric rating scale

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基于合法化语码理论视角的法律英语教材评价框架研究

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中国外语 2024年第3期21卷 77-86页

作者：杨敏王晶中国人民大学

法律英语教材中的法律职业共同体是想象的、期望中的共同体,能为学习者未来的职业身份认同提供更多可能性。教材对法律职业身份清晰、全面的呈现有利于学习者的职业社会化。本文基于合法化语码理论,围绕职业身份建构提出法律英语教材评... 详细信息

法律英语教材中的法律职业共同体是想象的、期望中的共同体,能为学习者未来的职业身份认同提供更多可能性。教材对法律职业身份清晰、全面的呈现有利于学习者的职业社会化。本文基于合法化语码理论,围绕职业身份建构提出法律英语教材评价的理论框架,运用合法化语码理论中专门性原则的认知关系和社会关系两个维度,评估法律英语教材中理想知者的呈现,创新性地提出评估内容应包含知识内容与知者内容两个部分。该评估框架的提出对法律英语教材的选择和编写具有实际参考价值,还可拓展合法化语码理论的应用范围。

关键词：合法化语码理论职业身份法律英语教材评价框架

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中国式现代化进程中民族地区共同富裕的历史演进与行动路向

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西北民族研究 2024年第1期 143-155页

作者：杨敏郑岩中央财经大学社会与心理学院北京102200 中央财经大学马克思主义学院北京102200

中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化,是党领导各族人民在共同团结奋斗的基础上,实现各民族、各地区共同富裕的社会变迁,不存在中心地区对边缘地区的政治统治和经济剥削,抑或欠发达地区对发达地区的发展依附,是以公平、可持... 详细信息

中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化,是党领导各族人民在共同团结奋斗的基础上,实现各民族、各地区共同富裕的社会变迁,不存在中心地区对边缘地区的政治统治和经济剥削,抑或欠发达地区对发达地区的发展依附,是以公平、可持续为原则的共享发展。从“反对一切对少数民族的压迫”到“帮助少数民族发展”,从“加快民族地区经济发展和社会进步”到“全面建成小康社会,一个民族都不能少”,民族地区历经革命求富、建设谋富、改革致富和脱贫共富四个阶段。面向中国式现代化,民族地区已进入扎实推动共同富裕的历史阶段。民族地区要协调好巩固与拓展、效率与公平、共建与共享、物质与精神等方面的辩证关系,通过深化共同富裕实践以开辟中国式现代化的新境界。

关键词：中国式现代化民族地区共同富裕中华民族共同体

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JADE-DB:基于靶向变异的大语言模型安全通用基准测试集

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计算机研究与发展 2024年第5期61卷 1113-1127页

作者：张谧潘旭东杨珉复旦大学计算机科学技术学院上海200433

提出大语言模型安全通用基准测试集—JADE-DB,该数据集基于靶向变异方法自动化构建,能够将经验丰富的大语言模型安全测试员和多学科专家学者手工撰写的测试问题转化为高危通用问题,保持语言自然性的同时不改变其核心语义,且能够攻破十... 详细信息

提出大语言模型安全通用基准测试集—JADE-DB,该数据集基于靶向变异方法自动化构建,能够将经验丰富的大语言模型安全测试员和多学科专家学者手工撰写的测试问题转化为高危通用问题,保持语言自然性的同时不改变其核心语义,且能够攻破十余款国内外知名大语言模型的安全防护机制.根据语言复杂性差异,JADE-DB包含基础、进阶、高危3个安全测试等级,共计上千条覆盖违法犯罪、侵犯权益、歧视偏见和核心价值观4大类违规主题、30多种违规主题的通用测试问题,其中针对国内开源(中文,8款)、国内商用(中文,6款)和国外商用大语言模型(英文,4款)这3组大语言模型分别构建的3款通用高危测试集,可造成每组模型在高危测试集上的平均违规率均超过70%,测试问题均可同时触发多款模型违规生成.这表明,语言的复杂性导致现有大语言模型难以学习到人类无穷多种表达方式,因此无法识别其中不变的违规本质.

关键词：生成式人工智能安全大语言模型大语言模型安全评测人工智能安全自然语言处理

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