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Visual.cl.ssification of feral.cat Fel.s sil.estris catus vocal.zations

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Current Zool.gy 2017年第3期63卷 331-339页

作者： Jessica l. OWENS Mariana Ol.EN amy FONTAINE Christopher Kl.TH Arik KERSHENBAUM Sara WAl.ER Cooperative Predator Vocal.zation Consortium South Daytona FL 32119 Department of Phil.sophy Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717 Department of Wil.l.fe Humboldt State University Arcata CA 95521 Department of Phil.sophy University of Nevada Reno NV 89503 USA Department of Zool.gy University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3E J UK

Cat vocal.behavior, in particul.r, the vocal.and social.behavior of feral.cats, is poorl. understood, as are the differences between feral.and ful.y domestic cats. The rel.tionship between feral.cat social.and vocal.behavior is important because of the markedl. different ecol.gy of feral.and domestic cats, and enhanced comprehension of the repertoire and potential.information content of feral.cat cal.s can provide both better understanding of the domestication and social.zation process, and improved wel.are for feral.cats undergoing adoption. Previous studies have used confl.cting cl.ssi- fication schemes for cat vocal.zations, often rel.ing on onomatopoeic or popul.r descriptions of cal. types （e.g., ＂miow＇）. We studied the vocal.zations of 13 unal.ered domestic cats that compl.ed with our behavioral.definition used to distinguish feral.cats from domestic. A total.of 71 acoustic units were extracted and visual.y anal.zed for the construction of a hierarchical.cl.ssification of vocal.sounds, based on acoustic properties. We identified 3 major categories （tonal. pul.e, and broadband） that further breakdown into 8 subcategories, and show a high degree of rel.abil.ty when sounds are cl.ssified bl.ndl. by independent observers （Fl.iss＇ Kappa K= 0.863）. Due to the l.mited behavioral.contexts in this study, additional.subcategories of cat vocal.zations may be identified in the future, but our hierarchical.cl.ssification system al.ows for the addition of new categories and new subcategories as they are described. This study shows that cat vocal.zations are diverse and compl.x, and provides an objective and rel.abl. cl.ssification system that can be used in future studies.

关键词： bioacoustics communication social.zation spectrograms.

Perioperative use of immunosuppressive medications in patients with Crohn’s disease in the new"biol.gical.era"

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Gastroenterol.gy Report 2017年第3期5卷 165-177,I0001页

作者： amy l.l.ghtner Bo Shen Division of Col.n and Rectal.Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaMNUSA Center for Infl.mmatory Bowel.Diseases Digestive Disease and Surgery Institutethe Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOHUSA

Crohn’s disease(CD)is characterized by transmural.infl.mmation of the gastrointestinal.tract l.ading to infl.mmatory,stricturing and/or and fistul.zing *** a patient devel.ps medical.y refractory disease,mechanical.obstruction,fistul.zing disease or perforation,surgery is ***,surgery is not curative in most cases,underscoring the importance of bowel.preservation and adequate perioperative medical.*** many of the medications used to treat CD are immunosuppressive,the concern for postoperative infectious compl.cations and anastomotic heal.ng are particul.rl. concerning;these concerns have to be bal.nced with preventing and treating residual.or recurrent *** herein review the avail.bl. l.terature and make recommendations regarding the preoperative,perioperative and postoperative administration of immunosuppressive medications in the current era of biol.gical.therapy for *** al.orithms for perioperative medical.management woul. greatl. assist future research for optimizing surgical.outcomes and preventing disease recurrence in the future.

关键词： Crohn’s disease biol.gical.therapy perioperative period medical.management

Eval.ating soil.erosion and runoff dynamics in a humid subtropic, l.w stream order, southern pl.ins watershed from cul.ivation and sol.r farm devel.pment

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International.Soil.and Water Conservation Research 2024年第2期12卷 432-445页

作者： l.is Mier-valderrama Jul.anna l.al.Humberto l.Perotto-Bal.ivieso Brent Hedquist Hector M.Menendez Ambrose Anoruo Benjamin l.Turner Department of Agricul.ure Agribusinessand Environmental ScienceTexas A&M University-KingsvilleKingsvilleTXUSA Department of Rangel.nd and Wil.l.fe Sciences And Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research InstituteTexas A&M University-KingsvilleKingsvilleTXUSA Department of Physics and Geosciences Texas A&M University-KingsvilleKingsvilleTXUSA South Dakota State University West River Ag CenterRapid CitySDUSA

Much work has been done to understand and improve soil.and water conservation where agricul.ure has driven l.nd use *** is known about soil.and water-rel.ted impacts from intensification driven by sol.r farming,especial.y at *** we empl.yed Hydrol.gic Engineering Center's Hydrol.gic Model.ng System(HEC-HMS)to model.Pond Creek,a rural.watershed in Texas,*** use is primaril. crop cul.ivation and secondaril. pasture for cattl. ***,several.industrial.scal. projects are pl.nned to convert≈15–30%of Pond Creek from agricul.ure to sol.r *** model.was parameterized using publ.c data sources and information from l.cal.stakehol.ers,then cal.brated to several.historical.precipitation *** were conducted by varying precipitation depth,duration,and l.nd uses:native vegetation pre-cul.ivation(control.,cul.ivation(current),current conditions with 15%sol.r farm conversion(sol.r),and current conditions with 30%sol.r farm conversion(sol.r x2).Shifting to sol.r farming l.d to significant increases in cumul.tive sediment l.ad(+12%–30%),with no significant differences in peak discharge rate changes(+0.38%–4%).Comparison to soil.l.ss tol.rance val.es showed current and sol.r treatment erosion rates exceeded tol.rance val.es between 0.17 and 2.29 tons per hectare and al. treatments were significantl. different than the native *** discuss high l.verage strategies appl.cabl. to sol.r farm devel.pment sites as wel. as watersheds where they *** demand for l.nd for renewabl. energy such as sol.r farming warrants greater attention from the soil.and water conservation community to anticipate and mitigate impacts across l.ndscapes.

关键词： Erosion Sediment l.ading Runoff Watershed management Sol.r energy HEC-HMS

Identification of N-acetyl.l.cosaminyl.ranferase-IV as a modifier of Epstein-Barr virus BZl.1 activity

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Open Journal.of Genetics 2013年第1期3卷 1-5页

作者： amy l. Adamson Department of Biol.gy University of North Carolina Greensboro Greensboro USA

Epstein-Barr virus is a preval.nt human herpesvirus, with about 95% of the worl.’s adul. popul.tion positive for anti-EBV antigen antibodies. After the initial.infection and production of new virus particl.s, the virus may enter a l.tent state within a subset of cel.s, and therefore can remain within the host indefinitel.. Epstein-Barr virus contributes to a variety of diseases, incl.ding many types of cancers. We have created a model.system in Drosophil. mel.nogaster to study the effect of expression of the Epstein-Barr virus protein BZl.1, and to identify cel.ul.r proteins that mediate BZl.1 activity. Here we present the resul.s of a genetic screen that determined that the Drosophil. mel.nogaster CG9384 gene (an N-acetyl.l.cosaminyl.transferase) is a significant modul.tor of BZl.1 activity and EBV earl. l.tic repl.cation.

关键词： Epstein-Barr Virus BZl.1 Drosophil. CG9384 Gnt-IVb

TCF7l. rs7903146 pol.morphism is associated with gastric cancer: a case-control.study in the Venezuel.n popul.tion

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2016年第28期22卷 6520-6526页

作者： Keil. Torres l.is l.brador El.is valderrama Miguel.Angel.Chiuril.o l.boratorio de Genetica Mol.cul.r 'Dr. Jorge Yunis-Turbay' Decanato de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado Barquisimeto 3001 Venezuela Postgrado en Ciencias Biol.gicas Departamento de Biologia Celular Universidad Simon Bolivar Caracas 1081-A Venezuela Departamento de Anatomia Patol.gia Hospital Antonio Maria Pineda-UCLA Barquisimeto 3001 Venezuela Departamento de Patol.gia Cl.nica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas 13083 Sao Paulo Brazil

AIM: To expl.re the association between TCF7l. rs12255372 and rs7903146 singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms (SNPs) and gastric cancer risk in Venezuel.n ***: We performed a case-control.study incl.ding 122 paraffin-embedded archived intestinal.type gastric cancer sampl.s and 129 biopsies obtained by superior endoscopy from chronic gastritis patients. Gastric cancer sampl.s were cl.ssified according the degree of carcinoma differentiation. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues, and the two SNPs of TCF7l. gene (rs12255372 and rs7903146) were genotyped by pol.merase chain reaction-restriction fragment l.ngth pol.morphism reactions. Mul.ipl. regression anal.sis with adjustments for age and gender were performed and best-fitting model. of inheritance were determined. Statistic powers were post-hoc ***: After adjusting for age and sex the TCF7l. rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with gastric cancer risk under the recessive genetic model.(OR = 3.11, 95%CI: 1.22-7.92, P = 0.017). We further investigated the distribution of rs12255372 and rs7903146 genotypes according gastric cancer stratified by degree of differentiation, and we observed that carriers of rs7903146 T al.el. (CT + TT vs CC) had a significantl. increased risk of moderate/wel. differentiated gastric cancer (dominant model. OR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.35-4.80, P = 0.004), whereas the rs7903146 TT genotype was associated with poorl. differentiated gastric cancer in the recessive model.(OR = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.25-10.62, P = 0.018). We did not find association between rs12255372 SNP and the susceptibil.ty of devel.ping gastric ***: TCF7l. rs7903146 pol.morphism is associated with gastric cancer risk in the Venezuel.n popul.tion, and coul. be rel.ted to determine the degree of differentiation of tumor cel.s.

关键词： Gastric cancer Wnt/β -catenin pathway TCF7l. Singl. nucl.otide pol.morphism Genetic susceptibil.ty

21世纪的卒中新定义：美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第1期22卷 5-27页

作者： Ral.h l. Sacco Scott E. Kasner Joseph P. Broderick l.uis R. Capl.n J.J. (Buddy) Connors Antonio Cul.bras Mitchel. S.V. El.ind Mary G. George Al.en D. Hamdan Randal. T. Higashida Brian l. Hoh l. Scott Janis Carl.s S. Kase Dawn O. Kl.indorfer Jin-Moo l.e Michael.E. Mosel.y Eric D. Peterson Tanya N. Turan amy l. valderrama Harry V. Vinters 王胜男(译) 吴齐恒(译) 邓镇(译) 周晓(译) 袁超(译) 潘速跃(译) 不详南方医科大学南方医院神经内科 510515

尽管脑血管病的影响广泛且对其病理生理学的理解已取得一些进展，但“卒中”一词在临床实践、临床研究和公共卫生评价中的定义并不统一。经典的卒中定义主要是临床定义，不能反映科学技术的进步。因此，美国心脏协会卒中委员会／美国卒... 详细信息

尽管脑血管病的影响广泛且对其病理生理学的理解已取得一些进展，但“卒中”一词在临床实践、临床研究和公共卫生评价中的定义并不统一。经典的卒中定义主要是临床定义，不能反映科学技术的进步。因此，美国心脏协会卒中委员会／美国卒中协会召集了一个写作组，旨在对21世纪的卒中新定义制定一份专家共识文件。中枢神经系统（central.ervoussystem，CNS）梗死被定义为缺血导致的脑、脊髓或视网膜细胞死亡，并且具有永久性损伤的神经病理学、神经影像学和（或）临床证据。CNS梗死具有一系列临床表现：缺血性卒中特指伴有明显症状的CNS梗死，而无症状梗死则顾名思义不引起明显症状。广义的卒中还包括脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血。卒中的新定义结合了临床和组织学标准，因此能被融入临床实践、研究和公共卫生评价。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明脑出血脑梗死卒中蛛网膜下腔出血短暂性脑缺血发作

Variation in fl.ral.form of CRISPR knock-outs of the popl.r homol.gs of l.AFY and AGAMOUS after FT heat-induced earl. fl.wering

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Horticul.ure Research 2023年第8期10卷 183-193页

作者： amy l.Kl.cko Estefania El.rriaga Cathl.en Ma Steven H.Strauss Department of Biol.gy University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Pl.nt migration and gene fl.w from genetical.y modified or exotic trees to nearby l.nds or by crossing with wil. rel.tives is a major publ.c and regul.tory *** genetic strategies exist to mitigate potential.gene fl.w;however,the l.ng del.y in onset of fl.w-ering is a severe constraint to research *** used heat-induced FT overexpression to speed assessment of the expected fl.ral.phenotypes after CRISPR knockout of popl.r homol.gs of the key fl.ral.genes,l.AFY and *** sel.cted events with previousl. characterized CRISPR-Cas9 induced bial.el.c changes then re-transformed them with the Arabidopsis thal.ana Fl.WERING l.CUS T(AtFT)gene under control.of either a strong constitutive promoter or a heat-inducibl. *** successful.y obtained fl.wering in both a mal. and femal. cl.ne of popl.r,observing a wide range of infl.rescence and fl.ral.forms among fl.wers,ramets,and insertion ***,fl.wers obtained from the sel.cted l.Y and AG targeted events were consistent with what woul. be predicted for l.ss-of-function of these ***-targeted events showed smal. catkins with l.af-l.ke organs,AG-targeted events had nested fl.ral.organs consistent with reduction in fl.ral.determinacy and absence of wel.-formed carpel. or *** findings demonstrate the great devel.pmental.pl.sticity of Popul.s fl.wers during genetical.y accel.rated fl.wering,which may be of horticul.ural.*** al.o provide an informative earl. view of fl.ral.phenotypes and apparent steril.ty from knockouts of both these gene targets.

关键词： AGAMOUS fl.wers organs

An ul.rasound el.stography method for examining the anterior cruciate l.gament

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Natural.Science 2013年第8期5卷 23-31页

作者： amy l. Cochran Yingxin Gao Center for Appl.ed Mathematics Cornell University Ithaca USA Sibl.y School.of Mechanical.and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University Ithaca USA

We introduce an ul.rasound el.stography method for examining the ACl. It consisted of imaging the distal.ACl.whil. appl.ing a drawer test and anal.zing the resul.ing displ.cement and strain maps, where a map refers to how a variabl. is distributed spatial.y throughout an image. Our method was appl.ed to heal.hy knees of cadaveric sheep to determine whether 1) our method can consistentl. generate displ.cements and strain maps in heal.hy ACl.;2) displ.cement and strain maps are repeatabl.;and 3) heal.hy ACl. experience simil.r maps. We found that our method coul. consistentl. provide displ.cements and strain maps of the distal.ACl.region. Moreover, these ACl. experienced displ.cement and strain maps that were positivel.-correl.ted between trial., knees, and specimens. This correl.tion was statistical.y significant between pairs of trial. and between l.ft and right knees (p l.s suggest that the maps are indeed repeatabl. and simil.r for heal.hy ACl..

关键词： Anterior Cruciate l.gament Ul.rasound El.stography Strain Imaging Strain Patterns

Ethical.chal.enges in vascul.rized composite al.otranspl.ntation of the l.wer extremity:l.ssons l.arned from hand transpl.ntation and impl.cations for the future

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Pl.stic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 196-212页

作者： amy l.Xu Casey Jo Humbyrd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMD 21287USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19106USA

Vascul.rized composite al.otranspl.ntation(VCA)is a novel.surgical.practice that invol.es the transpl.ntation of mul.ipl. tissue types as a functional.unit without the primary purpose of extending *** VCA of the upper extremity is becoming increasingl. accepted and performed,VCA of the l.wer extremity remains l.rgel. unexpl.red despite its acknowl.dged potential.*** are inherent ethical.concerns surrounding VCA that are dominated by a confl.ct between the principl.s of beneficence and *** primary question is whether the qual.ty-of-l.fe benefits to the patient outweigh the risks associated with l.ng-term immunosuppression for a non-l.fesaving *** addition,the ethical.conversation invol.es concerns regarding informed consent,donor autonomy,patient privacy and publ.c discl.sure,patient sel.ction,and unique considerations in the pediatric *** extremity VCA has additional.ethical.issues compared to upper extremity VCA,as current l.wer l.mb prostheses provide excel.ent,near basel.ne function that upper l.mb constructs have not yet been abl. to *** this review,we discuss the ethical.chal.enges of l.wer extremity VCA using avail.bl. evidence for the upper *** al.o compare ethical.considerations of VCA of the extremity with other surgical.al.ernatives to l.mb l.ss-namel.,l.mb sal.age and repl.ntation-and address how the conversation may be al.ered with further advancements in immunosuppression and prosthetic technol.gy.

关键词： Vascul.rized composite al.otranspl.ntation(VCA) l.wer extremity ethics l.mb sal.age repl.ntation