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Multi-national observational study to assess quality of life and treatment preferences in patients with Crohn’s perianal fistulas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第11期15卷 2537-2552页

作者： Chitra Karki amod athavale Vijay Abilash Gary Hantsbarger Parnia Geransar Kate Lee Slobodan Milicevic Marko Perovic Leanne Raven Magdalena Sajak-Szczerba Abigail Silber Annabelle Yoon Phil Tozer Global Evidence and Outcomes-Gastroenterology Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States Trinity Partners LLCWalthamMA 02451-7528United States Observational Research Takeda Pharmaceuticals United StatesIncCambridgeMA 02139United States Medical Affairs Takeda Pharmaceuticals International Co.Opfikon 8152ZurichSwitzerland Research and Patient Programs Crohn’s and Colitis Canada600-60 St.Clair Avenue EastToronto M4T 1N5OntarioCanada Treasurer European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis AssociationsBrussels B 1000Belgium Crohn’s and Colitis Australia Camberwell SouthVIC 3124Australia European Federation of Crohn’s&Ulcerative Colitis Associations Brussels B 1000Belgium Japan Medical Office Takeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedTokyo 103-8668Japan Department of Colorectal Surgery St Mark’s Hospital and Academic InstituteLondon HA13UJUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Patients with Crohn’s disease(CD)are at risk of developing complications such as perianal *** with Crohn’s perianal fistulas(CPF)are affected by fecal incontinence(FI),bleeding,pain,swelling,and purulent perianal discharge,and METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in patients with CD aged 21-90 years via a web-enabled questionnaire in seven countries(April-August 2021).Patients were recruited into three cohorts:Cohort 1 included patients without perianal fistulas;cohort 2 included patients with perianal fistulas without fistula-related surgery;and cohort 3 included patients with perianal fistulas and fistula-related *** patient-reported outcome measures were used to assess quality of *** of treatment preferences were measured using a discrete choice experiment(DCE).RESULTS In total,929 patients were recruited(cohort 1,n=620;cohort 2,n=174;cohort 3,n=135).Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire scores were worse for patients with CPF(cohorts 2 and 3)than for those with CD without CPF(cohort 1):Mean score 3.8 and 3.7 vs 4.1,respectively,(P<0.001).Similarly,mean Revised FI and FI Quality of Life scores were worse for patients with CPF than for those with CD without *** of Life with Anal Fistula scores were similar in patients with CPF with or without CPF-related surgery(cohorts 2 and 3):Mean score 41 and 42,*** the DCE,postoperative discomfort and fistula healing rate were the most important treatment attributes influencing treatment choice:Mean relative importance 35.7 and 24.7,*** The burden of illness in CD is significantly higher for patients with CPF and patients rate lower postoperative discomfort and higher healing rates as the most desirable treatment attributes.

关键词： Burden of illness Crohn’s disease Discrete choice experiment Perianal fistulas Patient-reported outcomes Treatment preferences

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Development of prosthetic arm using body actioned SEMG signals

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第6期9卷 58-65页

作者： Karan Veer Tanu Sharma amod Kumar EIED Department Thapar UniversityPatialaIndia CSED Department Global College of EngineeringKhanpur KuiIndia Chief Scientist CSIO-CSIRChandigarhIndia

People's working capability is badly affected when they sufer an amputated *** replacements with prosthetic devices to get a satisfactory level of performance for essential functions with the currently available prosthetic technology are very *** arm prostheses are becoming popular because they are operated by a natural contraction of intact ***,SEMG based artifdal arm was *** system cousists of diferent electronic and mechanical assemblies for operation of hand utilizing microcontroller in order to have minimum signal loss during its *** the hep of relay switching connected to low power DC motor,system is capable of opening and closing of grip according to individual wish.

关键词： SEMG electrodes variable gripping myoelectric controls electronic interface signals processing.

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Improving the phenotypic expression of rice genotypes:Rethinking “intensification” for production systems and selection practices for rice breeding

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 174-189页

作者： Norman Uphoff Vasilia Fasoula Anas Iswandi Amir Kassam amod K.Thakur SRI-Rice 624 Bradfield Hall Cornell University Institute of Plant Breeding Genetics and Genomics University of Georgia Soil Biotechnology Laboratory Deptof Soil Science and Land Resources Faculty of Agriculture Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) Bogor West Java 16680 Indonesia School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading RG6 6AR UK ICAR-Directorate of Water Management Bhubaneswar 751023 India

Intensification in rice crop production is generally understood as requiring increased use of material inputs: water, inorganic fertilizers, and agrochemicals. However, this is not the only kind of intensification available. More productive crop phenotypes, with traits such as more resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and shorter crop cycles, are possible through modifications in the management of rice plants, soil, water, and nutrients, reducing rather than increasing material inputs. Greater factor productivity can be achieved through the application of new knowledge and more skill, and(initially) more labor, as seen from the System of Rice Intensification(SRI), whose practices are used in various combinations by as many as 10 million farmers on about 4 million hectares in over 50 countries. The highest yields achieved with these management methods have come from hybrids and improved rice varieties, confirming the importance of making genetic improvements. However,unimproved varieties are also responsive to these changes, which induce better growth and functioning of rice root systems and more abundance, diversity, and activity of beneficial soil organisms. Some of these organisms as symbiotic endophytes can affect and enhance the expression of rice plants' genetic potential as well as their phenotypic resilience to multiple stresses, including those of climate change. SRI experience and data suggest that decades of plant breeding have been selecting for the best crop genetic endowments under suboptimal growing conditions, with crowding of plants that impedes their photosynthesis and growth, flooding of rice paddies that causes roots to degenerate and forgoes benefits derived from aerobic soil organisms, and overuse of agrochemicals that adversely affect these organisms as well as soil and human health. This review paper reports evidence from research in India and Indonesia that changes in crop and water management can improve the expression of rice plants' g

关键词： Expression of genetic potential Rice phenotypes Selection criteria for plant breeding Selection efficiency System of Rice Intensification

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Impact of climatic factors on vegetation dynamics in the upper Yangtze River basin in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1235-1250页

作者： ZHANG Yu-xin WANG Yu-kuan FU Bin DIXIT amod Mani CHAUDHARY Suresh WANG Shan Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal Kathmandu LalitpurP.0.Box 13667Nepal Chengdu Land Planning and Cadastre Center Chengdu 610074China

It is necessary to understand vegetation dynamics and their climatic controls for sustainable ecosystem *** study examines the vegetation dynamics and the effect of climate change on vegetation growth in the pristine conditions of 58 woodland National Nature Reserves(NNRs)located in the upper Yangtze River basin(UYRB)in China which are little influenced by human *** in the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),precipitation,and temperature in the selected NNRs were observed and analyzed for the period between 1999 and *** relationship between time-lag effect of climate and changes in the NDVI were assessed using Pearson *** results showed three major trends.1)The NDVI increased during the study period;this indicates an increase in the amount of green vegetation,especially due to the warmer climate during the growing *** NDVIs in March and September were significantly affected by the temperature of the previous *** temperatures increased significantly(P<0.05)and there was a delay between climatic factors and their effect on vegetation,which depended on the previous *** particular,the spring temperature had a delayed effect on the NDVI in summer.2)The way in which vegetation responds to climatic factors varied significantly across the *** had a greater effect on the NDVI in spring and summer and the effect was greater at higher altitudes.A similar trend was observed for precipitation,except for altitudes of 1000–2000 m.3)Temperature had a greater effect on the NDVI in spring and autumn at higher *** same trend was observed for precipitation in *** findings suggest that the vegetation found in NNRs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River was in good condition between 1999 and 2015 and that the growth and development of vegetation in the region has not been adversely affected by climate *** demonstrates the effectiveness of nature reserves in protectin

关键词： National Nature Reserves Upper Yangtze River basin Normalized difference vegetation index Climate change Correlation analysis

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Changes in cultivated land patterns and driving forces in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China, from 1992 to 2015

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 203-215页

作者： ZHANG Yu-xin WANG Yu-kuan FU Bin LI Ming LU Ya-feng DIXIT amod Mani CHAUDHARY Suresh WANG Shan Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal Kathmandu LalitpurP.O.Box 13667Nepal Chengdu Land Planning and Cadastre Center Chengdu 610074China

Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015;we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir;finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution;thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable de

关键词： Agricultural land change Three Gorges Reservoir area Landscape index The standard deviation ellipse Cultivated land Driving forces

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Differential miRNA expression profiling of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 infected chicken lungs reveals critical microRNAs,biological pathways and genes involved in the molecular pathogenesis

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第3期37卷 465-468页

作者： Anamika Mishra Muhasin Asaf amod Kumar Diwakar Dattatreya Kulkarni Richa Sood Sandeep Bhatia Bharat Bhushan Ashwin Ashok Raut Pathogenomics Laboratory ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal DiseasesOIE referral laboratory for Avian InfluenzaBhopal 462021India ICAR-National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases OIE referral lab for Avian InfluenzaBhopal 462021India Division of Animal Genetics ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteBareilly 243122India

Dear Editor,Avian influenza is a highly contagious viral infection affecting the respiratory ***(miRNAs)are small,regulatory,endogenous,non-coding RNAs of~22 nt that regulate the gene expression of the target mRNAs by cleavage or translational *** are connected with the host response during avian influenza virus(AIV)infection(Wang et al.,2009,2012).In this study.

关键词： influenza endogenous pathogenesis

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Learning from Japan for Possible Improvement in Existing Disaster Risk Management System of Nepal

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2019年第2期8卷 85-100页

作者： Ganesh Kumar Jimee Kimiro Meguro amod Mani Dixit Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal (NSET) Lalitpur Nepal International Center for Urban Safety Engineering Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Asian Disaster Risk Reduction Network (ADRRN) Kathmandu Nepal

Nepal and Japan, both are multi-hazard prone countries having experience of devastating disasters. It is difficult, if not impossible, to stop natural hazard events at source. However, the impact can be reduced significantly by preventing them from turning into disasters. The impact of disasters can vary depending on the capacity to handle the situation;and the capacity depends on the level of preparedness and mitigation measures taken in advance. Japan has set example for the rest of the world when it comes to Disaster Risk Management (DRM). Recovery and reconstruction after disasters are not just to develop the area as it was earlier, but it has to be taken as an opportunity for developing better than earlier, which is called as “Build Back Better”. This concept was raised by Japanese Government in UN World conference, Sendai in 2015 [1]. Dynamic, evolutionary and proactive DRM policy and plans with innovation, and the use of science and technology to find solutions, and effective implementation of the policy and plans, coupled with the culture of safety among the citizens, and the spirit of never give up “Nana KarobiYa Oki” (Seven times fall down, Eight times get up), are the unique features that every country should learn from Japan’s DRM mechanism. This paper is an effort to buy-in the good practices from Japan to improve DRM system in Nepal. It is a product of three-month intensive research in the University of Tokyo under a PhD research that consisted of reviewing existing DRM documents and several interactive meetings with stakeholders in Japan.

关键词： Learnings from Japan Disaster Risk Management Act Disaster

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Detecting Pipeline Anomalies and Variations in Acoustic Velocity in Multiphase Flow Regimes Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2020年第3期10卷 184-197页

作者： amod Kumar Claudio Olmi Oluwatosin Ogundare Pranab Jha David Bennett Halliburton Energy Services Inc. Houston TX USA

The use of hydrodynamic pressure wave generated from the action of a fast acting valve as well as acoustic reflectometry in the detection of anomalies like leaks, deposits and blockages in a pipe or fluid flow system in the context of the prevailing scientific theories in fluid flow is discussed. The focus of this paper is the application of the theories to more complex scenarios involving multi-phase fluid flow, specifically, two-phase and two-component fluid flow. The principal concern is the determination of acoustic velocity in a two-phase flow regime;which is problematic because it varies with mixture composition along multiphase flowlines. A technique for simulating flow regimes in the laboratory using stacked S-shaped pipes is presented as well as a discussion of the results from a computational fluid dynamics model.

关键词： Multiphase Flow Acoustic Reflectometry Pipeline Anomaly Acoustic Velocity

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Burden of road traffic accidents in Nepal by calculating disability-adjusted life years

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第3期5卷 179-187页

作者： Ling Huang amod K.Poudyal Nanping Wang Ramesh K.Maharjan Krishna P.Adhikary Sharad R.Onta Department of Preventive Medicine Medical College of China Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina Department of Community Medicine and Public Health Institute of Medicine at Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal Department of Emergency and General Practice Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalKathmanduNepal Nepal Health Research Council KathmanduNepal

Objective:To calculate the burden of road traffic accidents in Kathmandu Valley and then extrapolate this to the national ***:A prospective study was performed to compute the burden of road traffic accidents by quantification of disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)using the Global Burden of Disease Study method on the basis of 1-year data from nine hospitals in Nepal and the Department of Foren-sic Medicine and cross-checked with the Nepal Traffic *** methods were applied to the extrapolated population metrics of the burden of road traffic accidents in ***:The total number of years of life lived in disability,years of life lost,and DALYs in Nepal were 38,848±194,119,935±1464,and 158,783±1658(95% confidence interval)*** number of years lost because of morbidity and death was similar in Kathmandu ***(75%)of the DALYs resulted from years of life lost in *** accounted for 73% of *** half(44%)of the DALYs were contributed by the group aged 15-29 ***:This study is the first to calculate the burden of road traffic accidents in Nepal using Nepal’s own *** needs to develop and enhance its own system to identify significant public health issues so as to set national priorities for prevention of road traffic accidents.

关键词： Road traffic accident burden disability-adjusted life years Nepal

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尼泊尔的地震危险性

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防灾减灾工程学报 1995年第S1期 18-19页

作者： amod Mani Dixit

1 地震危险性评定历史尼泊尔位于澳洲—印度与亚洲三个板块边界处。其北界为世界上最高的山脉,表明了尼泊尔地下的持续构造运动。直到1992年国家才协力进行尼泊尔地震危险性定量评定工作.已进行的一系列这方面研究工作的有:历史地震及... 详细信息

1 地震危险性评定历史尼泊尔位于澳洲—印度与亚洲三个板块边界处。其北界为世界上最高的山脉,表明了尼泊尔地下的持续构造运动。直到1992年国家才协力进行尼泊尔地震危险性定量评定工作.已进行的一系列这方面研究工作的有:历史地震及其影响的研究、所规划的水电站以及与供水计划有关的特殊场地研究。尼泊尔还没有一部有关强度和抗震的建筑规范。地质矿产部的地震部门在法国政府的资助下,在中心地区建设了一个微震台网,并架设了强震仪。由于三面与印度接壤,对尼泊尔来说,执行印度的地震危险性评定工作规范是最合适的。印度标准IS,1893～1984(ISI,1986)包含了首都加德满都的地震设计系数.其它地区的系数可通过外推法得到。

关键词：地震危险性印度微震台网地震南亚尼泊尔

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