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Detection of respiratory viruses and bacteria in children using a twenty-two target reverse-transcription real-time PCR(RT-qPCR)panel

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第2期12卷 183-189页

作者： Chelsey Ellis amita Misir Charles Hui Mona Jabbour Nicholas Barrowman JonathanLangill Jennifer Bowes Robert Slinger University of Ottawa Children's Hospital of Eastern OntarioChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaONCanada

Background:Rapid detection of the wide range of viruses and bacteria that cause respiratory infection in children is important for patient care and antibiotic *** therefore designed and evaluated a readyto-use 22 target respiratory infection reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)panel to determine if this would improve detection of these agents at our pediatric ***:RT-qPCR assays for twenty-two target organisms were dried-down in individual wells of 96 well plates and saved at room *** included 18 respiratory viruses and 4 *** automated nucleic acid extraction of nasopharyngeal aspirate(NPA)samples,rapid qPCR was ***-qPCR results were compared with those obtained by the testing methods used at our hospital ***:One hundred fi fty-nine pediatric NPA samples were tested with the RT-qPCR *** or more respiratory pathogens were detected in 132/159(83%)*** was significantly higher than the detection rate of standard methods(94/159,59%)(P<0.001).This difference was mainly due to improved RT-qPCR detection of rhinoviruses,parainfl uenza viruses,bocavirus,and *** panel internal control assay performance remained stable at room temperature storage over a two-month testing ***:The RT-qPCR panel was able to identify pathogens in a high proportion of respiratory *** panel detected more positive specimens than the methods in use at our *** pre-made panel format was easy to use and rapid,with results available in approximately 90 *** now plan to determine if use of this panel improves patient care and antibiotic stewardship.

关键词： bacterial infections pediatric polymerase chain reaction respiratory infectious diseases viral infections

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Prevalence and features of colorectal lesions among Hispanics: A hospital-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13095-13100页

作者： Hassan Ashktorab Adeyinka O Laiyemo Edward Lee Marcia Cruz-Correa amita Ghuman Mehdi Nouraie Hassan Brim Gastroenterology Division and Cancer Center Pathology DepartmentHoward University College of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of colorectal adenoma and carcinoma in an inner city Hispanic ***: We reviewed the reports of 1628 Hispanic patients who underwent colonoscopy at Howard University from 2000 to 2010. Advanced adenoma was defined as adenoma ≥ 1 cm in size,adenomas with villous histology,high grade dysplasia and/or invasive cancer. Statistical analysis was performed using χ2 statistics and ***: The median age of the patients was 54 years,64.2% were females. Polyps were observed in 489(30.0%) of patients. Adenoma prevalence was 16.8%(n = 273),advanced adenoma 2.4%(n = 39),and colorectal cancer 0.4%(n = 7). Hyperplastic polyps were seen in 6.6% of the cohort(n = 107). Adenomas predominantly exhibited a proximal colonic distribution(53.7%,n = 144); while hyperplastic polyps were mostly located in the distal colon(70%,n = 75). Among 11.7%(n = 191) patients who underwent screening colonoscopy,the prevalence of colorectal lesions was 21.4% adenoma,2.6% advanced adenoma; and 8.3% hyperplastic ***: Our data showed low colorectal cancer prevalence among Hispanics in the Washington DC area. However,the pre-neoplastic pattern of colonic lesions in Hispanics likely points toward a shift in this population that needs to be monitored closely through large epidemiological studies.

关键词： Colon Rectum Adenoma Carcinoma Hispanics

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Distribution,Use Pattern and Prospects for Conservation of Medicinal Shrubs in Uttaranchal State,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2007年第2期4卷 155-180页

作者： Bhupendra S. Adhikari Mani M. Babu Prem L. Saklani Gopal S. rawat Herbarium Section Department of Habitat Ecology Wildlife Institute of India P.O. Box # 18 Chandrabani Dehra Dun 248 001 Uttaranchal

The present paper gives an insight into the distribution and use pattern of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State. A total of 222 medicinal and aromatic shrub species have been appended based on secondary information. Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, and Fabaceae have the highest repre- sentatives of medicinal shrubs. Twenty one families had one species each in medicinal use. Verbenaceae and Euphorbiaceae in the sub-tropical region, Rosaceae in the temperate region, and Ericaceae and Rosaceae in the sub-alpine and alpine regions, respectively, had the highest representatives of medicinal shrubs. The distribution of medicinal shrubs was 42 % in sub-tropical, 29 % in warm temperate, 13 % in cool temperate, 9 % in sub-alpine and 7 % in the alpine region. Of the total species, 70 medicinal shrubs were native to the Himalayas and 22 native to Himalayan region including other Hima- layan countries. The most frequently used plant parts for various ailments were leaves (31 %) and roots (23 %). Most shrubs are being used for the diseases, viz. skin diseases, dysentery, cough, fever, wounds, and rheumatism. The present paper will help in the execution of strategies for promotion and cultivation of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State.

关键词： Medicinal shrub distribution use pattern eco-region Uttaranchal Himalayan region India

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Modernising autism spectrum disorder model engineering and treatment via CRISPR-Cas9:A gene reprogramming approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第14期11卷 3114-3127页

作者： Arushi Sandhu Anil Kumar Kajal rawat Vipasha Gautam Antika Sharma Lekha Saha Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research(PGIMER)Chandigarh 0172ChandigarhIndia

A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication *** and recurring behavioural patterns are another feature of the *** mutations throughout development are the source of the neurodevelopmental disorder ***,a well-established model and perfect treatment for this spectrum disease has not been *** rising era of the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system can streamline the complexity underlying the pathogenesis of *** CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering tool used to edit the genome at the targeted site in a precise *** major hurdle in studying ASD is the lack of appropriate animal models presenting the complex symptoms of ***,CRISPR-Cas9 is being used worldwide to mimic the ASD-like pathology in various systems like in vitro cell lines,in vitro 3D organoid models and in vivo animal *** from being used in establishing ASD models,CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to treat the complexities of *** aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyse the CRISPRCas9-mediated discoveries in the field of ASD.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder CRISPR-Cas9 Cellular models Organoids Animal models Therapeutic strategies

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Enhancing bifunctionality of CoN nanowires by Mn doping for long-lasting Zn-air batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第7期63卷 890-896页

作者： Yongqi Zhang Bo Ouyang Guankui Long Hua Tan Zhe Wang Zheng Zhang Weibo Gao Rajdeep Singh rawat Hong Jin Fan School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link637371Singapore Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Applied Physics and Institution of Energy and Microstructure Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR(Agency fo r ScienceTechnology and Research)Innovis 138634Singapore Natural Sciences and Science Education National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637616Singapore

Tailoring the nanostructure and composition of transition metal nitrides is highly important for their use as potent low-cost electrocatalysts. Cobalt nitride(CoN) exhibits strong catalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction(OER). However, its poor catalytic efficiency for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) hinders its application in rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs) as the air cathode. In this work, we deploy the effective strategy of Mn doping to improve both OER and ORR activity of CoN nanowires as the cathode material for ZAB. Theoretical calculation predicts that moderate Mn doping in cobalt nitride results in a downshift of the d-band center and reduces the adsorption energy of reaction intermediates. With ~10 at% Mn dopants, stronger catalysis activities for both OER and ORR are achieved compared to pure CoN nanowires. Subsequently, both aqueous and flexible quasi-solid-state ZABs are constructed using the Mn-doped CoN nanowires array as additive-free air cathode. Both types of devices present large open circuit potential, high power density and long-cycle stability. This work pushes forward the progress in developing cost-effective ZABs.

关键词： bifunctional electrocatalyst Zn-air battery oxygen reduction reaction flexible battery plasma processing

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Use of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in COVID-19 related strokes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1881-1883页

作者： Mahika rawat Chiao Ng Emaad Khan Rayyan A.Shah Suha Ashfaq Ghaith A.Bahader Zahoor A.Shah Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOHUSA

Co ronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has affected a broad demographics,eliciting a more significant effect on specific groups such as males,African Americans,and Hispanic *** of COVID-19 often requires antiviral drugs or monoclonal ***,immunotherapies such as mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal vesicles should be evaluated as treatment options for *** stem cell thera py offe rs regenerative,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulato ry properties that can speed up the recovery from *** stem cell therapy can also benefit COVID-19 patients who suffer from stro kes,as COVID-19 increases the risk of strokes due to increased cytokines and clotting facto *** stroke cases that occur in COVID-19 patients are ischemic *** re,with the help of mesenchymal stem cell therapy and mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes,COVID-19-induced stroke patients might benefit from dual-ended *** o bjective of this review was to discuss COVID-19 and stroke incidence and the available treatment options.

关键词： COVID-19 cytokines immunotherapy interleukin-7 mesenchymal stem cells neuroinflammation sex differences stroke

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Load Balanced Routing Mechanisms for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2009年第7期2卷 627-635页

作者： amita RANI Mayank DAVE 不详

Properties of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) like dynamic topology and decentralized connectivity make routing a challenging task. Moreover, overloaded nodes may deplete their energy in forwarding others pack-ets resulting in unstable network and performance degradation. In this paper we propose load-balancing schemes that distribute the traffic on the basis of three important metrics -residual battery capacity, average interface queue length and hop count along with the associated weight values. It helps to achieve load bal-ancing and to extend the entire network lifetime. Simulation results show that the proposed load-balancing schemes significantly enhance the network performance and outperform one of the most prominent ad hoc routing protocols AODV and previously proposed load balanced ad hoc routing protocols including DLAR and LARA in terms of average delay, packet delivery fraction and jitter.

关键词： Load Balanced Routing Residual Battery Capacity Hop Count DLAR LARA

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Recent advances in chronic granulomatous disease

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第1期7卷 84-92页

作者： Gummadi Anjani Pandiarajan Vignesh Vibhu Joshi Jitendra Kumar Shandilya Dharmagat Bhattarai Jyoti Sharma Amit rawat Allergy Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CentrePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

Chronic granulomatous disease(CGD)is an inherited defect of phagocyte function due to defective NADPH *** with CGD are not able to effectively clear the infections because of the defect in the phagocyte production of oxygen free radicals and are prone to recurrent bacterial and fungal *** complications are also noted in CGD such as colitis,non-infective granulomas causing gastrointestinal or urinary tract obstruction,hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,and *** on toll-like receptor pathways and neutrophil extracellular traps in CGD have shed light on the role of NADPH oxidase in the innate immunity and pathogenesis of infections in *** reports also indicate a reduction of memory B cells and defective production of functional antibodies in *** the exact mechanisms for non-infective inflammatory complications in CGD are not yet clear,studies on efferocytosis and defective autophagy with inflammasome activation have made a substantial contribution to our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammation in *** also discuss the clinical and molecular features of p40phox defects and a newer genetic defect,*** phenotypes of X-linked carriers of CYBB are also discussed.

关键词： Chronic granulomatous disease Colitis EROS Genetics Infections Inflammation p40phox

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Effect of seed mass on emergence and seedling development in Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 415-418页

作者： Yogeshwar Mishra Rimi rawat P. K. Rana M. K. Sonkar Naseer Mohammad Tropical Forest Research Institute

We investigated the effect of seed mass on emergence, seedling survival and growth ofPterocarpus marsupium Roxb., a medium to large, commercially valuable and deciduous tree species. Among the three size classes viz. small （10-12 mm）, medium （13-15 mm） and large （16-17 mm）, the maximum proportion, of seed by number （54.12%） and dry weight （51.87%） was recorded, in the medium size seed class. Seed length and seed width were greatest in the large seed class （16.50 mm, 7.33 mm） followed by medium （13.50 mm, 5.60 mm） and small （11.37 ram, 3.66 mm）. Similarly, hundred seed weight （100 sw） varied from a maximum of 12.92 g in the large seed class to intermediate 10.95 g in the medium seed class and minimum of 7.02 g in the small seed class. The large seed size showed maximum emergence and shoot length over the medium and small seed class. After six months of growth, significant variations due to seed size were also observed for the growth and dry weight of P. marsupium seedlings. Seedling vigour, expressed in terms of height, collar diameter, number of leaves and dry biomass, was sig- nificantly affected by seed class. Seedlings that emerged from large seeds showed better growth and produced heavier seedlings as compared to medium and small seeds.

关键词： emergence grading Pterocarpus marsupium seedling

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Comparison of Dartos flap and spongioplasty in Snodgrass urethroplasty in distal penile hypospadias

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021年第3期4卷 39-43页

作者： Anju Verma Shahid Murtaza Vijay Kumar Kundal amita Sen Divya Gali Department of Paediatric Surgery Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital and Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiDelhiIndia

Background Hypospadias surgery has been continuously evolving,although there is no single technique which can be said to be perfect and suitable for all types of *** incised plate(TIP)urethroplasty(Snodgrass procedure)is presently the most common surgical procedure performed for distal penile hypospadias(DPH).The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of TIP urethroplasty using Dartos flap(DF)and spongioplasty as second layer in *** A total of 30 patients of DPH were repaired using TIP urethroplasty with DF or spongioplasty as second layer from January 2017 to June *** of 30 patients,TIP with DF was done in 15 patients(group A)and TIP with spongioplasty was done in the remaining 15 patients(group B).Preoperative mean age and weight were comparable in both *** complications,namely,postoperative edema,residual chordee,urethrocutaneous fistula(UCF),meatal stenosis and final cosmesis,were *** In both groups,complications included postoperative edema(Gp A-1Gp B-1),residual chordee(Gp A-1,Gp B-1),UCF(Gp A-3,Gp B-4),meatal stenosis(Gp A-1,Gp B-5)and poor cosmesis(Gp A-3,Gp B-4).Wound infection was managed with appropriate antibiotics,and meatal stenosis responded to calibration in five *** it seems that DF has a better outcome clinically,the difference between the two techniques was statistically not *** DF as an additional cover to TIP is associated with an acceptable complication and has good cosmesis compared with spongioplasty;however,the difference is not statistically significant.

关键词： edema Snodgrass distal

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