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The MET Analysis of Yield Performance of Advanced Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor(L.) Moench] Lines under Moisture Stress Areas Using Spatial Analysis

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第10期11卷 1618-1631页

作者： Kidanemaryam Wagaw amare Seyoum Taye Tadesse Adane Gebreyohannes amare nega Diriba Tadesse Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Melkassa Agricultural Research Center Adama Ethiopia Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Head Quarter Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Sorghum is one of the most widely cultivated cereal crops in Ethiopia which is grown for food and feed uses. It’s far an indigenous crop that’s grown in incredibly diverse environments of getting diverse water strain, soil fertility, and temperature situations. Trait of sorghum varieties tolerant to drought and producing desirable grain yield at the same time as addressing the biomass requirement is one of the techniques within the sorghum breeding program to the dry lowland surroundings so one can feed the growing population in Ethiopia. A total of 126 superior early maturing sorghum elite lines had been evaluated through along with recently released popular trendy check Melkam and Argiti to estimate the grain yield and stability of overall performance throughout the testing environments. Based on the overall performance of grain yield, flowering time, plant height, and the stability of grain yield genotype ETSC14501-2-2 and 14MWLSDT7196 become top ranked followed by genotype 14MWLSDT7176, 14MWLSDT7241 and 13MWF6#6037 which could be a capability candidate for production to the target environments. The varieties had better grain yield performance and stability across the environment, which may be used as capacity parental lines for genetic improvement in the sorghum improvement program. Finally based on the presented result on early maturing variety ETSC14501-2-2 with the pedigree of Redswazi/Meko-1 identified and registered for variety verification across locations on stations and on farms to confirm the stability and preference by farmers with their own farming practices.

关键词： Heritability Stability META Elite Lines Correlation Spatial Analysis

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Distinguishing of Stable Genotypes and Mega Environment for Grain Yield Performance of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] Genotypes Using Spatial Analysis

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 417-431页

作者： Kidanemaryam Wagaw amare Seyoum Taye Tadesse amare nega Adane Gebreyohannes Tamirat Bejiga Sewmehon Siraw Hailemariam Solomon Daniel Nadew Meron Bogale Melkassa Agricultural Research Center Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Adama Ethiopia Crop Research Directorate Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Cellular Microbial and Molecular Biology College of Natural Science Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental Sciences College of Agriculture Engineering and Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg South Africa School of Plant Sciences College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia

Sorghum is a staple food crop in Ethiopia and its production is mainly constrained by drought, other environmental factors, and the use of low-yielding, local sorghum varieties. To improve sorghum productivity, it is crucial to provide farmers with high yielding, stable sorghum cultivars that are tolerant to drought and other constraints. The stable performance of sorghum varieties in a growing region is critical to obtain a high and stable yield. In the 2012-2014 crop year, 24 genotypes, including standard controls, were evaluated at the national variety trial stage over six main dry lowland sorghum growing sites and two years made 7 environments to evaluate their performance, stability and to quantify Genotype by Environment Interaction (GEI) across moisture stress sorghum growing areas of Ethiopia. Spatial modeling has been used to estimate predicted mean (BLUPs) results and Performance and estimation of environmental correlation, heritability, GEI, and other parameters using the ASReml3-R analysis package. The predicted mean yield of the test genotypes across the environment ranged from 3.45 to 1.56 t·ha-1. Based on the result genotype G13, it could be further promoted because of its yield advantage and other important attributes over the standard checks, but it is the least stable. Based on the analyzed result, two mega environments were formed and Environment 1 (E1) is identified as an ideal environment among the testing environments.

关键词： Genetic Correlation Mega Environment Stability Spatial Analysis

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Multi-Environment Evaluation and Genotype ×Environment Interaction Analysis of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] Genotypes in Highland Areas of Ethiopia

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第12期11卷 1899-1917页

作者： amare Seyoum Zigale Semahegn amare nega Sewmehone Siraw Adane Gebereyhones Hailemariam Solomon Tokuma Legesse Kidanemaryam Wagaw Temesgene Terresa Solomon Mitiku Yirgalem Tsehaye Moges Mokonen Wakjira Chifra Habte Nida Alemu Tirfessa Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) Melkassa Agriculture Research Center Adama Ethiopia

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a high-yielding, nutrient-use efficient, and drought tolerant crop that can be cultivated on over 80 per cent of the world’s agricultural land. However, a number of biotic and abiotic factors are limiting grain yield increase. Diseases (leaf and grain) are considered as one of the major biotic factors hindering sorghum productivity in the highland and intermediate altitude sorghum growing areas of Ethiopia. In addition, the yield performance of crop varieties is highly influenced by genotype × environment (G × E) interaction which is the major focus of researchers while generating improved varieties. In Ethiopia, high yielding and stable varieties that withstand biotic stress in the highland areas are limited. In line with this, the yield performance of 21 sorghum genotypes and one standard check were evaluated across 14 environments with the objectives of estimating magnitude G × E interaction for grain yield and to identify high yielder and stable genotypes across environments. The experiment was laid out using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in all environments. The combined analysis of variance across environments revealed highly significant differences among environments, genotypes and G × E interactions of grain yield suggesting further analysis of the G × E interaction. The results of the combined AMMI analysis of variance indicated that the total variation in grain yield was attributed to environments effects 71.21%, genotypes effects 4.52% and G × E interactions effects 24.27% indicating the major sources of variation. Genotypes 2006AN7010 and 2006AN7011 were high yielder and they were stable across environments and one variety has been released for commercial production and can be used as parental lines for genetic improvement in the sorghum improvement program. In ge

关键词： G × E Interaction Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) Genotype and Genotype by Environment (GGE) Genotypes & Stability

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A review of electrokinetically enhanced bioremediation technologies for PHs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第2期32卷 31-45页

作者： Anish Saini Dawit nega Bekele Sreenivasulu Chadalavada Cheng Fang Ravi Naidu Global Centre for Environmental Remediation University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(CRC CARE) University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia

Since the early 1980’s there have been several different strategies designed and applied to the remediation of subsurface environment including physical, chemical and biological *** have had varying degrees of success in remediating contaminants from subsurface soils and *** objective of this review is to examine the range of technologies for the remediation of contaminants, particularly petroleum hydrocarbons, in subsurfaces with a specific focus on bioremediation and electrokinetic ***, this review examines the efficiency of remediation carried out by combining bioremediation and electrokinetic ***, which are slowly becoming the selected chemicals for mobilizing contaminants, are also considered in this *** current knowledge gaps of these technologies and techniques identified which could lead to development of more efficient ways of utilizing these technologies or development of a completely new technology.

关键词： Subsurface contamination Remediation Petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) Electrokinetics Bioremediation

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Effect of simulation-based teaching on nursing skill performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Frontiers of Nursing 2021年第3期8卷 193-208页

作者： Agezegn Asegid nega Assefa Department of Nursing College of Medicine and Health ScienceWachemo UniversityHosanna 667Ethiopia School of Nursing and Midwifery College of Health and Medical ScienceHaramaya UniversityDire Dewa 138Ethiopia

Objective:To summarize and produce aggregated evidence on the effect of simulation-based teaching on skill performance in the nursing *** is an active learning strategy involving the use of various resources to assimilate the real *** enables learners to improve their skills and knowledge in a coordinated ***:Systematic literature search of original research ar ticles was carried out through Google Scholar,Medline,and Cochrane Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL)*** conducted on simulation-based teaching and skill performance among nursing students or clinical nursing staff from 2010 to 2019,and published in the English language,were included in this *** quality was assessed by Joanna Briggs Institute,and the risk of bias was also assessed by Cochrane risk of bias and the risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies(ROBINS-I)***:Initially,638 titles were obtained from 3 sources,and 24 original studies with 2209 study par ticipants were taken for the final *** the total studies,14(58.3%)used single group prep post design,7(29.1%)used high fidelity simulator(HFS),and 7(29.1%)used a virtual simulator(VS).Twenty(83.3%)studies reported improved skill performance following simulation-based ***-based teaching improves skill performance among types of groups(single or double),study regions,high fidelity(HF),low fidelity(LF),and standard patient(SP)*** the effect over virtual and medium fidelity simulators was not statistically ***,simulation-based teaching improves the skill performance score among the experimental group(d=1.01,95%confidence interval[CI][0.69–1.33],Z=6.18,P<0.01,93.9%).Significant heterogeneity and publication bias were observed during the pooled ***:Simulation did improve skill performance among the intervention groups,but the conclusion is uncer tain due to the signif

关键词： checklist clinical skill education experimental nursing review nursing staffs quasi-experimental simulation training student nursing

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Ethnobotanical survey of antimalarial plants in Awash-Fentale District of Afar Region of Ethiopia and in vivo evaluation of selected ones against Plasmodium berghei

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第1期8卷 73-78页

作者： nega Alelign Mirutse Giday Tilahun Teklehaymanot Abebe Animut Department of Biology Faculty of Science Addis Ababa University Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa University

Objective: To document plants used in traditional treatment of malaria in the Awash-Fentale District, the Afar Region of Ethiopia, and to evaluate antimalarial activity of selected ones against Plasmodium berghei in mice. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with purposively selected informants in the District to gather information on plants used in the traditional treatment of malaria. Standard procedures were used to investigate acute toxicity and a four-day suppressive effect of crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of the leaves of the two most frequently cited plants [Aloe trichosantha(A. trichosantha) and Cadaba rotundifolia(C. rotundifolia)] against Plasmodium berghei in Swiss albino mice. Results: The informants cited a total of 17 plants used in the traditional treatment of malaria in Awash-Fentale District. Plant parts were prepared as infusions or decoctions. Leaf was the most commonly cited(44%) plant part, followed by stem(22%). Shrubs were the most frequently cited(63%) medicine source followed by trees(21%). Of the 17 plants, C. rotundifolia and A. trichosantha were the most frequently mentioned plants in the district. Ethanol extracts of the leaves of C. rotundifolia and A. trichosantha suppressed P. berghei parasitaemia significantly accounting for 53.73% and 49.07%, respectively at 900 mg/kg. The plants were found to be non-toxic up to a dose of 1 500 mg/kg. Conclusions: Seventeen plant species were reported to be used for treatment of malaria in the Awash Fentale Distinct, among which A. trichosantha and C. rotundifolia were the most preferred ones. P. berghei suppressive activity of these plants may partly explain their common use in the community.

关键词： Aloe trichosantha Cadaba rotundifolia Antimalarial activity Awash-Fentale District Ethiopia

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Dynamic analysis of falling weight deflectometer

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第5期3卷 427-437页

作者： Ainalem nega Hamid Nikraz Imad L.Al-Qadi Department of Civil Engineering Curtin University Illinois Center for Transportation University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Falling weight deflectometer （FWD） testing has been used to evaluate structural condition of pavements to predict the layer moduli using backcalculation process. However, the predicted pavement layer moduli sometimes may not be accurate even if computed and measured deflection basin has fulfilled the standard and is in concurrence with certain tolerable limits. The characteristics of pavement structure, including pavement layer thickness condition and temperature variation, affect the predicted pavement structural capacity and back calculated layer modulus. The main objective of this study is to analyze the FVc＇D test results of flexible pavement in Western Australia to predict the pavement structural capacity. Collected data includes, in addition to FWD measurements, core data and pavement distress surveys. Results showed that the dynamic analysis of falling weight deflectometer test and prediction for the strength of character of flexible pavement layer moduli have been achieved, and algorithms for interpretation of the deflection basin have been improved. The variations of moduli of all layers along the length of sections for majority of the projects are accurate and consistent with measured and computed pre- diction. However, some of the projects had some inconsistent with modulus values along the length of the sections. Results are reasonable but consideration should be taken to fix varied pavement layers moduli sections.

关键词： Flexible pavement Layer modulus Falling weight deflectometer Deflection basin Dynamic analysis Analytical model

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Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia:Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第7期16卷 995-1008页

作者： Nejib Y Ismael Semir A Usmael nega B Belay Hailemichael Desalegn Mekonen Asgeir Johannessen Stian MS Orlien Haramaya University College of Health and Medical SciencesHarar 252Ethiopia Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology Addis Ababa UniversityAddis Ababa 1000Ethiopia Regional Centre for Imported and Tropical Diseases Oslo University HospitalOslo 0450UllevålNorway Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology UnitSaint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 1000Ethiopia Department of Infectious Disease Vestfold Hospital TrustTønsberg 3103Norway Institute of Clinical Medicine Oslo UniversityOslo 0318Norway Department of PediatricsOslo UniversityOslo 0450UllevålNorway

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a major cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality,particularly in low-income countries.A better understanding of the epidemiological,clinical,and virological characteristics of CHB will guide appropriate treatment strategies and improve the control and management of CHB in *** To investigate the characteristics of CHB in Eastern Ethiopia and assess the efficacy and safety of antiviral *** This cohort study included 193 adults who were human immunodeficiency virus-negative with CHB between June 2016 and December *** assessments included chemistry,serologic,and viral markers.χ^(2) tests,Mann-Whitney U tests,and logistic regression analyses were used to identify the determinants of *** disoproxil fumarate(TDF)was initiated using treatment criteria from the Ethiopian CHB pilot *** A total of 132 patients(68.4%)were men,with a median age of 30 years[interquartile range(IQR):24-38].At enrollment,60(31.1%)patients had cirrhosis,of whom 35(58.3%)had decompensated *** use,hepatitis B envelope antigen positivity,and a high viral load were independently associated with ***,66 patients(33.4%)fulfilled the treatment criteria and 59(30.6%)started *** 29 patients who completed 24 months of treatment,the median aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index declined from 1.54(IQR:0.66-2.91)to 1.10(IQR:0.75-2.53)(P=0.002),and viral suppression was achieved in 80.9%and 100%of patients after 12 months and 24 months of treatment,*** the treated patients,12(20.3%)died within the first 6 months of treatment,of whom 8 had decompensated *** This study highlights the high prevalence of cirrhosis,initial mortality,and the efficacy of TDF *** up measures to prevent and control CHB infections in Ethiopia is crucial.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Cirrhosis Cohort study Resource-limited settings Sub-Saharan Africa

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Contribution of mi RNAs to ion-channel remodelling in atrial fibrillation

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World Journal of Hypertension 2015年第1期5卷 6-13页

作者： José Manuel Vilches Diego Franco Amelia E Aránega Cardiac and Skeletal Myogenesis Group Department of Experimental Biology University of Jaén

Atrial fibrillation(AF) is the most commonly encountered clinical arrhythmia associated with pronounced mortality and morbidity, which are related to palpitations, fainting, congestive heart failure, and stroke. Prolonged episodes of AF promote AF persistence mainly due to electrical remodelling that alters ion-channel expression and/or function. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs), a new class of noncoding mR NAs of around 22 nucleotides in length, have recently emerged as one of the key players in the geneexpression regulatory networks. The potential roles of miR NAs in controlling AF have recently been investigated. Several recent studies have provided promising results for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AF. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of miR NAs as regulators of ion-channel gene expression and their role in causing AF through electrical remodelling.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation MicroRNA Ion channels Electrical remodelling

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Adaptation to Climate Change in the Pastoral and Agropastoral Systems of Borana, South Ethiopia: Options and Barriers

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American Journal of Climate Change 2019年第1期8卷 40-60页

作者： nega Debela David McNeil Kerry Bridle Caroline Mohammed Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania Hobart Australia

The pastoral and agropastoral systems of the Borana in southern Ethiopia are highly vulnerable to climate change and its impacts. Assistance to enable these smallholders to successfully adapt to future climate change in locally relevant ways can be usefully informed by the analysis and better understanding of past and ongoing adaptation. We conducted farm household surveys, focus group discussions, expert consultations and secondary data collation in 2012 in the Borana. The study employed a combination of Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework to analyse how climate change put pressure on pastoral and agropastoral farming systems and livelihoods, and Pelling’s (2011) typological framework to analyse local adaptation responses. Results showed that pastoral and agropastoral households, their communities and institutions adopted a wide range of adaptation options primarily through adjusting their farming practices and diversifying into non-pastoral livelihoods. The smallholders primarily pursued a resilience approach to adaptation with short term goals intended to avoid system disruptions instead of long-term transformational approaches that significantly address the root causes of vulnerability. A range of barriers constrained local adaptive capacity and shaped routes for adaptation. Adaptation pathways that address critical barriers to adapt, integrate indigenous institutions into adaptation and link adaptation with local development process are necessary to bring long-term and non-marginal, major changes that reduce vulnerability and ensure co-benefit of improving livelihoods.

关键词： Adaptation Options Barriers Resilience Smallholder Agriculture Vulnerability

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