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Anti-viral role of toll like receptor 4 in hepatitis B virus infection: An in vitro study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10341-10352页

作者： Dipanwita Das Neelakshi Sarkar Isha Sengupta Ananya pal Debraj Saha Manikankana Bandopadhyay Chandrima Das Jimmy Narayan Shivram Prasad singh Runu Chakravarty ICMR Virus Unit Kolkata ID and BG Hospital Campus Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Department of Gastroenterology SCB Medical College Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation Beam Diagnostics Premises

AIM Toll like receptors plays a significant anti-viral role in different infections. The aim of this study was to look into the role of toll like receptor 4(TLR4) in hepatitis B virus(HBV) *** Real time PCR was used to analyze the transcription of TLR4 signaling molecules, cell cycle regulators and HBV DNA viral load after triggering the Hep G2.2.15 cells with TLR4 specific ligand. Nuclear factor(NF)-κB translocation on TLR4 activation was analyzed using microscopic techniques. Protein and cell cycle analysis was done using Western Blot and FACS *** The present study shows that TLR4 activation represses HBV infection. As a result of HBV suppression, there are several changes in host factors which include partial release in G1/S cell cycle arrest and changes in host epigenetic marks. Finally, it was observed that anti-viral action of TLR4 takes place through the NF-κB *** The study shows that TLR4 activation in HBV infection brings about changes in hepatocyte microenvironment and can be used for developing a promising therapeutic target in future.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Toll like receptor 4 Cell cycle Epigenetic marks Innate immune response

Glimpses of the Lichen Flora of Achanakmar-amarkantak Biosphere Reserve in Central India

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第6期3卷 697-708页

作者： Achuta Nand Shukla Krishna pal singh Botanical Survey of India Central Regional Centre Alla-habad India. Botanical Survey of India Northern Regional Centre Dehradun India

The present paper enumerates an account of the lichen flora in Achanakmar-amarkantak Biosphere Reserve located in Central India which comprises 78 species belonging to 25 genera under nine families. Of these, twenty two species have been reported for the first time from Central India. All the species are enumerated with their correct original citation, basionyms if any, their places of occurrence in the reserve area, distributional range and exsiccata have been provided.

关键词： Lichen Contributions Achanakmar-amarkantak Central India

Analysis of Aquifer Characteristics and Groundwater Quality in Southwest Punjab, India

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第10期4卷 597-604页

作者： Rajinder pal singh Chopra Gopal Krishan Hydro-geological and Hydro-chemical Division Punjab Water Resources and Environment Directorate Chandigarh 160017India Hydrological lnvestigations Division National Institute of Hydrology Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand lndia IGB-Groundwater Resilience Project British Geological Survey NERC Nottingham NG12 5GG UK

A study was conducted in eight districts, viz., Faridkot, Moga, Ferozepur, Muktsar, Bathinda, Mansa, Barnala and Sangrur in south-western part of the Punjab, India to characterize aquifer strata by preparing a fence diagram depicting sub-surface strata and distribution of groundwater quality. The sub-surface lithology drilled upto a depth of 60 m reveal the presence of top most layer of impervious strata comprising of clay upto the depth of 2 m to 5 m which impedes the percolation of surface runoff into the soil leading to surface flooding and water logging even in areas having saturated zone beyond the depth of 5 m. Thick pervious strata of 45 m to 50 m thickness is encountered in central and south-sentral part of the study area comprising of Bathinda, Muktsar and Mansa districts which at certain places are separated by one or two thin layers of impervious or semi-pervious strata comprising of clay and sand occasionally associated with ＂kankar＂ of thickness ranging between 2 m to 5 m. The northern, western and eastern parts, however, exhibit three to four layered pervious zones ranging in thickness from 5 m to 25 m separated by thin layers of impervious and semi pervious strata. The groundwater quality in about 6% of the study area in eight districts is fit, 18% is marginal and 76% is unfit for irrigation purpose.

关键词： Groundwater aquifer characteristics quality depth southwest Punjab.

One-Step One Chemical Synthesis Process of Graphene from Rice Husk for Energy Storage Applications

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Graphene 2017年第3期6卷 61-71页

作者： Pushpendra singh Jitendra Bahadur Kaushik pal Centre of Nanotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India

Few layer graphene was synthesized using rice husk ash (RHA) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). This methodology demonstrates the utility of RHA as carbon source for graphene synthesis and as a protective barrier against oxidation of parent rice husk and KOH mixture. Oxidation may occur during synthesis process due to high temperature annealing of RHA and KOH mixture. Electrochemical characterization showed decent capacitance value 86 F·g-1 at 500 mV·s-1. XRD and Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of graphitic structure. Transmission electron microscopy visually confirmed presence of few layer graphene. Novelty of this synthesis technique can be described as one-pot, one chemical synthesis technique. Use of natural precursor makes this technique highly cost effective for large scale production.

关键词： Rice Husk Graphene Silicon Dioxide Cyclic Voltammetry

A Combination of Antigen Retrieval Methods Significantly Enhances the Unmasking of Tedious Antigens of Lymphangiogenesis and Angiogenesis in Canine Mammary Tumour

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第12期5卷 44-55页

作者： Parmeet pal singh Naresh Kumar Sood Department of Veterinary Pathology College of Veterinary Science Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Ludhiana India

The use of immunohistochemical techniques has enhanced the diagnostic intensities in pathology. The sensitivity and specificity of any immunohistochemical protocol mainly depends on the ability to unmask antigen from formalin fixed tissue. Various combinations of antigen retrieval protocols have been used to unmask antigen efficiently but none has been established as a flawless one. These protocols either have one or the other lacunae, lacking repeatability under same conditions. In our study, we tried to develop a standardized immunohistochemical protocol for the identification of blood and lymphatic vessels in tissue sections of canine mammary tumour (CMT) using recently identified markers. The combined effects of antigen retrieval (AR) methods including pH shock by Heat-induced epitope retrieval (HIER) and Protease-induced epitope retrieval (PIER) were found highly effective in retrieval of tedious antigens of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. The use of combined antigen retrieval technique for the unmasking of antigens from over fixed, old formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) canine mammary tumour sections resulted in efficient unmasking of epitopes when compared with the individual antigen retrieval methods.

关键词： Angiogenesis Antigen Retrieval Canine Mammary Tumour Immunohistochemistry Lymphangiogenesis

The Economics of Reorganizing Otolaryngology Out-Patient Services for COVID-19 Pandemic in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2020年第5期9卷 180-184页

作者： Ravinder singh Nagi Satinder pal singh Prahlad Duggal Department of Otolaryngology & Head Neck Surgery Government Medical College Amritsar Punjab India Chief ENT & Head Neck Surgeon Swift Hospital Amritsar Punjab India

The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has widespread implications for clinical practice of otolaryngologists in clinics and hospitals. With various reports of otolaryngology practitioners catching infection, a profound structural reorganization of ENT services in the clinic is mandatory for protecting both patients and healthcare workers. The present study focused on quantifying the cost involved in reorganizing the otolaryngology out-patient services in a third world country during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Though the pandemic has increased the cost of running of an otolaryngology practice world over, the impact is huge in India as penetration of health insurance/social security is minimal. As out of pocket expenditure forms a significant proportion of healthcare spending by majority in India, any transfer of additional cost incurred because of Covid-19 pandemic to the patient will burn a bigger hole in their pocket.

关键词： COVID-19 Pandemic Otolaryngology Out-Patients Economics Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Pichia as yeast cell factory for production of industrially important bio-products:Current trends,challenges,and future prospects

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生物质资源与工程(英文) 2023年第2期8卷 108-124页

作者： Akansha Shrivastava Mamta pal Rakesh Kumar Sharma Department of Biosciences Manipal University JaipurJaipur 303007India Sardar Swaran singh National Institute of Bio-Energy Jalandhar 144601India

Yeast has been used as a cell factory for thousands of years to produce a wide variety of com-plex biofuels,bioproducts,biochemicals,food ingredients,and *** a variety of biotechnological production hosts,a few specific genera of yeast have proven *** developments in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology provide a workable long-term supply solution for these *** this review,we have covered recent advances in the design of yeast cell factories for the synthesis of terpenoids,alkaloids,phenylpropanoids,and other natural chemicals,primarily focusing on Pichia ***-edge solutions involving genetic and process engineering have also been ***,the review summarized recent advancements and challenges in synthetic and systems biology,as well as initiatives in metabolic engineering aimed at commercializing non-conventional yeasts like *** processes used in non-traditional yeasts to produce enzymes,therapeutic proteins,lipids,and metabolic products for industrial applications were thoroughly elaborated.

关键词： Natural product Pichia Non-conventional yeast Biosynthesis System biology Synthetic biology

Analysis of macro and micro nutrients in some Indian medicinal herbs grown in Jaunpur (u.p.) soil

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Natural Science 2011年第7期3卷 551-555页

作者： Arun Kumar Ram Prakash singh Narendra pal singh 不详

Concept of trace elements being “the Inorganic Switches” has evolved during the last several decades. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian medicinal system also emphasises the importance of minor and trace elements in human health and disease. To evaluate elemental contents of some commonly used as health promoter and fever, 5 medicine herbs (stems) namely Guduchi, Vach, Mulahati, Joytishmati and Vidhara have been analyzed for four minor (Na, K, Mg and Ca) and eight trace elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd) by atomic absorption spectrometry and flame photometry. Their accuracy was measured by replicate analyses. In general, elemental contents were found in varying amounts with large range. It is observed that many of medicinal herbs are enriched in one or more elements. Since these elements are bioavailable in natural form, probably in combination with organic constituents, these are likely to be easily assimilated by human bodies. Besides them, two toxic elements Ni and Cd were also found in insignificant amounts as these are likely to have originated from environmental contamination.

关键词： Sample Used as Health Promoter and Fever Medicinal Herbs in Jaunpur

Analysis of nutritional elements in Indian medicinal herbs used to cure general weakness

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Natural Science 2012年第4期4卷 211-215页

作者： Arun Kumar Ram Prakash singh Narendra pal singh Department of Chemistry Hindu P.G. College Zamania Ghazipur India Department of Chemistry Hindu P.G. College Zamania Ghazipur India Institute of Pharmacy V.B.S. Purvanchal University Jaunpur India

Concept of trace elements being “the Inorganic Switches” has evolved during last several decades. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian medicinal system also emphasises the importance of minor and trace elements in human health and disease. To evaluate elemental contents of some commonly used to cure general weakness, 3 medicine herbs namely Beezband (seeds), Gok-shur (fruit) and Talmakhana (seeds) have been analyzed for four minor (Na, K, Mg and Ca) and eight trace elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd) by atomic absorption spectrometry and flame photometry. Their accuracy was measured by replicate analyses. In general, elemental contents were found in varying amounts with large range. It is observed that many of medicinal herbs are enriched in one or more elements. Since these elements are bioavailable in natural form, probably in combination with organic constituents, these are likely to be easily assimilated by human Bodies. Besides them, two toxic elements Ni and Cd were also found in insignificant amounts as these are likely to have originated from environmental contamination.

关键词： Nutritional Elements Herbs for General Problem