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the Essential Oil of Ocimum americanum from Senegal and Gambia as a Source of Methyleugenol for the Control of Bactrocera dorsalis, Fruit Fly

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 133-141页

作者： Yoro Tine Antonio Alain Coffi Sinzogan Ousmane Ndiaye Cebastiana Sambou Alioune Diallo Ismaila Mbenga Kemo Badji El Hadji Omar dieng Assa Balayara Jeanne Diatta Cheikhouna Gaye Julien Paolini Jean Costa Alassane Wele Saliou Ngom Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et thérapeutique Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques Universite d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Agriculture (ENSA) Université Iba Der Thiam de Thiès Thiès Sénégal Direction de la Protection des Végétaux Rufisque Sénégal Laboratoire de Chimie des Produits Naturels Université de Corse Corte France National Agricultural Research Institute (NARI) Sere Kunda Gambia Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (ISRA) Dakar Sénégal

the fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests in all mango-producing areas, particularly in West Africa. In Senegal, O. americanum leaves have been used for several years to control this fly. However, to our knowledge, no chemical studies have been carried out. thus, the aim of this study is to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil of O. americanum leaves collected in Senegal and Gambia. the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of these leaves is analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS. Yields of essential oils from O. americanum leaves are 3.84% and 2.13%, respectively. Analysis of these essential oils by GC/FID and GC/MS allowed the identification of 23 compounds representing almost 100% of the total compositions. these essential oils are mainly dominated by methyleugenol (72.0% and 75.8%, respectively). Other components in significant percent are trans-β-caryophyllene (13.9% and 13.0%, respectively), germacrene D (4.1% and 3.7%, respectively), β-elemene (3.3% and 0.9%, respectively). Due to the high methyleugenol content, this study explains the attractive potential of O. americanum towards B. dorsalis. In perspective, we plan to evaluate the attractive effect of the essential oil and leaf powder of O. americanum against B. dorsalis, a real pest of mango orchards in Senegal.

关键词： Ocimum americanum Essential Oils Methyleugenol Bactrocera dorsalis GC/MS

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Pre-School and School-Aged Children Attending to Fann University Hospital, Dakar: Results from Retrospective Analysis

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第4期12卷 847-860页

作者： Khadime Sylla Doudou Sow Souleye Lelo Cheikh B. Fall Isaac Akhenaton Manga Magatte Ndiaye Babacar Faye thérèse dieng Roger Clement Tine Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie et Odontologie Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Fann Dakar Sénégal Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie UFR Sciences de la Santé Université Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Sénégal Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie Centre National Hospitalier d’enfant Albert Royer Dakar Sénégal

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections represent a major public health problem worldwide. Pre-school and school children have a high risk of infection. the study aimed to determine the epidemiological aspects of intestinal parasitic infections in preschool and school-aged children in Dakar, Senegal. Methods: A retrospective analysis of laboratory records from preschool and school-aged children referred to the Laboratory of Parasitology at the Fann University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, was carried out. the analysis of the period from 2016 to 2020. Stool samples were examined for the presence of parasites using direct, formal-ether concentration method and the Modified Ziehl Neelsen staining technique. Descriptive and analytic analysis was performed with Stata MP 16.1 software. Results: the overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 26.8% (429/1603). Blastocystis sp. (34%), Entamaeba coli (28%), Giardia intestinalis (9.6%), Endolimax nana (4.9%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (3.5%) were the common parasites found. Out of the 429 children positive for intestinal parasites, protozoa parasites represent 93.9%. Single infection and mixed infection represent 83.7% and 16.3%. the most prevalent associations were E. coli + Blastocystis sp. (6.3%), E. coli + E. nana (3.3%), and G. intestinalis + Blastocystis sp. (1.9%). Children between the ages of 5 - 10 years and those over 10 years had the most parasitic infections with 28.1% [aOR = 1.91;95% CI (1.25 - 2.89)] and 27.4% [aOR = 11.92 (1.07 - 3.07)]. According to the year of sample collection, the prevalence was higher in 2017, 32.6% [aOR = 1.49 (1.11 - 2.01]. the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was not significantly related to gender (p = 0.87), season (p = 0.85) and symptomatology (p = 0.19). the main clinical symptoms were dysenteric syndrome, dyspeptic disorders, constipation and abdominal pain. Intestinal parasite carriage in patients with acute diarrhea was 20.4%. In HIV positive with chronic

关键词： Intestinal Parasites Children Epidemiology Senegal

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Study of the Frequency of Superficial Candidiasis at the Fann National Hospital: Search for Candida auris

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 536-549页

作者： Carole Pab Minlekib Doudou Sow Isaac Akhenaton Manga Mamadou Dia Marie Pierre Fatou Diouf aminata Lam Cheikh Binetou Fall Souleye Lelo Magatte Ndiaye Khadim Sylla Jean Louis Abdourahim Ndiaye Roger Clement Kouly Tine thèrèse dieng Babacar Faye Department of Parasitology and Mycology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Parasitology and Mycology Gaston Berger University Saint Louis Senegal Laboratory of Parasitology and Mycology CHNU of Fann Dakar Senegal

Background: Superficial candidiasis is a very frequent opportunistic disease caused by yeasts of the genus Candida. among Candida types, some, such as Candida auris, have developed resistance to several antifungal agents. the objective of this study was to determine the hospital frequency of superficial candidiasis diagnosed at the CHU Fann and to investigate the presence of C. auris among the identified Candida strains. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2019. It involved all patients received at the Parasitology-Mycology laboratory of the CHU of Fann for suspected superficial candidiasis. Nails, skin, and vaginal specimens were subjected to direct examination and culture to identify yeasts of the genus Candida. the Candida strains were then tested by molecular biology targeting the specific C. auris ITS2 region. Results: A total of 1196 patients were examined. One thousand two hundred and five specimens (1205) were collected, including 1042 vaginal specimens, 92 nail specimens, and 71 skin specimens. Superficial candidiasis was diagnosed in 408 patients (37%). Women (34.52%) and patients under 30 years of age (39.60%) were the most affected. Yeasts of the genus Candida were found in 411 specimens (349 vaginal swabs, 36 nail fragments, and 26 skin flakes) by routine mycological techniques. the Candida albicans complex (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and C. africana) represented 75.91% of the Candida strains isolated. Molecular biology did not identify C. auris. Conclusion: Superficial candidiasis remains very common in hospitals in Senegal. Candida auris was not found in our study. Due to its rapid spread, surveillance is necessary to prevent epidemics in our hospitals.

关键词： Superficial Candidiasis C. auris Frequency Senegal

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Malaria Characteristics in Children with Sickle Cell Disease

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第1期12卷 125-130页

作者： Indou Deme/Ly Cheikh Binetou Fall Awa Kane Ibrahima Diop aminata Mbaye Yaaye Joor dieng Denika Estelle Liapoui Idrissa Demba Ba Abou Ba Aliou thiongane Papa Moctar Faye amadou Lamine Fall Ibrahima Diagne Ousmane Ndiaye Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal

Background: the relationship between sickle cell disease and malaria is the subject of much controversy. However, there is a lack of data in our services. Our objective was to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary characteristics of malaria in children with sickle cell disease followed in a specialized setting. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) who presented with malaria and were followed at the ambulatory Care Unit for Sickle Cell Children and Adolescents (USAD) at the Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital in Dakar, from January 1st, 2017, to December 31th, 2019. We included all the followed pediatric patients, less than 16 years, with sickle cell disease who presented at least one episode of malaria, confirmed by a positive thick drop, during this 3 years. We did not include patients with incomplete records or those older than 16 years. the clinical and biological signs, the follow up was collected and analyzed with Excel package 2019. Results: Of 3773 patients followed for sickle cell disease, 21 had presented malaria. the frequency was 0.5% or 7 cases/year. However, we exploited the data of 14 of them. the sex ratio was 6 boys for a girl and the mean age at admission was 7.3 years. the highest number of malaria cases was observed in 2018 and the peak frequency was observed in November with 8 cases (57.1%). Fever was the most frequent symptom, observed in 10 patients (71.4%). All patients were SS homozygous, with a mean baseline hemoglobin level of 7.5g/dl. All patients had a positive thick blood smear and Plasmodium falciparum was the only species found in the blood smear, with a mean parasite density of 1693 parasites/ml of blood. All patients had anemia, with a mean hemoglobin level of 7.74 g/dl. Twelve patients (85.7%) were hospitalized and had all received injectable artesunate followed by oral Artemisinin Combination ther

关键词： Malaria Sickle Cell Disease Children

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Household survey of container-breeding mosquitoes and climatic factors influencing the prevalence of Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)in Makkah City,Saudi Arabia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第11期2卷 849-857页

作者： Al thabiany Aziz Hamady dieng Abu Hassan Ahmad Jazem A Mahyoub Abdulhafis M Turkistani Hatabbi Mesed Salah Koshike Tomomitsu Satho MR Che Salmah Hamdan Ahmad Wan Fatma Zuharah Ahmad Saad Ramli Fumio Miake Medical Entomology Laboratory School of Biological SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia Department of Biological Science King Abdul-Aziz University Ministry of Health Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Municipal Saudi Arabia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of container breeding mosquitoes with emphasis on the seasonality and larval habitats of Aedes aegypti(***) in Makkah City,adjoining an environmental monitoring and dengue ***:Monthly visits were performed between April 2008 and March 2009 to randomly selected *** each visit,mosquito larvae were collected from indoors and outdoors containers by either dipping or pipetting. Mosquitoes were morphologically *** on temperature,relative humidity,rain/ precipitations during the survey period was retrieved from governmental sources and analyzed. Results:the city was warmer in dry season(DS) than wet season(WS).No rain occurred at all during DS and even precipitations did fall,wetting events were much greaterduring *** survey revealed the co-breeding of Aedes,Culex and Anopheles in a variety of artificial containers in and around homes.32109 larvae representing 1st,2nd,3rd,and 4th stages were collected from 22618 container *** was far the commonest and Aedes genus was as numerous as the Culex *** larval abundance exhibited marked temporal variations,overall, being usually more abundant during *** types of artificial containers were found with developing larvae.70%of these habitats were located indoors.71.42%of indoor containers were permanent and 28.58* was semi-permanent during *** tanks was the only container type permanent during *** larval indices(CI,HI,Bl) recorded were greater during WS. Conclusions:Taken together,these results indicate a high risk of dengue transmission in the holy city.

关键词： Aedes aegypti Larval indices Environmental factors Dengue incidence

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the Behcet’s Disease: An Uncommon Cause of Venous thrombosis in the Tropical Area: 10 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2017年第4期7卷 177-184页

作者： B. C. Fall A. C. Ndao S. Sarr M. dieng S. Ndongo A. Leye A. Pouye Department of Internal Medicine Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Internal Medicine Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Cardiology Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Internal Medicine Pikine Hospital Pikine Senegal

Introduction: the Behcet’s disease is deemed to be scarce in Black Africa where data are still scattered. the purpose of our study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinic and evolutive particularities of the patients whose presenting symptoms of the Behcet’s diseases were a venous thrombosis. Patients and Methods: It was a descriptive, multicenter, and cross-sectional study lasting 15 months. We brought together all the cases of the Behcet’s disease revealed by venous thrombosis. the diagnosis was based on clinical criteria of the international group of study of the Behcet’s disease in 2007. Results: We have grouped 10 revealing thrombosis cases of the Behcet’s diseases during our study period. the average age was 34. the average wait period between the appearances of the early symptoms and the diagnosis of the very disease was 30 months. the admission motives were the abdominal pain (2 cases), a thrombophlebitis of the lower limb (2 cases), headaches (1 case), coma (1 case), a thrombophlebitis of the upper limb (3 cases). the thrombotic symptoms were exclusively venous-located. the seats of the thrombosis were the vena cava superior in 30% of the cases, the vena cava inferior in 20% of the cases, the veins of the lower limb in 20% of the cases, the cerebral vein in 20% of the cases, and the auxiliary vein in 10% of the cases. the treatment of the deep venous thrombosis consisted in all the cases of an effective anticoagulation associated with the colchicine. Primarily, the corticotherapy with a high dose was used in all the patients. One of them in the comatose stage, manifesting both cerebral thrombophlebitis and aseptic meningitis, had died. Conclusion: Behcet’s disease is a disease of the young adult, but it must be evoked even in old age, with a view to appropriate management, in order to avoid the complications of the disease. Although it is rare in our regions, it should be sought in the etiological assessment of venous thrombosis whatever th

关键词： Behcet’s Disease thrombosis Senegal

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Formation and Transport of a Saharan Dust Plume in Early Summer

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2023年第2期6卷 58-74页

作者： Habib Senghor Abdou L.dieng Moussa Gueye Cheikh A.Diop Mariane D.Kane amadou T.Gaye Agence Nationale de l’Aviation Civile et de la Météorologie Dakar8184Sénégal Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère et de l’Océan Siméon-Fongang(LPAO-SF) UniversitéCheikh Anta DiopDakar10700Sénégal Département de Mathématiques et Informatiques Universitédu Sine Saloum Elhadj Ibrahima NiassKaolack BP 55Sénégal

this research studies the capability of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Chemistry/Aerosol module(WRF-Chem)with and without parametrization to reproduce a dust storm,which was held on 27th June 2018 over Sahara *** authors use satellite observations and ground-based measurements to evaluate the WRF-Chem *** sensitivities of WRF-Chem Model are tested on the replication of haboob features with a tuned GOCART aerosol *** of simulations with satellite and ground-based observations show that WRF-Chem is able to reproduce the Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)distribution and associated changes of haboob in the meteorological fields with temperature drops of about 9℃and wind gust 20 m·s–*** WRF-Chem Convec-tion-permitting model(CPM)shows strong 10-meter winds induced a large dust emission along the leading edge of a convective cold pool(LECCP).the CPM indicates heavy dust transported over the West African coast(16°W-10°W;6°N-21°N)which has a potential for long-distance travel on 27th June between 1100 UTC and 1500 *** daily precipitation is improved in the CPM with a spatial distribution similar to the GPM-IMERG precipitation and maxi-mum rainfall located at the right *** well as raising a large amount of dust,the haboob caused considerable dam-age along its route.

关键词： Dust storm WRF-Chem Convection-permitting Parameterization MCS

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Haemorrhagic Lupus: A Diagnosis Emergency, Report about 6 Cases

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2021年第4期11卷 231-237页

作者： Fall Biram Codou Walah Dimitri dieng Mouhamed Diaw Bamba Tode Johanita Gaye Ahmadou Salane Aly Ndao Awa Cheikh Cisse amadou Fall Sow Maimouna M. A. Ndour Djiba Boundia Kane Baidy Sy Fall Seynabou Leye Abdoulaye Pouye Abdoulaye Ndongo Souhaibou Department of Internal Medicine at DalalJamm Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Internal Medicine at Dantec Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Internal Medicine at Pikine Hospital Dakar Sénégal Department of Hematology at DalalJamm Hospital Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Haemorrhagic manifestations rarely represent the mode of onset of lupus and are a therapeutical and diagnosis emergency. We report 6 cases of haemorrhagic manifestations disclosing lupus. Patients and methods: It’s about a retrospective, descriptive and multicentric study ranged from 1st January 2014 to 5th January 2019. Were included in the study all cases of lupic disease revealed by hemorrhagic disorders, recorded in 3 Internal Medicine Departments in Dakar: DalalJamm, Dantec, Pikine. the diagnosis of lupus was made on the basis of the 1997 modified classification criteria of ACR for SLE. Results: We gathered 6 cases of women affected by lupic disease. the mean age was 32 years old with extremes ranged from 17 to 56 years. According to haemorrhagic disorders, the diagnosis of lupus was automatically made in 5 of the cases and it took 6 months to confirm the last one. Haemorrhagic features were ruled by purpura (3/6 cases) and nose-bleeding associated with gumbleeding (2/6 cases), epistaxis and melena (1/6 case), hypermenorrhea (1/6 case), cerebral haematoma (1/6case). Cutaneous (5/6), articular (4/6), renal (2/6) and serous (2/6) disorders specially represented the other manifestations. Biological findings showed cytopenia with 3 cases of anaemia, 1 case of leucopenia and 6 cases of thrombopenia. the average of the platelet count was at 20,000 cells/mm3 with extremes ranged from 1000 to 35,000 cells/mm3. thrombocytopenia was related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in 3 cases, to Evans’ syndrome in 2 cases, to macrophage activation syndrome in 1 case. Immunological investigations found the presence of antinuclear antibodies (1/6), anti-dsDNA (2/6) and anti-Sm (4/6). All patients received a bolus of Solumedrol followed by an administration of Prednisone at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg (3 cases) and 1 mg/kg to the other patients. A transfusion of platelet concentrates was performed for all of them. the evolution was favorable in 4 cases. Two

关键词： Haemorrhagic Lupus Emergency

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Patterns of Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in Adults Treated in a Dakar Single Center: About 58 Cases

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第4期10卷 265-273页

作者： A. dieng M. A. Ba A. Sy M. Ndongo B. Ndiaye M. S. Diawara M. Faye Mo Faye B. Ba N. Keita S. Diagne C. Ouanekpone A. T. Lemrabott M. M. Cissé E. F. Ka A. Niang Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Kidney Transplant in Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Department of Nephrology and Dialysis in Regional Hospital Thies Senegal

Introduction: the evolution of primary FSGS is often marked by the occurrence of relapse and corticosteroid resistance and the therapeutic options are numerous and have limited effectiveness. the objective of our study was to assess our practice in this lesion. Patients and Methods: We carried out a retrospective study of patients treated for primary FSGS the period January 1, 2010 to September 30, 2018. the clinical pathological, therapeutic and evolutive characteristics were studied. Results: Fifty-eight patients were included in the study. the average age was 30.74 ± 11.35 years and the sex ratio (M/F) was 2.41. Edema was found in 86.2% and hypertension in 37.9%. the average creatinine was 20.17 ± 16.06 mg/l and the average GFR according to MDRD was 82.43 ± 69.06 ml/min/1.73 m2. the average albumin level was 15.11 ± 5.78 g/l and the 24-hour proteinuria was 7.8 ± 3.79 g/24 h. Nephrotic syndrome was the main indication for renal biopsy in 84.48% and the classic form of FSGS was found in 90.9%. the average initial corticosteroid dose was 62.68 ± 10.04 mg/d and the average duration of regression was 11.78 ± 7.40 months. Forty-five patients (77.6%) were corticosensitive (27.6% complete remission and 50% partial remission). Corticosteroid resistance was observed in 19% and corticosteroid dependence in 11.1%. the proportion of relapse was 33.3% within an average of 15.4 ± 9.1 months. Cyclosporine was no longer prescribed as a second-line treatment in 8 patients. Infectious complications were more found in 19%. Two patients had progressed to ESRD and we noted 2 death cases. the male gender was correlated with the occurrence of a relapse. However, the impact of certain factors such as hypertension, proteinuria, hematuria and GFR level has not been demonstrated. Conclusion: the evolution of primary FSGS is unpredictable, often marked by relapses, hence the interest in identifying factors associated with th

关键词： FSGS Nephrotic Syndrome Corticosteroid Resistance

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