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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第12期7卷 613-627页

作者： Syahran Wael Theopilus Wilhelmus Watuguly Ine Arini alwi smit Nur Matdoan Dwi Retna Prihati Ana Bina Sari Didik Wahyudi Tri Rini Nuringtyas Nastiti Wijayanti Pudji Astuti Department of Biology Universitas Pattimura Kota Ambon Indonesia Department of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Midwifery Poltekkes Kemenkes Surakarta Klaten Indonesia Department of Medical Diagnostics Bakti Asih College of Health Bandung Indonesia Department of Medical Laboratory Technology National College of Health Solo Indonesia Department of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Background and Objective: Syzygium aromaticum is an immunomodulator with the main active compound eugenol which can stimulate the function of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage production. Lymphocytes play an important role for body protection against infection. This study aims to analyze the effect of S. aromaticum extract to increase proliferation of lymphocytes, lymphoblasts and macrophage production in Balb/c mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium. Methodology: Mice strain Balb/c were divided into 4 groups: treatment group infected with S. typhimurium and control group (without treatment) to tested the activity of peritoneal macrophages. The treatment group was administrated by S. aromaticum leaf extract (15 mg, 75 mg, 150 mg/kgbw) for 12 days. Results: S. aromaticum leaf extract increased the proliferation activity (p Conclusion: Administration of S. aromaticum leaf extract increased the proliferation activity of lymphocytes, lymphoblasts and ROI secretion of macrophagesin Balb/c mice infected with S. typhimurium.

关键词： Syzygium aromaticum Lymphocytes Lymphoblast Macrophage Salmonella typhimurium

Role of endoscopic-ultrasound-guided biliary drainage with electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 1981-1985页

作者： smit S Deliwala Emad Qayed Department of Medicine Division of Digestive DiseasesEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30303United States

In this editorial,we discuss the article by Peng et al in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery,focusing on the evolving role of endoscopicultrasound-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD)with electrocautery lumen apposing metal stent(LAMS)for distal malignant biliary *** endoscopy has rapidly advanced in decompression techniques,with growing evidence of its safety and efficacy surpassing percutaneous and surgical *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)has been the gold standard for biliary decompression,its failure rate approaches 10.0%,prompting the exploration of alternatives like *** random-effects meta-analysis demonstrated high technical and clinical success of over 90.0% and an adverse event rate of 17.5%,mainly in the form of stent *** based on stent size were not reported but the majority used 6 mm and 8 mm *** the body of literature continues to demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique,the challenges of stent dysfunction need to be addressed in future *** strategy that has shown promise is placement of double-pigtail stents,only 18% received the prophylactic intervention in this *** expect this to improve with time as the technique continues to be refined and *** results above establish EUS-BD with LAMS as a reliable alternative after failed ERCP and considering EUS to ERCP upfront in the same session is an effective *** the promising results,studies must explore the role of EUS-BD as first-line therapy for biliary decompression.

关键词： Endoscopic-ultrasound Malignant biliary obstruction Lumen apposing metal stent Choledochoduodenostomy Hepaticogastrostomy

《耳鸣患者皮层和皮层下听觉区超高场MRI的研究》摘译

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2024年第4期32卷 384-385页

作者：申丽君文之(摘译) 曹永茂(审校) Berlot E Arts R smit J 武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科武汉430060 武汉大学人民医院放射科

耳鸣研究的难点之一在于难以将耳鸣感知与其他合并症进行区分,例如听力损失和声音耐受性降低(DST)经常同时出现。在研究耳鸣动物模型时,区分起来尤其困难。对耳鸣患者研究时往往未能充分控制混杂因素。最近的研究表明,在仔细控制听力损... 详细信息

耳鸣研究的难点之一在于难以将耳鸣感知与其他合并症进行区分,例如听力损失和声音耐受性降低(DST)经常同时出现。在研究耳鸣动物模型时,区分起来尤其困难。对耳鸣患者研究时往往未能充分控制混杂因素。最近的研究表明,在仔细控制听力损失和DST后,耳鸣组和对照组之间先前存在的差异消失了。另一个难点是非侵入性测量技术的空间分辨率有限。为了检测诸如内侧膝状体(MGB)和下丘(IC)等皮层下听觉结构的频率响应特异性,需要高空间分辨率。由于这些结构仅为几立方毫米(例如内侧膝状体为4 mm×5 mm×4.5 mm),常规磁场(3T及以下)下的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)的空间分辨率为2 mm×2 mm×2 mm,无法检查这些微小结构中频率响应的特异性。7T的超高场(UHF)磁共振成像(MRI)提供的灵敏度有足够的分辨率显示微小的听觉皮层下结构的响应,便于详细描述其频率拓扑。本实验研究旨在UHF-MRI应用于耳鸣患者探索耳鸣的机制。

关键词：内侧膝状体立方毫米耳鸣患者混杂因素听力损失皮层下高空间分辨率动物模型

The P-T-t-D evolution of the Mahabharat,east-central Nepal:The out-of-sequence development of the Himalaya

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 372-382页

作者： Kyle P.Larson Sudip Shrestha Mathieu Soret Matthijs smit Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Okanagan3247 University WayKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver2020-2207 Main MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

A garnet-bearing schist from the southernmost such exposure along the Himalaya in east central Nepal records prograde metamorphism at 32.4±0.3 *** equilibria modelling,combined with Ti-in-biotite and quartz caxis thermometry,outline a tight-to-hairpin pressure-temperature(P-T)path extending from~515℃ and 5.5 kbar to peak conditions at~575℃ and 7 kbar followed by deformation during the retrograde phase at 480-515℃ and 6-7 *** new geochronology data place an upper bound on the evolution of metamorphism and deformation in the frontal-most part of the Himalaya,which lasted until 17.5 Ma,as indicated by previously published ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar *** P-T-time data from this part of the Himalaya,as well as that from more hinterlandward portions of the orogen,outline a progressive,stepwise,commonly out-of-sequence *** data from along the orogen indicates that this evolution is not a local phenomenon,but instead characterizes the tectonics of this system as a whole.

关键词： Himalaya Metamorphism Kinematics Lu-Hf Geochronology Nepal

Management factors affecting densities of common grassland birds of high elevation grasslands of eastern South Africa:Ingula as a case study

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 37-49页

作者： David H.Maphisa Hanneline smit-Robinson Les G.Underhill Res Altwegg South African National Biodiversity Institute Statistics in Ecology Environment and ConservationDepartment of Statistical SciencesUniversity of Cape Town Bird Life South Africa Applied Behavioural Ecological and Ecosystem Research Unit(ABEERU) UNISA Animal Demography Unit Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape Town African Climate and Development Initiative University of Cape Town

Background: World?wide grassland birds are in decline due to habitat loss and degradation resulting from inten?sive agricultural practices. Understanding how key grassland habitat attributes determine grassland bird densities is required to make appropriate conservation decisions. We examine drivers of bird densities in a South African grass?land area that has been managed for biodiversity conservation with reduced grazing ***: We estimated the density of the eight most common grassland bird species encountered in our area to evaluate the effects of recent grassland management changes on the avifauna. We collected data on birds and habitat from the austral summers of 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2010/2011. We used hierarchical distance sampling methods to estimate density of birds relative to two main habitat variables, i.e., grass cover and height. In addition, we used regression splines within these distance sampling models as a more flexible description of suitable ranges of grass height and cover for each ***: For most species, density is related to grass height and cover as expected. The African Quailfinch(Ortygospiza atricollis) and Common Quail(Coturnix coturnix) preferred relatively short and open grass. The Yellow?breasted Pipit(Anthus chloris), African Pipit(Anthus cinnamomeus) and Red?capped Lark(Calandrella cinerea) preferred short and relatively dense grass, while the Wing?snapping Cisticola(Cisticola ayresii) preferred grass of intermediate height and cover. The Cape Longclaw(Macronyx capensis) and Zitting Cisticola(Cisticola juncidis) preferred tall and dense grass. Our results agree with previous studies that grass height combined with grass cover are the most important habitat features that managers should manipulate in order to increase the density of target species. The regression splines show that the effect of these two habitat variables on density is well described by linear relationships for most ***: This

关键词： Density and detection Grassland birds Grass height and cover Hierarchical distance sampling models

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持续农业及其中国态势

地理学报 1995年第2期50卷 97-106页

作者：蔡运龙 smit,B 北京大学城市与环境学系

农业是发生在生物－自然、社会－政治、经济－技术这三重环境内各种过程的综合体，因此农业的持续性也可归纳为生态、经济、社会三重定义。持续农业在不同的空间尺度上具有不同的意义，在地方和区域尺度上就是生态农业，在国家和全球尺... 详细信息

农业是发生在生物－自然、社会－政治、经济－技术这三重环境内各种过程的综合体，因此农业的持续性也可归纳为生态、经济、社会三重定义。持续农业在不同的空间尺度上具有不同的意义，在地方和区域尺度上就是生态农业，在国家和全球尺度上，则更注意食物及其分配问题。据此。

关键词：持续发展农业食物问题生态农业中国

Characteristics of leukemic stem cells in acute leukemia and potential targeted therapies for their specific eradication

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第2期5卷 344-367页

作者： Quinty Hansen Costa Bachas Linda smit Jacqueline Cloos Department of Hematology Amsterdam UMCLocation VUmcCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam 1081HVThe Netherlands

In acute myeloid leukemia(AML),a small cell population that contains stem cell features such as lack of differentiation,self-renewal potential,and drug resistance,can be *** so-called leukemic stem cells(LSCs)are thought to be responsible for relapse initiation after initial treatment leading to successful eradication of the bulk AML cell *** many studies have aimed to characterize and eliminate LSCs to prevent relapse and increase survival rates of patients,LSCs are one of the best characterized cancer stem *** specific elimination of LSCs,while sparing the healthy normal hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs),is one of the major challenges in the treatment of *** review focuses on several surface markers and intracellular transcription factors that can distinguish AML LSCs from HSCs and,therefore,specifically eliminate these stem cell-like leukemic ***,previous and ongoing clinical trials of acute leukemia patients treated with therapies targeting these markers are *** contrast to knowledge on LSCs in AML,insight into LSCs in acute lymphoid leukemia(ALL)is *** review therefore also addresses the latest insight into LSCs in ALL.

关键词： Acute myeloid leukemia acute lymphoid leukemia leukemic stem cells targeted therapy

In vivo biofilm formation on stainless steel bonded retainers during different oral health-care regimens

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International Journal of Oral Science 2015年第1期7卷 42-48页

作者： Marije A Jongsma Henny C van der Mei Jelly Atema-smit Henk J Busscher Yijin Ren Department of Orthodontics University of Groningen and University Medical Centre Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Groningen and University Medical Centre

Retention wires permanently bonded to the anterior teeth are used after orthodontic treatment to prevent the teeth from relapsing to pre-treatment positions. A disadvantage of bonded retainers is biofilm accumulation on the wires, which produces a higher incidence of gingival recession, increased pocket depth and bleeding on probing. This study compares in vivo biofilm formation on single-strand and multi-strand retention wires with different oral health-care regimens. Two-centimetre wires were placed in brackets that were bonded to the buccal side of the first molars and second premolars in the upper arches of 22 volunteers. Volunteers used a selected toothpaste with or without the additional use of a mouthrinse containing essential oils. Brushing was performed manually. Regimens were maintained for 1 week, after which the wires were removed and the oral biofilm was collected to quantify the number of organisms and their viability, determine the microbial composition and visualize the bacteria by electron microscopy. A 6-week washout period was employed between regimens. Biofilm formation was reduced on single-strand wires compared with multi-strand wires; bacteria were observed to adhere between the strands. The use of antibacterial toothpastes marginally reduced the amount of biofilm on both wire types, but significantly reduced the viability of the biofilm organisms. Additional use of the mouthrinse did not result in significant changes in biofilm amount or viability. However, major shifts in biofilm composition were induced by combining a stannous fluoride- or triclosan-containing toothpaste with the mouthrinse. These shifts can be tentatively attributed to small changes in bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity after the adsorption of the toothpaste components, which stimulate bacterial adhesion to the hydrophobic oil, as illustrated for a Streptococcus mutans strain.

关键词： antimicrobials biofilm bonded retention wires mouthrinse orthodontics

Polymeric foams for flexible and highly sensitive low-pressure capacitive sensors

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npj Flexible Electronics 2019年第1期3卷 72-77页

作者： Mickaël Pruvost Wilbert J.smit Cécile Monteux Philippe Poulin Annie Colin Chimie Biologie Innovation ESPCI ParisCNRSPSL University75005 ParisFrance Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle ESPCI ParisCNRSPSL University75005 ParisFrance Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal CNRSUniversitéde Bordeaux115 Avenue Schweitzer33600 PessacFrance

Flexible low-pressure sensors(<10 kPa)are required in areas as diverse as blood-pressure monitoring,human–computer interactions,robotics,and object *** applications,it is essential that these sensors combine flexibility,high sensitivity,robustness,and low production *** works involve surface micro-patterning,electronic amplification(OFET),and ***,these solutions are limited as they involve complex processes,large bias voltages,large energy consumption,or are sensitive to ***,we report a major advance to solve the challenge of scalable,efficient and robust *** present an unconventional capacitive sensor based on composite foam materials filled with conductive carbon black *** to the elastic buckling of the foam pores,the sensitivity exceeds 35 kPa^(−1) for pressure<0.2 *** performances are one order of magnitude higher than the ones previously *** materials are low-cost,easy to prepare,and display high capacitance values,which are easy to measure using low-cost *** materials pave the road for the implementation of e-skin in commercialized applications.

关键词： computer filled buckling

Molecular Simulation of CO2/H2 Mixture Separation in Metal-organic Frameworks： Effect of Catenation and Electrostatic Interactions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2009年第5期17卷 781-790页

作者：阳庆元许青刘蓓仲崇立 smit Berend Lab of Computational Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Berkeley CA 94720-1462 USA

In this work grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations were performed to study gas separation in three pairs of isoreticular metal-organic frameworks (IRMOFs) with and without catenation at room *** composed of CO2 and H2 was selected as the model system to *** results show that CO2 selectivity in catenated MOFs with multi-porous frameworks is much higher than their non-catenated *** simulations also show that the electrostatic interactions are very important for the selectivity,and the contributions of different electrostatic interactions are different,depending on pore size,pressure and mixture *** fact,changing the electrostatic interactions can even qualitatively change the adsorption behavior.A general conclusion is that the electrostatic interactions between adsorbate molecules and the framework atoms play a dominant role at low pressures,and these interactions in catenated MOFs have much more pronounced effects than those in their non-catenated counterparts,while the electrostatic interactions between adsorbate molecules become evident with increasing pressure,and eventually dominant.

关键词： separation catenation electrostatic interactions metal-organic frameworks molecular simulation