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a.ricultura. Sciences 2017年第1期8卷 64-76页

作者： Enrique G. Medra.o alois a. bell United Sta.es Depa.tment of a.riculture Agricultural Research Service College Station TX USA

Pa.toea.a.a.a.is (Serra.o) representa.ives a.e known to ha.e a.broa. host ra.ge including both huma.s a.d pla.ts. The cotton flea.opper (Pseuda.omoscelis seria.us, Reuter) is a.significa.t pest tha. ca.ses cotton bud da.a.e tha. ma. result in significa.t yield losses. In this study, a.ba.teria. stra.n previously isola.ed from a.flea.opper wa. tested for cotton infectivity using simula.ed insect feeding. In a.dition, cotton flea.oppers collected from the field were ra.sed on green bea.s in the la.ora.ory to test the insects’ ca.a.ity to vector cotton pa.hogens. a.ult insects were then ca.ed with greenhouse grown cotton buds. Buds tha. rema.ned or a.scised from the pla.ts following feeding by the insect consistently showed necrosis of the ova.y including the wa.l. a.collection of ba.teria. isola.es from both ca.ed insects a.d disea.ed buds wa. a.a.yzed using ca.bon utiliza.ion a.d enzyme production tests, fa.ty a.id methyl ester profile a.a.ysis, a.d by cloning a.d sequencing 16S RNa.genes. Results showed tha. the ma.ority of the isola.es were best cla.sified a. P. a.a.a.is. Upon simula.ed flea.opper feeding (i.e., penetra.ive inocula.ion), the flea.opper isola.e rotted cotton buds. These results indica.ed the flea.oppers a.e vectors of opportunistic P. a.a.a.is stra.ns ca.sing loss of the cotton fruiting structures.

关键词： Bud a.scission Opportunistic Pa.hogens Gossypium hirsutum

a.novel stra.egy for ionomer coa.ing of a. na.opa.ticles used for the electrochemica. reduction of CO2 to CO in a.membra.e electrode a.sembly

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Na.iona. Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： a.exis T.bell Depa.tment of Chemica. a.d Biomolecula. Engineering University of California

The electrochemica. reduction of the CO2rea.tion （CO2RR） offers a. a.tra.tive mea.s for converting the ca.bon content of CO2, relea.ed from a.sta.iona.y source or the a.mosphere, into fuels a.d chemica.s [1]. Utiliz...

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Liver tra.spla.ta.ion a. a. a.terna.ive for the trea.ment of non-resecta.le liver colorecta. ca.cer: a.va.cing the thera.eutic a.gorithm

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Hepa.obilia.y & Pa.crea.ic Disea.es Interna.iona. 2024年第2期23卷 154-159页

作者： Ba.i Ra.a.hdeh Richa.d bell a.dul Ha.eem Ra. Pra.a. Division of Tra.spla.t Surgery Department of General SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA Leeds Tea.hing Hospita. LeedsUK

Colorecta. ca.cer is a.lea.ing ca.se of ca.cerrela.ed morta.ity,with nea.ly ha.f of the a.fected pa.ients developing liver *** three deca.es,liver resection(LR)ha. been the prima.y cura.ive stra.egy,yet its a.plica.ility is limited to a.out 20%of *** tra.spla.ta.ion(LT)for unresecta.le meta.ta.es wa. a.tempted unsuccessfully in the 1990s,with high ra.es of periopera.ive dea.h a.d *** is now more interest in this stra.egy due to improvements in systemic thera.ies a.d surgica. techniques.a.significa.t study conducted by the Oslo group showed tha. pa.ients receiving liver tra.spla.ts ha. a.60%cha.ce of surviva. a.ter five *** better results ha.e been a.hieved by using a.va.ced ima.ing for risk stra.ifica.ion a.d further refining selection criteria.especia.ly in the Norvegia. SECa.*** review ca.efully cha.ts the development a.d history of LT a. a.trea.ment option for colorecta. ca.cer liver *** revolutiona.y pa.h from the ea.ly da.s of explora.ory surgery to the current situa.ion of ca.tious optimism is tra.ed,highlighting the critica. clinica. developments a.d improved pa.ient selection sta.da.ds tha. ha.e ma.e LT a.potentia.ly cura.ive trea.ment for such cha.lenging very well selected ca.es.

关键词： Liver tra.spla.ta.ion Colorecta. ca.cer liver meta.ta.es Non-resecta.le liver meta.ta.es

Risk ma.ping of wildlife-vehicle collisions a.ross thesta.e of Monta.a.USa.a.ma.hine-lea.ning a.proa.h forimba.a.ced da.a.a.ong rura. roa.s

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Tra.sporta.ion Sa.ety a.d Environment 2024年第3期6卷 124-132页

作者： Ma.thew bell Yiyi Wa.g Rob a.ent Western Tra.sporta.ion Institute Montana State University2327 University WayBozemanMT 59717USA School of Engineering San Francisco State University1600 Holloway AveSan FranciscoCA 94132USA

Wildlife-vehicle collisions(WVCs)with la.ge a.ima.s a.e estima.ed to cost the USa.over 8 billion USD in property da.a.e,tens of thousa.ds of huma. injuries a.d nea.ly 200 huma. fa.a.ities ea.h *** WVCs occur on rura. roa.s a.d a.e not collected evenly a.ong roa. segments,lea.ing to imba.a.ced *** a.e a.disproportiona.e number of a.a.ysis units tha. ha.e zero WVC ca.es when investiga.ing la.ge geogra.hic a.ea. for collision *** units with zero WVCs ca. reduce prediction a.cura.y a.d wea.en the coefficient estima.es of sta.istica. lea.ning *** study demonstra.es tha. the use of the synthetic minority over-sa.pling technique(SMOTE)to ha.dle imba.a.ced WVC da.a.in combina.ion with sta.istica. a.d ma.hine-lea.ning models improves the a.ility to determine sea.ona. WVC risk a.ross the rura. highwa. network in Monta.a.*** a.ra. of regula.ized va.ia.les describing la.dsca.e,roa. a.d tra.fic were used to develop nega.ive binomia. a.d ra.dom forest models to infer WVC ra.es per 100 million vehicle miles *** ra.dom forest model is found to work pa.ticula.ly well with SMOTE-a.gmented da.a.to improve the prediction a.cura.y of sea.ona. WVC ***-a.gmented da.a.a.e found to improve a.cura.y when predicting cra.h risk a.ross fine-gra.ned grids while reta.ning the cha.a.teristics of the origina. *** a.a.yses suggest tha. SMOTE a.gmenta.ion mitiga.es da.a.imba.a.ce tha. is encountered in sea.ona.ly divided WVC *** resea.ch provides the ba.is for future risk-ma.ping models a.d ca. potentia.ly be used to a.dress the low ra.es of WVCs a.d other cra.h types a.ong rura. roa.s.

关键词： wildlife-vehicle collisions ma.hine lea.ning SMOTE nega.ive binomia. risk ma.ping

Optimizing oncolytic virus design:a.Swiss a.my knife”a.proa.h to crea.e a.systemica.ly delivered thera.eutic

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Signa. Tra.sduction a.d Ta.geted Thera.y 2024年第5期9卷 1791-1792页

作者： Ca.olina.S.Ilkow John Ca.eron bell Otta.a.Hospita. Resea.ch Institute 501 Smyth RoadOttawaONK1H 8L6Canada

In a.recent pa.er published in Na.ure Biotechnology,Chen et a..1 describe a.multiplex oncolytic virus pla.form tha. coupled with a.optive T cell thera.y could solve the problem of repea.,systemic delivery of virus ba.ed *** is widely a.cepted tha. multi-ta.geted thera.eutic a.proa.hes a.ta.king severa. fa.ets of ca.cer biology a.e necessa.y to effectively dea. with the tumor heterogeneity tha. exists within a.d between pa.ients.

关键词： thera.eutic a.. ta.geted

a.Serra.ia.ma.cesens Stra.ns Involved in Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Boll Infection by a.Proka.yote

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a.ricultura. Sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1565-1578页

作者： Enrique G. Medra.o Ja.es P. Glover alois a. bell Micha.l J. Brewer Insect Control & Cotton Disea.e Resea.ch Unit United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) College Station TX USA Texa. a.riLife Resea.ch a.d Extension Center Department of Entomology Texas A&M University Corpus Christi TX USA USDa.a.S Southern Insect Management Research Unit Stoneville MS USA

a.boll infection ca.sed by non-tra.itiona. cotton pa.hogens wa. first reported to occur in the southea.tern U.S. Cotton Belt (yea. 2000) a.d ha. since sprea. to Texa. ca.sing significa.t yield losses. This study wa. a.med towa.ds investiga.ing the verde pla.t bug (Creontia.es signa.us) link between interior boll disea.e in Texa., USa. Using gla.shouse grown bolls, ba.teria.recovered from locules with disea.e symptoms from field-grown cotton bolls ca.ed with the piercing-sucking C. signa.us were a.a.yzed for the ca.a.ity to inflict the disea.e. For pa.hogenicity testing, sponta.eously genera.ed rifa.picin resista.t (Rifr) va.ia.ts were utilized to tra.k the a.tibiotic resista.t ba.terium a.d deter growth of endophytic a.d conta.ina.ing ba.teria. To simula.e C. signa.us feeding, a.needle (31 ga.ge) wa. employed to inocula.e bolls a. 13 - 15 da.s a.ter flower bloom. Ba.teria. suspensions ra.ged from 101 - 106 colony forming units/ml. Field infection symptoms were duplica.ed a.ter two weeks of ba.teria. exposure. Infectious stra.ns were best ca.egorized a. Serra.ia.ma.cescens ba.ed on tra.itiona. ca.bon utiliza.ion a.d enzyme production testing, a.d a.99% nucleotide sequence identity of 16S ribosoma. DNa. Puta.ive S. ma.cescens representa.ives isola.ed from rotted bolls exposed to C. signa.us were shown to reproduce field infection symptoms upon inocula.ion into greenhouse grown fruit. Serra.ia./em> spp. ca. inflict disea.e in a.fa.fa. cucurbits, a.d sunflower. The presented da.a.a.e the first to definitively show tha. a.Serra.ia./em> sp. ha. the ca.a.ity to infect cotton.

关键词： Verde Pla.t Bug Opportunistic Ba.teria. Infections a.tibiotic Selection Ma.ker Cotton Boll Disea.e Piercing-Sucking Insects

Robust Ma.hine Lea.ning Ma.ping of sEMG Signa.s to Future a.tua.or Comma.ds in Biomecha.ronic Devices

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Journa. of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： a.i Na.r Sydney bell Ra.hel L.Whitta.er Cla.k R.Dickerson John McPhee Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology a.d Hea.th Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

a.ma.hine lea.ning model for regression of interrupted Surfa.e Electromyogra.hy(sEMG)signa.s to future control-oriented signa.s(e.g.,robot’s joint a.gle a.d a.sistive torque)of a. a.tive biomecha.ronic device for high-level myoelectric-ba.ed hiera.chica. control is proposed.a.Recurrent Neura. Network(RNN)wa. tra.ned using output da.a.initia.ly obta.ned from offline optimiza.ion of the biomecha.ronic(huma.–robot)device a.d shifted by the prediction *** input of the RNN consisted of interrupted sEMG signa.s(to mimic signa. disconnections)a.d previous kinema.ic signa.s of the a.sistive *** RNN with a.0.1-s prediction horizon could predict the control-oriented joint a.gle a.d a.sistive torque with 92%a.d 86.5%regression a.cura.y,respectively,for the test *** proposed a.proa.h permits a.fa.t,predictive,a.d direct estima.ion of control-oriented signa.s instea. of a. itera.ive process tha. optimizes a.sistive torque in the inverse dyna.ic simula.ion of a.multibody huma.–robot *** with these interrupted input signa.s significa.tly improves the regression a.cura.y in the ca.e of sEMG signa. *** Robust Predictive Control-oriented Ma.hine Lea.ning(Robust-MuscleNET)model ca. support volitiona. high-level myoelectric-ba.ed control of biomecha.ronic devices,such a. exoskeletons,prostheses,a.d a.sistive/resistive *** work should study the a.plica.ion to prosthesis control a. well a. the repea.a.ility of the high-level controller with electrode *** low-level hiera.chica. controller tha. ma.a.es the huma.–robot intera.tion,the a.sista.ce/resista.ce stra.egy,a.d the a.tua.or coordina.ion should a.so be studied.

关键词： Myoelectric-ba.ed control-Surfa.e electromyogra.hy Ma.hine lea.ning Multibody system dyna.ics Exoskeleton Bionic

Uncovering the domina.t contribution of intermedia.e vola.ility compounds in seconda.y orga.ic a.rosol forma.ion from bioma.s-burning emissions

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Na.iona. Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zha.g Da.id M.bell Tia.tia. Wa.g Houssni La.ka.da. Tia.qu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea.Surdu Dongyu Wa.g Lin Du Ima. El Ha.da. Ja. G.Slowik a.dre S.H.Prevot Environment Resea.ch Institute Shandong University La.ora.ory of a.mospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Orga.ic va.ors from bioma.s burning a.e a.ma.or source of seconda.y orga.ic a.rosols(SOa.). Previous smog cha.ber studies found tha. the SOa.contributors in bioma.s-burning emissions a.e ma.nly vola.ile orga.ic compounds(VOCs). While intermedia.e vola.ility orga.ic compounds(IVOCs) a.e efficient SOa.precursors a.d contribute a.considera.le fra.tion of bioma.s-burning emissions, their contribution to SOa.forma.ion ha. not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a.newly-developed oxida.ion flow rea.tor to study SOa.forma.ion from wood burning, we find tha. IVOCs ca. contribute ～70% of the formed SOa. i.e.>2 times more tha. VOCs. This previously missing SOa.fra.tion is interpreted to be due to the high wa.l losses of semi-vola.ile oxida.ion products of IVOCs in smog cha.bers. The finding in this study revea.s tha. SOa.production from bioma.s burning is much higher tha. previously thought, a.d highlights the urgent need for more resea.ch on the IVOCs from bioma.s burning a.d potentia.ly other emission sources.

关键词： a.mospheric chemistry bioma.s burning seconda.y orga.ic a.rosol intermedia.e vola.ility orga.ic compounds

Implica.ions of de Fa.to Reuse on Future Regula.ory Developments for Bea.fort-Ja.per Wa.er & Sewer a.thority in Oka.ie, South Ca.olina. USA

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Journa. of Environmenta. Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia.H. Kilgore Shubha.hini Oza.Jeremy Ha.field Ka.herine Y. bell Depa.tment of Technology a.d Innova.ion Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Depa.tment of Resea.ch a.d Innova.ion Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Depa.tment of Digita. Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Depa.tment of Resea.ch a.d Innova.ion Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

a.significa.t portion of the na.iona. wa.er supply ca. be a.tributed to de fa.to or unpla.ned pota.le reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estima.e. Fortuna.ely, the contribution of Wa.er Resource Recovery Fa.ility (WRRF) effluent to wa.ers tha. supply drinking wa.er trea.ment pla.ts ha. been documented by some communities. In the United Sta.es (US), a.ong the top 25 most impa.ted drinking wa.er trea.ment pla.ts by upstrea. WRRF, 16% of the influent flow to the drinking wa.er trea.ment pla.t under a.era.e strea.flow a.d up to 100% under low-flow conditions is WRRF effluent. Currently, the full extent of de fa.to reuse in the US ma. be much higher beca.se of popula.ion growth. The scena.io is no different for Bea.fort-Ja.per Wa.er a.d Sewer a.thority (BJWSa. in South Ca.olina. US, with contributions to the Sa.a.na. River origina.ing from numerous WRRF a.d other upstrea. discha.gers. South Ca.olina.coa.ta. utilities such a. BJSWa.a.e considering direct a.d indirect pota.le reuse options, driven by disposa. limita.ions a.d cha.lenges. Currently, South Ca.olina.does not ha.e a.fra.ework, guidelines, or regula.ions for reuse, but discussions ha.e sta.ted a.ong the regula.ed community. In a.dition to understa.ding the extent of de fa.to reuse, the sta.e will need to develop sta.da.ds a.d best pra.tices to ena.le future a.option of pla.ned pota.le reuse solutions to wa.er resources cha.lenges. Such guida.ce should a.dress huma. hea.th risk ma.a.ement a.d technica. considera.ions rega.ding trea.ment in a.dition to other fa.tors, including source control, stora.e, fa.l-sa.e opera.ion, monitoring, non-cost fa.tors, a.d public a.cepta.ce. This study conducted a.ma.ping a.sessment specific to BJWSa. sa.pled a. four loca.ions on Sa.a.na. River, a.d observed tha. de fa.to reuse is a.proxima.ely 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow months a.d is within the ra.ge genera.ly observed na.ionwide. When coupled with evidence tha. pla.ned pota.le reuse ca. improve huma. h

关键词： Wa.er Reuse De Fa.to Reuse Pla.ned Pota.le Reuse Wa.er Recycling Wa.tewa.er Derived Conta.ina.ts

Prima.y a.d Seconda.y Micropla.tic a.d Na.opla.tic Regula.ions: Perspectives on Wa.er Industry Impa.ts

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Journa. of Environmenta. Protection 2024年第6期15卷 697-715页

作者： Shirin Esta.ba.a.i Giridha. Upa.hya.a.Ma.tha.J. M. Wells Ka.herine Y. bell Brown a.d Ca.dwell New York NY USA Brown a.d Ca.dwell Irvine CA USA EnviroChem Services Cookeville TN USA Brown a.d Ca.dwell Nashville TN USA

Pla.tic pollution, both prima.y a.d seconda.y, is a. environmenta. cha.lenge, prompting regula.ory a.tions a. globa. a.d regiona. levels. With increa.ing resea.ch a.out the impa.ts of micro- a.d na.opla.tics on ecosystems a.d huma. hea.th, governments worldwide ha.e underta.en efforts to a.dress this issue. The globa. community ha. a.va.ced regula.ory efforts tha. ha.e led to the implementa.ion of na.iona. la.s or regula.ions in numerous countries. These mea.ures ba. or restrict the use of prima.y a.d seconda.y micropla.tics a.d na.opla.tics. a. overview of globa. a.d Europea. regula.ory fra.eworks is presented to provide context for the United Sta.es (US). In the endea.or to document pla.tics regula.ion development in the US, a.description of regula.ory a.encies a.d their roles in a.va.cing policy a.d rules a. well a. future direction a.d a.ea. for improvement in regula.ing pla.tics a.e introduced. a.discussion of wha. emerging regula.ions mea. to utilities a.d industries is a.so provided a.ong with a.compa.ison of regula.ory fra.eworks.

关键词： Micropla.tic Regula.ion Environmenta. Governa.ce Pla.tic Pollution Mitiga.ion Regula.ory Fra.ework