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Understanding of the influence of process parameters on the heat transfer behavior at the metal/die interface in high pressure die casting process

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 172-175页

作者： allison John Research & Advanced Engineering Department Scientific Research Laboratory Ford Motor Company

The current paper focuses on the influence of the process parameters on the peak values of the inter-facial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC) at metal/die interface during high pressure die casting (HPDC) process. A "step shape" casting and AM50 alloy were used during the experiment. The IHTC was de-termined by solving the inverse thermal problem based on the measured temperature inside the die. Results show that the initial die surface temperature (IDST, TDI) has a dominant influence while the casting pressure and fast shot velocity have a secondary influence on the IHTC peak values. By curve fitting, it was found that the IHTC peak value (hmax) changes as a function of the IDST in a manner of hmax =eαTγDI. Such relationship between the IHTC peak value and the IDST can also be found when the casting alloy is ADC12, indicating that this phenomenon is a common characteristic in the HPDC process.

关键词： high pressure die casting interfacial heat transfer coefficient AM50 ADC12

A precise monitoring of snow surface height in the region of Lambert Glacier basin-Amery Ice Shelf,East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第1期48卷 100-111页

作者： I.allison Australian Antarctic Division and Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems CRC

The net surface snow accumulation on the Antarctic ice sheet is determined by a combination of precipitation, sublimation and wind redistribution. We present a one-year record of hourly snow-height measurements at LGB69 (70°50'S, 77°04'E, 1850 m a.s.l.). east side of Lambert Glacier basin (LGB), and 4 year record at G3 (70°53'S, 69°52'E, 84 m a.s.l.), Amery Ice Shelf (AIS). The measurements were made with ultrasonic sensors mounted on automatic weather stations installed at two sites. The snow accumulation at LGB69 is approximately 70 cm. Throughout the winter, between April and September, there was little change in surface snow height (SSH) at the two sites. The negative SSH change is due to densification at LGB69, and is due to both ablation and densification at G3. The strongest accumulation at two sites occurred during the period between October and March (accounting for 101.6% at LGB69), with four episodic increasing events occurring during 2002 for LGB69, and eight events during 1999-2002 for G3 (2 to 3 events per year). At LGB69, these episodic events coincided with obvious humidity 'pulses' and decreases of incoming solar radiation as recorded by the AWS. Observations of the total cloud amount at Davis station, 160 km NNE of LGB69, showed good correlation with major accumulation events recorded at LGB69. There was an obvious anti-correlation between the lowest cloud height at Davis and the daily accumulation rate at LGB69. Although there was no correlation over the total year between wind speed and accumulation at LGB69, large individual accumulation events are associated with episodes of strong wind (>7 m/s), we estimate drift snow may contribute to total SSH up to 35%. Strong accumulation events at LGB69 are associated with major storms in the region and inland transport of moist air masses from the coast.

关键词： Antarctica, Lambert Glacier basin, Amery Ice Shelf, accumulation, katabatic wind.

A novel approach to Parkinson's disease treatment with a potentially dual-acting therapeutic agent that targetsα-synuclein aggregation and neuron death

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2577-2578页

作者： allison RBalaj Hiroaki Kaku Department of Investigative Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA

Parkinson's disease(PD),a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder,is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the aggregation ofα-synuclein protein into Lewy *** the current standards of therapy have been successful in providing some symptom relief,they fail to address the underlying pathophysiology of PD and as a result,they have no effect on disease progression.

关键词： aggregation death therapeutic

Interfacial design of new generation of dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells for water oxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第10期61卷 1203-1204页

作者： Yongze Yu allison Curtze Yiying Wu Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University

Artificial photosynthesis involves the conversion of solar energy, water, and CO2into chemical fuels and oxygen. One of the most challenging steps is the production of oxygen from water oxidation, as it involves multi-electron and proton transfer processes. Recently, dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells （DSPECs） have been widely investigated as the devices to attain the goal of water oxidation. Generally, these devices are comprised of a wide band gap semiconductor, typically TiO2or SnO2, a molecular chromophore as a sensitizer, and a water oxidation catalyst （WOC）.

关键词：敏化染料水氧化房间设计界面氧化催化剂光合作用转移过程

Pollutants and fish predator/prey behavior： A review of laboratory and field approaches

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 9-20页

作者： Weis, Judith S. Candelmo, allison Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers University Newark NJ 07102 USA National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA James Howard Laboratory Sandy Hook Highlands NJ 07732 USA

Fish behavior can be altered by contaminants. There is an extensive literature on laboratory behavioral assays, with many chemicals impairing feeding or predator avoidance. However, there is not extensive work on fishes that live in contami- nated environments. Therefore, we then review our recent research on feeding and trophic relations of populations from contami- nated estuaries compared with relatively unpolluted sites. The mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus, is a non-migratory fish; those from more contaminated areas are poor predators and slower to capture active prey （grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio）. In the field, they consume much detritus and sediment, which is not nutritious. They are less active than fish from cleaner sites and more vulnerable to predation. They have altered thyroid glands and neurotransmitter levels, which may underlie altered behaviors Fish from the reference site kept in tanks with sediment and food from the polluted site showed bioaccumulation and reduced prey capture after two months, although fish from the polluted site did not show significant improvement when maintained in a clean environment. Poor nutrition and predator avoidance may be responsible for their being smaller and having a shorter life span than reference fish. Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, are a marine species in which the young-of-the-year spend their first summer in es- tuaries. We found bioaccumulation of contaminants and reduced activity, schooling, and feeding in young-of-the-year bluefish from a relatively unpolluted site that were fed prey fish from a contaminated site. They also had altered thyroid glands and neuro- transmitter levels. Many field-caught specimens had empty stomachs, which is rare in this species. In the fall, when they migrate back out to the ocean, they are smaller, slower, and more likely to starve or to be eaten than those that spent their summer in cleaner estuaries [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 9-20, 2012].

关键词： Predator Feeding Prey Pollution Activity Trophic

Advances in endobariatrics:past,present,and future

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Gastroenterology Report 2023年第1期11卷 140-150页

作者： Abhishek Shenoy allison R.Schulman Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Surgery University of MichiganMichigan MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA

The obesity epidemic in the USA and worldwide is well documented and continues to *** metabolic and bariatric therapies may offer a less invasive approach than surgical *** article will review advances in endobariatrics over the last several decades,addressing the past and current state of bariatric and metabolic *** and Drug Administration-cleared devices and interventions currently under investigation are described including gastric devices,gastric remodeling procedures,small-bowel devices,duodenal ablation,as well as procedures to address weight regain after bariatric *** studies evaluating gastric and duodenal combination therapy,adjunctive pharmacotherapy,as well as individualized precision-health algorithms are underway.

关键词： metabolic devices endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty obesity endobariatrics bariatric therapy

Evaluating information-seeking approaches to metacognition

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 531-542页

作者： Jonathon D. CRYSTAL allison L. FOOTE Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA Department of Psychology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA

Metacognition has been divided into information monitoring and control processes. Monitoring involves knowing that you know or do not know some information without taking corrective action. Control involves taking corrective action based on the knowledge that you know or do not know some information. In comparative metacognition, considerable attention has been paid toward critically assessing putative evidence for information monitoring in non-human animals. However, less attention has been paid toward critically evaluating evidence for control processes in animals. We briefly review a critique of information-monitoring in animals. Next, we apply these concepts to a number of studies that focus on information seeking in animals. The main type of evidence for control processes in animals come from tube tipping experiments. Before having the opportunity to search for the bait in these experiments, the subject sometimes observes opaque tubes being baited but is sometimes prevented from seeing the baiting. The observations that the subjects look more if baiting was not seen and are more accurate if baiting was seen have been taken as evidence for metacognition in information-seeking experiments. We propose simple alternative hypotheses that are sufficient to explain putative evidence for information seeking in animals without positing metacognition. The alternative explanation focuses on two relatively simple principles： First, an animal has a default ＂look before you go＂ response which supersedes random searches in space. Second, spatially guided behavior follows a default rule of ＂go where something good is.＂ These principles can explain the results of tube tipping experiments without proposing metacognition [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 531-542, 2011].

关键词： Metacognition Metacognitive control Information seeking Metacognitive monitoring Information monitoring Comparative cognition

Newfound physiological function of FAIM protein offers hope of novel disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2677-2679页

作者： allison RBalaj Hiroaki Kaku Department of Investigative Medicine Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D.School of MedicineKalamazooMIUSA

Introduction of Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule(FAIM): FAIM was originally discovered in FASresistant mouse primary B lymphocytes in 1999, and was thought of as a FAS-apoptosis inhibitor based on overexpression studies(Schneider et al., 1999). FAIM is an approximately 20 k Da intracellular protein, but a subsequent study identified an alternatively spliced form.

关键词： al. Alzheimer lymphocytes

Biochemical Models for S-RNase-Based Self-Incompatibility

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Molecular Plant 2008年第4期1卷 575-585页

作者： Zhi-Hua Hua allison Fields Teh-hui Kao Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA Present address: Department of Genetics University of Wisconsin Madison WI 53706 USA

S-RNase-based self-incompatibility （SI） is a genetically determined self/non-self-recognition process employed by many flowering plant species to prevent inbreeding and promote outcrosses. For the Plantaginaceae, Rosaceae and Solanaceae, it is now known that S-RNase and S-locus F-box （two multiple allelic genes at the S-locus） determine the female and male specificity, respectively, during SI interactions. However, how allelic products of these two genes interact inside pollen tubes to result in specific growth inhibition of self-pollen tubes remains to be investigated. Here, we review all the previously proposed biochemical models and discuss whether their predictions are consistent with all SI phenomena, including competitive interaction where SI breaks down in pollen that carries two different pollen S-alleles. We also discuss these models in light of the recent findings of compartmentalization of S-RNases in both incompatible and compatible pollen tubes. Lastly, we summarize the results from our recent biochemical studies of PiSLF （Petunia inflata SLF） and S-RNase, and present a new model for the biochemical mechanism of SI in the Solanaceae. The tenet of this model is that a PiSLF preferentially interacts with its non-self S-RNases in the cytoplasm of a pollen tube to result in the assembly of an E3-like complex, which then mediates ubiquitination and degradation of non-self S-RNases through the ubiquitin-26S proteasome pathway. This model can explain all SI phenomena and, at the same time, has raised new questions for further study.

关键词： S-RNase-based self-incompatibility (SI) Biochemical Models