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Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： megan L.SCHILL Richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN allison m.VEACH Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San AntonioSan Antonio TX 78249USA Biochemistry Molecular BiologyEntomology and Plant Pathology DepartmentMississippi State UniversityStarkville MS 39762USA Department of Biological Sciences The University of MemphisMemphis TN 38152USAAntonioand the University of Memphis。

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures *** effect has,and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North *** the southern Appalachian mountains,wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human *** investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties,microbial extracellular enzyme production,and microbial abundances in a temperate region,surface soils(0-15 cm)were collected from two sites(the Great Smoky mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina,USA)spanning lightly,moderately,and severely burned areas,accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as *** soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019(i.e.,0.5,1,and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity *** hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time,with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years *** enzymes varied among burn severities and across time *** burn plots showed greater carbon-specific(β-glucosidase andβ-xylosidase)and phosphorus-specific(acid phosphatase)enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire,but this effect was *** 2.5 years post-fire,theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the *** contrast,the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire,but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years *** fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity,indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during *** results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe,which potentially has long-term impacts on biogeochemical

关键词： burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure 16S rRNA

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Uncovering the immunological repertoire of the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussatus through a transcriptomic-based approach

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第1期4卷 37-42页

作者： Frederico m.Batista allison m.Churcher manuel manchado Alexandra Leitao Deborah m.Power Centro de Cieencias do mar(CCmAR) Universidade do AlgarveCampus de Gambelas8005-139 FaroPortugal Instituto Portugues do mar e da Atmosfera Estaçao Experimental de Moluscicultura de TaviraPortugal Department of Biosciences College of ScienceSwansea UniversitySwanseaSA28PPWalesUnited Kingdom IFAPA Centro El Toruno Junta de AndalucíaCamino Tiro Pichon sn11500 El Puerto de Santa MaríaCadizSpain Environmental Science Center(ESC) Qatar UniversityP.O.Box 2713 DohaQatar

The grooved carpet-shell clam Ruditapes decussatus is native to the Northern Atlantic and mediterranean Sea and has a high commercial *** is one of the main native bivalve species cultured in *** main objective of the present study was to gain further insights into the immunological repertoire of *** through a transcriptomic *** mantle samples of eight *** individuals were sequenced using Illumina platform.A total of 67132 contigs with more than 800 bp were *** annotation of these contigs revealed 146 immune-related *** gene families in which the highest number of immune-related genes was observed were:C1q domain-containing proteins(63),tumor necrosis factors(15)and toll-like receptors(TLRs,10).A total of 5359 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were identified in the 146 immune-related *** density of SNPs ranged between 0.04 and 7.92 SNPs/100 *** highest and the lowest SNP density were observed in genes of the C1q domain-containing protein *** to the importance of TLRs in innate immunity,we focused our attention on these membrane *** TLRs were identified based on protein domain *** analysis revealed that *** TLRs were diverse and only 3 showed orthology with TLRs of known immune functions in other bivalve ***,our analysis suggests that lineage restricted-expansions of TLRs occurred in all mollusc taxa analysed including in venerids.

关键词： Ruditapes decussatus Transcriptome Immune genes Toll-like receptors

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mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi L Neville allison m meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel B Borowicz Dale A Redmer Lawrence P Reynolds Joel S Caton Kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

Background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （Se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary Se （adequate Se [ASe, 11.5 μg/kg BW] or high Se [HSe, 77.0 μg/kg BVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IRES], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. Samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in RES, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to RES, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a Se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where ASe-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a Se by nutrition interaction where ASe-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than HSe-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in RES compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation Selenium Vascularity

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A field guide for aging passerine nestlings using growth data and predictive modeling

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Avian Research 2021年第2期12卷 141-149页

作者： Audrey A.Sanchez Andrew W.Bartlow allison m.Chan Jeanne m.Fair Aaron A.Skinner Kelly Hutchins maria A.musgrave Emily m.Phillips Brent E.Thompson Charles D.Hathcock Environmental Stewardship Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Biosecurity and Public Health Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA Water Program N3BLos AlamosNMUSA

Background:Accurate nestling age is valuable for studies on nesting strategies,productivity,and impacts on repro-ductive *** aging guides consist of descriptions and photographs that are time consuming to read and subjective to *** Western Bluebird(Sialia mexicana)is a secondary cavity-nesting passerine that nests in coniferous and open deciduous *** box programs for cavity-nesting species have provided suitable nesting locations and opportunities for data collection on nestling growth and ***:We developed models for predicting the age of Western Bluebird nestlings from morphometric meas-urements using model training and *** were developed for mass,tarsus,and two different culmen ***:Our models were accurate to within less than a day,and each model worked best for a specific age *** mass and tarsus models can be used to estimate the ages of Western Bluebird nestlings 0-10 days old and were accurate to within 0.5 days for mass and 0.7 days for *** culmen models can be used to estimate ages of nest-lings 0-15 days old and were also accurate to within less than a *** daily mean,minimum,and maximum values of each morphometric measurement are provided and can be used in the field for accurate nestling age estimations in real ***:The model training and validation procedures used here demonstrate that this method can create aging models that are highly *** methods can be applied to any passerine species provided sufficient nest-ling morphometric data are available.

关键词： Cavity-nesting Nest boxes Nestling development Predictive models Western Bluebird

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Complete response to radiation therapy of orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第47期15卷 6000-6003页

作者： allison m Quick mark Bloomston Edward Y Kim Nathan C Hall Nina A mayr Department of Radiation medicine Arthur G.James Cancer HospitalThe Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210 United States Department of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210 United States Department of Radiology The Ohio State University Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing in the United States,and 50%-75%o patients with HCC will develop metastatic disease Orbital metastases from HCC are extremely *** report the case of a 52-year-old male with known metastatic HCC,who presented with severe proptosis and *** orbital mass was identified on magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)and confirmed to have hypermetabolic activity on positron emission tomography/computed *** received a palliative course of external beam radiation therapy to the right *** modulated radiation therapy (ImRT)was used to allow sparing of critical norma tissues in close proximity to the *** month after completion of ImRT to 58 Gray in 30 fractions delivered over 6 wk,the patient had a complete clinical,radiologic(mRI)and symptomatic response The patient continues to have local control in the orbi 1.7 years after therapy *** critical norma structures were kept below the tolerance dose using ImRT,and no toxicities were observed.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Eye neoplasms metastasis Intensity modulated radiation therapy Palliative therapy

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儿童青少年体力活动与骨健康研究的10大问题

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北京体育大学学报 2016年第1期39卷 46-52,60页

作者： Kathleen F.Janz David Q.Thomas m.allison Ford Skip m.Williams 爱荷华大学 Iowa CityIA 52242USA 伊利诺斯州立大学 NornmlIL 61790USA 密西西比大学 OxfordMS 38677USA

证据强烈支持体力活动对骨强度有积极的因果效应,并指出儿童进行体力活动对预防骨质疏松有长远益处。年轻时的健康骨骼可能对预防成年后由于骨量丢失而发生骨质疏松有重要作用。家庭、学校(特别是体育课)和社区是进行骨骼健康促进体力... 详细信息

证据强烈支持体力活动对骨强度有积极的因果效应,并指出儿童进行体力活动对预防骨质疏松有长远益处。年轻时的健康骨骼可能对预防成年后由于骨量丢失而发生骨质疏松有重要作用。家庭、学校(特别是体育课)和社区是进行骨骼健康促进体力活动的重要场所。然而,有关健康促进和体育课对骨骼健康的话题很少,因此最佳的实践方法还不清楚。基于文献资料的了解,我们提出了应该被解决的健康促进和体育课研究的10大问题,从而促进儿童青少年的体力活动。

关键词：儿童时期运动机械(冲击)载荷骨骼健康

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Radiation-Induced Spinal Glioblastoma multiforme: A Rare Complication in the management of Head and Neck Cancer

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2016年第6期5卷 233-241页

作者： Andrew W. Ju H. Ian Robins m. Shahriar Salamat allison m. Grayev Steven P. Howard Department of Radiation Oncology Brody School of Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC USA Department of Human Oncology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of medicine School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Neurology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Department of Radiology School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA

Background: Radiation-induced gliomas of the spinal cord are rare late complications of spinal cord irradiation that typically occur in patients treated at younger ages. Aim: Raise awareness of radiation induced high grade gliomas with a case presentation and a review of the literature. Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male with Stage IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx was treated with external beam radiotherapy with a complete response. Seven years later, he presented with a cervical spinal cord mass on mRI. An open biopsy was performed. Pathology revealed an intramedullary WHO grade IV astrocytoma, (i.e., glioblastoma multiforme) of the cervical spine that fulfilled the criteria for a radiation-induced malignancy. Conclusions : Review of the literature suggests that radiation-induced gliomas tend to be high grade and may occur at the periphery of an irradiated field. Radiation-induced gliomas of the spinal cord are a serious complication of radiotherapy that may occur in older patients with head and neck cancers, but are so rare that it should not affect treatment decisions.

关键词： Central Nervous System Spinal Cord Glioblastoma multiforme Radiation Induced Head and Neck Cancer

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影响建立篱壁式桃园的因素

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国外农学(果树) 1988年第2期 12-16页

作者： allison m.L. 胡军

早在六十年代美国就开始建立比常规密度(6.1×6.1米)更高(>245株/公顷)的桃园。对桃树来说,问题是缺少适宜的矮化砧来控制树体生长量。篱壁式桃园选择栽植密度要有利于迅速形成结果树冠,减缓营养生长和提高产量。最佳的株行距与管理水... 详细信息

早在六十年代美国就开始建立比常规密度(6.1×6.1米)更高(>245株/公顷)的桃园。对桃树来说,问题是缺少适宜的矮化砧来控制树体生长量。篱壁式桃园选择栽植密度要有利于迅速形成结果树冠,减缓营养生长和提高产量。最佳的株行距与管理水平有关,要使光照与分布在篱壁式整枝树冠的外围25～50厘米。通常认为不宜栽植1.5米以上大苗,因大苗移植

关键词：篱壁树冠施肥量肥料种类硝酸钙肥料品种挪威硝石硝酸盐桃园混合肥主干形

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Relationship between Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Derived Appendicular Lean Tissue mass and Total Body Skeletal muscle mass Estimated by Ultrasound

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International Journal of Clinical medicine 2013年第6期4卷 283-286页

作者： Takashi Abe Nicole C. Dabbs Vinayak K. Nahar m. allison Ford martha A. Bass mark Loftin Department of Health Exercise Science & Recreation Management School of Applied Science The University of Mississippi Oxford USA

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is an attractive method for evaluating sarcopenia, age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, using appendicular lean tissue (aLT) mass for criteria of diagnosis, although minimal radiation is exposed. Skeletal muscle (Sm) mass can be estimated by using ultrasound-measured muscle thickness (mTH). However, the association between these two methods is unclear. To examine the relationship between DXA-derived aLT mass and total body Sm mass estimated by ultrasound, thirty-six healthy adults (18 men and 18 women) aged 19 - 65 years participated in this study. Ultrasound-measured muscle thickness was used to estimate the total Sm mass. DXA was used to estimate whole body and regional body composition, and aLT mass was considered equivalent to the sum of lean tissue in both the right and left arms and legs. Total Sm mass (26.3 ± 4.4 kg for men and 15.7 ± 2.6 kg for women) estimated by ultrasound was similar to DXA-estimated aLT mass (24.5 ± 3.8 kg for men and 15.7 ± 2.7 kg for women). There was a strong correlation between DXA-measured aLT mass and total Sm mass estimated by ultrasound in men (r = 0.927, n = 18) and women (r = 0.931, n = 18) as well as overall sample (r = 0.975, n = 36). The ratio of total Sm mass to aLT mass was 1.07 for men and 1.00 for women. These results suggest that DXA-derived aLT mass can be accurately predicted from ultrasound estimated total Sm mass, although the predicted value may underestimate in men (approximately 7% at the group level).

关键词： Body Composition Skeletal muscle mass Sarcopenia B-mode Ultrasonography

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二尖瓣环和主动脉瓣环钙化与系统性钙化性动脉粥样硬化高度相关

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第7期2卷 31-32页

作者： allison m.A. Cheung P. Criqui m.H. 孙凯 mC 0817 3855 Health Sciences Dr San Diego CA 92093-0817 United States Dr.

Background -Atherosclerosis has been implicated as a cause of valvular calcification. The aim of this study was to determine whether atherosclerotic calcification in multiple vascular areas is significantly associated with aortic or mitral annular calcification independent of traditional risk factors. methods and Results -A total of 1242 consecutive asymptomatic patients free of clinical coronary heart disease were studied by electron-beam computed tomography for the extent of calcium due to atherosclerosis in 5 distinct vascular beds and calcium in the aortic and mitral annuli. Nearly 24%had calcium in the aortic annulus, whereas 8%were found to have mitral annular calcification. Age and a history of hypertension were the only traditional cardiovascular risk factors that were independently associated with prevalent calcification in the aortic and mitral annuli. After adjustment for age, gender, and cardiovascular disease risk factors, subjects with calcium in the thoracic aorta had the highest odds for the presence of aortic annular calcium(OR=3.9, Pm in the abdominal aorta had the highest odds for mitral annular calcification(OR=5.1, P=0.01). Standardized increases in calcium in the abdominal aorta(OR=2.0, Pm in the aortic annulus after adjustment for the extent of calcium in the other vascular beds, whereas the thoracic aorta was significantly associated(OR=1.4, P=0.02) with calcium in the mitral annulus. Conclusions -This study supports the hypothesis that calcification of the mitral and aortic annuli is related to atherosclerosis in other vascular beds.

关键词：主动脉瓣环钙化钙化性二尖瓣环瓣膜钙化腹主动脉钙化疾病危险因素钙化程度胸主动脉血管危险

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