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Antibiotic Resistance in the Uropathogenic Enterobacteria Isolated from Patients Attending General Reference Hospital (GRH) of niamey, niger

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 78-90页

作者： Alassane Halawen Mohamed René Dembélé Chaibou Salaou alix bénédicte kagambèga Hiliassa Coulibaly Frédéric François bado Alio Mahamadou Fody Laouali boubou Alkassoum Ibrahim Eric Adehossi Omar Mauricio Arcos Holzinger nicolas barro Microbiology Laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) Niamey Niger Laboratory of Molecular biology Epidemiology and Surveillance of Foodborne Bacteria and Viruses (LaBESTA) University Joseph KI-ZERBO of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Applied Sciences and Technologies University of Dedougou Dedougou Burkina Faso Superior normal School University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger bacteriology Laboratory of the niamey national Hospital (nnH) Niamey Niger Direction of Surveillance and Response to Epidemics Ministry of Public Health Niamey Niger Faculty of Health Sciences University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey Niamey Niger Center for Medical and Health Research Niamey Niger Instituto de Ciencias Médicas Las Tablas Panama

background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a frequent reason for consultation and lead to a significant and sometimes inappropriate prescription of antibiotics. The latter favors antibiotic resistance and an increase in mortality as well as the cost of treatment. The present study aims to contribute to the fight against antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria. Methods: This is a prospective study from January to December, 2021 in the Microbiology laboratory of the General Reference Hospital (GRH) of niamey including 3369 urine samples. The antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria was determined using the Viteck-2 method. Results: At least 280 strains of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from the patient’s urine. Among these strains, Escherichia coli was the most predominant (74.64%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.07%) and Enterobacter cloacae (7.14%) and other enterobacteria 2.15%. These Enterobacteriaceae are more common in community patients than in hospitalized patients. The average age of patients is 52 years and the age group most affected by these enterobacteria is 46 - 60 years (23.33%). The female sex is the most affected sex with (51.07%) against (48.97%) for the male sex with 1.04 as sex ratio. The hospitalization departments most affected by these enterobacteria are nephrology (29.23%) and Endocrinology (21.54%). Up to 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates show high resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ticarcillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, cefixime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid and ofloxacin. Conclusion: The high rate of antibiotic resistance among enterobacteria in urine is of concern. Only a few Enterobacteriaceae show low resistance to ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin. Therefore, these antibiotics are recommended as first line treatment for urinary tract infections.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Urinary Tract Infections Enterobacteriaceae Viteck-2 niger

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Exploring the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on predator inspection activity in Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 109-111页

作者： alix J.P brusseau Laurence E.A.Feyten Adam L.Crane Grant E.brown Department of biology Concordia UniversityMontrealQCH4B 1R6Canada Department of biomedical Sciences WCVMUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Prey animals are often faced with uncertainty due to having imperfect information regarding current local conditions,including predation risks and the availability of reliable foraging opportunities(Dall 2010).As this uncertainty increases,the probability of making costly behavioral errors also increases,leading to more risk averse behavioral tactics(Feyten et al.2019).For example,Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata are far more risk averse when faced with multiple unknown sources of risk assessment information than when faced with a mix of known and unknown cues(Feyten et al.2019).Prey can reduce uncertainty by gathering and integrating private and social information regarding current risk levels within microhabitats(Dall 2010;Munoz and blumstein 2012).

关键词： human disturbance information availability information reliability predator-prey interactions risk assessment uncertainty

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Python Server Page Performance Analysis and Modeling

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Communications and network 2024年第1期16卷 1-30页

作者： Razafindraibe Marolahy alix Randrianomenjanahary Lala Ferdinand Rafamantanantsoa Fontaine Mahatody Thomas F. Angelo Raherinirina University of Fianarantsoa Fianarantsoa Madagascar

Today, in the field of computer networks, new services have been developed on the Internet or intranets, including the mail server, database management, sounds, videos and the web server itself Apache. The number of solutions for this server is therefore growing continuously, these services are becoming more and more complex and expensive, without being able to fulfill the needs of the users. The absence of benchmarks for websites with dynamic content is the major obstacle to research in this area. These users place high demands on the speed of access to information on the Internet. This is why the performance of the web server is critically important. Several factors influence performance, such as server execution speed, network saturation on the internet or intranet, increased response time, and throughputs. by measuring these factors, we propose a performance evaluation strategy for servers that allows us to determine the actual performance of different servers in terms of user satisfaction. Furthermore, we identified performance characteristics such as throughput, resource utilization, and response time of a system through measurement and modeling by simulation. Finally, we present a simple queue model of an Apache web server, which reasonably represents the behavior of a saturated web server using the Simulink model in Matlab (Matrix Laboratory) and also incorporates sporadic incoming traffic. We obtain server performance metrics such as average response time and throughput through simulations. Compared to other models, our model is conceptually straightforward. The model has been validated through measurements and simulations during the tests that we conducted.

关键词： Performance Analysis Queue Performance Model Web Server Internet World Wide Web Web Server Performance

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neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker of brain damage in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

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neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 318-319页

作者： Alfredo garcia-alix Juan Arnaez neonatal neurology NeNe FoundationSpain neonatology Complejo Universitario de BurgosBurgosSpain

neonatal encephalopathy resulting from an asphyxial episode occurring perinatally is a major cause of death and of permanent neurological disabilities worldwide. Therapeutic hypothermia(TH) started within 6 hours of life and maintained for 72 hours is now well established as standard treatment for infants with moderate-to-severe hypoxicischemic encephalopathy(HIE).

关键词： damage neuron death cerebrospinal

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作者： alix Ohlin.

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A Comprehensive Pipeline for Complex Text-to-Image Synthesis

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第3期35卷 522-537页

作者： Fei Fang Fei Luo Hong-Pan Zhang Hua-Jian Zhou alix L.H.Chow Chun-Xia Xiao School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Xiaomi Technology Co.LTD Beijing 100085China

Synthesizing a complex scene image with multiple objects and background according to text description is a challenging *** needs to solve several difficult tasks across the fields of natural language processing and computer *** model it as a combination of semantic entity recognition,object retrieval and recombination,and objects’status *** reach a satisfactory result,we propose a comprehensive pipeline to convert the input text to its visual *** pipeline includes text processing,foreground objects and background scene retrieval,image synthesis using constrained MCMC,and ***,we roughly divide the objects parsed from the input text into foreground objects and background ***,we retrieve the required foreground objects from the foreground object dataset segmented from Microsoft COCO dataset,and retrieve an appropriate background scene image from the background image dataset extracted from the ***,in order to ensure the rationality of foreground objects’positions and sizes in the image synthesis step,we design a cost function and use the Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)method as the optimizer to solve this constrained layout ***,to make the image look natural and harmonious,we further use Poisson-based and relighting-based methods to blend foreground objects and background scene image in the post-processing *** synthesized results and comparison results based on Microsoft COCO dataset prove that our method outperforms some of the state-of-the-art methods based on generative adversarial networks(gans)in visual quality of generated scene images.

关键词： image synthesis scene generation text-to-image conversion Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)

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Impact of mycotoxin on immune response and consequences for pig health

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Animal nutrition 2016年第2期2卷 63-68页

作者： alix Pierron Imourana Alassane-Kpembi Isabelle P.Oswald InRA UMR 1331 ToxAlim Research Centre in Food Toxicology Universite de Toulouse INP UMR 1331 ToxAlim bIOMIn Research Center

Mycotoxins are fungal secondary metabolites detected in many agricultural commodities, especially cereals. Due to their high consumption of cereals, pigs are exposed to these toxins. In the European Union, regulations and/or recommendations exist in pig feed for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, fumonisins,zearalenone, and trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin. These mycotoxins have different toxic effects, but they all target the immune system. They have immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive effects depending on the toxin, the concentration and the parameter investigated. The immune system is primarily responsible for defense against invading organisms. The consequences of the ingestion of mycotoxin-contaminated feed are an increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, a reactivation of chronic infection and a decreased vaccine efficacy. In this review we summarized the data available on the effect of mycotoxins on the immune system and the consequences for pig health.

关键词： Pig Mycotoxins Feed contamination Susceptibility to disease Immunity Vaccine efficacy

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Hygrothermal/UV Aging Effect on Visual Aspect and Mechanical Properties of non-Woven natural-Fiber Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2019年第9期7卷 866-876页

作者： Daniel Scida Sébastien alix Stéphane buet El Hadi Saidane François Courmont Karim behlouli Rezak Ayad Universitéde Reims Champagne Ardenne LISM EA469551097 ReimsFrance EcoTechnilin SAS ZA Caux Multipôles 76190 ValliquervilleArrondissement de RouenFrance

This work aims at studying the effect of hygrothermal and UV cyclic aging on the tensile properties and esthetic characteristics of non-woven *** composite materials were thermo-compressed from non-woven mats made up of PP and flax or kenaf *** works included evaluating the change in color appearance and analyzing the variations in tensile properties and damage mechanisms,depending on the aging *** presence of the UV protection film on the composite surface showed its effectiveness against *** visual observations and measurement of colorimetric parameters,it has been proved effective in the reduction of the bleaching and yellowing of the *** regards the tensile tests,the UV protection film enabled to stabilize the Young’s modulus after 1-week aging for Kenaf/PP and after 3-weeks for Flax/*** 4-weeks aging,it halved the number of acoustic emission events related to interfacial decohesion and fiber slippage/pull out for Flax/PP and Kenaf/PP composites.

关键词： Aging colorimetry mechanical properties natural fibers non-woven

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The Writer's Life

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考试(双语读写) 2012年第2期 31-34页

作者： alix Christie

A survey of britain’s youth found that many aspire to become *** clearly don’t know how hard it is,writes alix Christie…britain’s most respected writers have at least one trait in common:all had childhoods steeped... 详细信息

关键词： The Writer’s Life

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The importants

The importants

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作者： Kevin Amato Say Cheese alix browne afterword Rick Owens.

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