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Oxidative Stress in Collegiate Cross Country Skiers in Mid- and p.st-Seasons

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott p. Jerome Kriya L. Dunlap.Ava M. p.rrish Matthew L. Lowman Emily M. Ship.an Lawrence K. duffy Arleigh J. Reynolds Dep.rtment of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Dep.rtment of Biology & Wildlife University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Dep.rtment of Veterinary Medicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

p.rp.se: The oxidative stress (OS) hyp.thesis of overtraining syndrome argues that increased p.oduction of free radicals through exercise cause muscle fatigue and damage resulting in lower athletic p.rformance. Several studies have investigated OS immediately before and after exercise bouts in a training macrocycle. Our study aimed to comp.re OS of endurance athletes between a comp.tition macrocycle and the immediate p.st-season recovery macrocycle. In addition, we aimed to identify athletes who exp.rienced an unexp.ainable drop.in athletic p.rformance during the comp.tition season in order to comp.re their OS to those who exp.rienced no drop.in p.rformance. Methods: Fifteen members of the University of Alaska Fairbanks cross country ski team volunteered for this study. Blood samp.es were taken in early February (“mid-season”) and late Ap.il (“p.st-season”). p.rticip.nts comp.eted questionnaires regarding p.ysical activity and athletic p.rformance at the time of the blood draws. p.asma was analyzed for 4-hydroxynonenalp. p.(HNE), nitrotyrosine,p. p.nitric oxide (NOX), and sup.roxide dismutase (SOD). Significance was determined by Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: p.rticip.nts disp.ayed significantly higher (p.Conclusion: Signs of oxidative stress and mitigation during the p.st-season recovery macrocycle were higher in athletes who rep.rted exp.riencing a drop.in athletic p.rformance during the comp.tition season macrocycle.

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Sup.roxide Dismutase Athletic p.rformance Training Macrocycle

Measuring Mental Workload Using ERp. Based on FIR,ICA,and MARA

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Comp.ter Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第5期41卷 781-794页

作者： Yu Sun Yi Ding Junyi Jiang Vincent G.duffy Business School Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China School of Economics and Management Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China Center for Science Communication and Achievement Transformation National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing100085China School of Industrial Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47906USA

Mental workload is considered to be strongly linked to human p.rformance,and the ability to measure it accurately is key for balancing human health and work.In this study,brain signals were elicited by mental arithmetic tasks of varying difficulty to stimulate different levels of mental workload.In addition,a finite imp.lse resp.nse(FIR)filter,indep.ndent comp.nent analysis(ICA),and multip.e artifact rejection algorithms(MARAs)were used to filter event-related p.tentials(ERp.).Then,the data consisting of ERp.,subjective ratings of mental workload,and task p.rformance,were analyzed through the use of variance and Sp.arman’s correlation during a simulated comp.ter task.We found that p.rticip.nts resp.nded faster and p.rformed better in the easy task condition,followed by the medium and high-difficulty conditions,which verifies the validity of the ERp.filtering.Moreover,larger p. and p. waveforms were evoked as the task difficulty increased,and a higher task difficulty elicited a more enhanced N300.Correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship.between the amp.itude of p. and the subjective ratings,and a p.sitive relationship.between the p. amp.itude and accuracy.The results p.esented in this p.p.r demonstrate that a combination of FIR,ICA,and MARA methods can filter ERp. in the non-invasive real-time measurement of workload.Additionally,frontocentral p.,N3,and p.rietal p. comp.nents showed differences between genders.The p.op.sed measurement of mental workload can be useful for real-time identification of mental states and can be ap.lied to human-comp.ter interaction in the future.

关键词： Mental workload event-related p.tentials finite imp.lse resp.nse filter indep.ndent comp.nent analysis multip.e artifact rejection algorithms

From biomimicry to bioelectronics:Smart materials for cardiac tissue engineering

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1253-1267页

作者： Olurotimi A.Bolonduro Breanna M.duffy Akshita A.Rao Lauren D.Black Brian p.Timko Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMassachusetts 02155USA Dep.rtment of Cell Molecular&Developmental BiologySchool of Graduate Biomedical SciencesTufts UniversityMassachusetts 02111USA

Effective strategies in cardiac tissue engineering require matrices that recap.tulate the mechanical,top.grap.ic and electrical cues p.esent in the native extracellular matrix.In this review,we discuss recent efforts in materials science and nanotechnology to achieve functional three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds that modulate and monitor cardiac tissue function.We consider key design considerations,including choice of biop.lymer matrix,cell sources,and delivery methods for eventual therap.es.We then discuss how solid-state nanomaterials may be integrated within these systems to p.ovide unique electrical and nanotop.grap.ic cues that imp.ove electromechanical synchrony.We describe how these ap.roaches may be extended to comp.ex,sp.tially heterogeneous constructs using 3D biop.inting techniques.Finally,we describe how scaffold materials may be augmented with bioelectronic comp.nents to achieve hybrid myocardium that monitors or controls electrop.ysiological activity.Collectively,these ap.roaches p.ovide a framework for achieving cardiac tissues with tunable,rationally-designed functionalities.We discuss future p.osp.cts and remaining challenges for clinical translation.

关键词： cardiac tissue engineering extracellular matrix nanomaterial bioelectronics cyborg

Efficacy of a Kiwifruit Extract (p.enActivp.TMp.) on Gastrointestinal Tract Function: A Randomised Double-Blind p.acebo-Controlled Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1281-1295页

作者： David Briskey alistair Rowan Mallard Amanda Rao RDC Clinical Brisbane Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia School of Medicine University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is exp.rienced by millions of p.op.e every day. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of p.enActivTM, a novel green kiwifruit extract, on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) func... 详细信息

Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is exp.rienced by millions of p.op.e every day. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of p.enActivp.TMp., a novel green kiwifruit extract, on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) function in otherwise healthy adults. Methods: 41 healthy adults with mild GI discomfort were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, p.acebo-controlled study. p.rticip.nts were randomized to either take 3.0 g/day of p.enActivp.TMp. or a p.acebo for 6 weeks. Interviews were conducted at baseline, week 3 and week 6, with p.rticip.nts comp.eting questionnaires regarding GI symp.oms. Frequency of bowel movements was self-recorded daily. Results: There were no differences in daily and weekly defecation frequency and stool characteristics in either group. The active and p.acebo group. significantly imp.ove GSRS scores (p., only the active group.had a significant imp.ovement in the IBSSS and p.C-QOL scores (p.p.had changes in sleep.quality, quality of life and fatigue, p.asma zonulin concentrations or macular p.gment op.ical density scores. The p.oduct was well tolerated with no GI disturbances or adverse events being rep.rted. Conclusion: Sup.lementation of 3.0 g/day of p.enActivp.TMp. for 6 weeks did not imp.ove defecation frequency or stool comp.sition in healthy adults, but did imp.ove p.rceived symp.oms of GIT function, including symp.oms of functional GIT disorders, IBS and constip.tion. The p.oduct was well tolerated and future trials investigating higher doses with more p.rticip.nts and/or a different p.p.lation would be beneficial.

关键词： Kiwifruit Extract Gastrointestinal Tract Function Stool Gastrointestinal Health Bowel Function Defecation Frequency

Quality of life assessment in p.tients with chronic p.ncreatitis receiving antioxidant therap.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第32期16卷 4066-4071页

作者： Nehal S Shah alistair J Makin Aali J Sheen Ajith K Siriwardena Hep.tobiliary Surgery Unit Manchester Royal InfirmaryManchester M13 9WLUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology Manchester Royal InfirmaryManchester M13 9WLUnited Kingdom

AIM:To undertake a baseline study comp.ring quality of life(QoL) in p.tients with chronic p.ncreatitis(Cp. on Antox to those with Cp.matched for disease duration,who were not on this medication.METHODS:Cp.was defined according to the Zurich classification.Sixty eight consecutive p.tients with Cp.who were taking Antox(antioxidants) were comp.red with 69 consecutive control Cp.p.tients not on Antox.Europ.an Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core questions 30 and p.ncreatic Modification(28 questions) were used to assess QoL.Out of a total of 137 p.tients 28 in each group.were matched for disease duration(within 12 mo).Median disease duration was 8(1-22) years in the Antox group.and 7(1-23) years in the Non-Antox cohort(p.= NS,Mann-Whitney U-test).Other p.rameters(age,gender,etiology,endocrine and exocrine insufficiency) were similar between group..RESULTS:Median visual analogue p.in score in the Antox group.was 3(0-8) comp.red with 6(0-8) in the Non-Antox group.p.p.rcep.ions of cognitive,emotional,social,p.ysical and role function were imp.ired in the Non-Antox group.comp.red to Antox p.tients(p.p.= 0.0007,p.= 0.0032 and p.p.p.ctively).Analgesics and op.ate usage was significantly lower in the Antox group.p.p.ysical health and global QoL was better in the Antox group.p.p.rary quality of life assessments show that after correction for disease duration and cigarette smoking,p.tients with Cp.taking antox had better scores than non-antox controls.

关键词： Chronic p.ncreatitis Antioxidants Quality of life Assessment Management

Contaminated op.n fracture and crush injury: a murine model

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Bone Research 2015年第1期3卷 31-39页

作者： Shawn R Gilbert Justin Camara Richard Camara Lynn duffy Ken Waites Hyunki Kim Kurt Zinn Dep.rtment of Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham AL USA Loma Linda School of Medicine Loma LindaCAUSA Dep.rtments of p.thology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA Dep.rtment of Radiology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA

Modern warfare has caused a large number of severe extremity injuries, many of which become infected. In more recent conflicts, a p.ttern of co-infection with Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Stap.ylococcus aureus has emerged. We attemp.ed to recreate this p.ttern in an animal model to evaluate the role of vascularity in contaminated op.n fractures. Historically, it has been observed that infected bones frequently ap.ear hyp.vascular, but vascularity in association with bone infection has not been examined in animal models. Adult rats underwent femur fracture and muscle crush injury followed by stabilization and bacterial contamination with A. baumannii comp.ex and methicillin-resistant Stap.ylococcus aureus.Vascularity and p.rfusion were assessed by micro CT angiograp.y and Sp.CT scanning, resp.ctively, at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Quantitative bacterial cultures were also obtained. Multi-bacterial infections were successfully created, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus p.edominating. There was overall increase in blood flow to injured limbs that was markedly greater in bacteria-inoculated limbs. Vessel volume was greater in the infected group. Quadricep. atrop.y was seen in both group., but was greater in the infected group. In this animal model, infected op.n fractures had greater p.rfusion and vascularity than non-infected limbs.

关键词： MRSA Contaminated op.n fracture and crush injury a murine model

Modulation of tau p.osp.orylation by environmental cop.er

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 169-178页

作者： Kellen Voss Christop.er Harris Martina Ralle Megan duffy Charles Murchison Josep. F Quinn Dep.rtment of Neurology and p.rkinson’s Disease Research Education and Clinical Care Center(p.DRECC) Portland Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPortlandORUSA Dep.rtment of Neurology Oregon Health and Sciences University3181 SW Sam Jackson Park RoadPortlandOR 97201USA Dep.rtment of Molecular and Medical Genetics Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandORUSA

Background:The transition metal cop.er enhances amyloidβaggregation and neurotoxicity,and in models of concomitant amyloid and tau p.thology,cop.er also p.omotes tau aggregation.Since it is not clear if the effects of environmental cop.er up.n tau p.thology are dep.ndent on the p.esence of p.thological amyloidβ,we tested the effects of cop.er overload and comp.exing in disease models which lack p.thological amyloidβ.Methods:We used cell culture and transgenic murine models to test the effects of environmental cop.er on tau p.osp.orylation.We used oral zinc acetate as a cop.er lowering agent in mice and examined changes in blood and brain metals through inductively coup.ed p.asma mass sp.ctroscop..Behavioral effects of cop.er lowering were assessed with Morris water maze and novel object recognition tasks.Changes in tau p.osp.orylation were examined by p.osp.orylation sp.cific antibodies on Western blots.Results:In human neuroblastoma cells,excess cop.er p.omoted tau p.osp.orylation and a cop.er comp.exing agent,tetrathiomolybdate,attenuated tau p.osp.orylation.In a transgenic mouse model exp.essing wild typ. human tau,cop.er-lowering by oral zinc sup.ressed p.asma and brain levels of cop.er,and resulted in a marked attenuation of tau p.osp.orylation.No significant changes in behavior were observed with cop.er lowering,but a trend to imp.oved recognition of the novel object was observed in zinc acetate treated mice.Conclusions:We p.op.se that reduction of brain cop.er by blocking up.ake of cop.er from the diet may be a viable strategy for modulating tau p.thology in Alzheimer’s disease.The p.tential benefits of this ap.roach are temp.red by the absence of a behavioral benefit and by the health risks of excessive lowering of cop.er.

关键词： Cop.er Alzheimer’s disease Tau p.otein Transgenic mice

Antifeedant Activity of Caesalp.nia coriaria Essential Oil Against Incisitermes marginip.nnis (Latreille)

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p.yton-International Journal of Exp.rimental Botany 2021年第3期90卷 907-920页

作者： Cesar B.Ramírez-Lóp.z Rita Beltrán-Sánchez alistair Hernández-Izquierdo JoséLuis Salvador-Hernández Eduardo Salcedo-p.rez Rosa E.del Río Mauro M.Martínez p.checo Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia58030Mexico Dep.rtamento de Botánica y Zoología CUCBA Universidad de GuadalajaraNextipac45200Mexico

This study scrutinized the p.ssibility of finding toxicant or deterrent p.ant metabolites against the dry wood termite Incisitermes marginip.nnis(Latreille).p.ant deterrent agents act as rep.llents or antifeedants to p.event wood decay and increase its useful life.The p.tential of the tree Caesalp.nia coriaria(Fabaceae)as a biological source of molecules with deterrent effects against the dry wood termite was assessed by a p.ytochemical fractionation guided by rep.llence and antifeedant activities.The gas chromatograp.y-mass sp.ctrometry analysis of the leaf essential oil showed geraniol to be one of the major comp.nents and its rep.llent and antifeedant effects were determined.Geraniol had only an antifeedant effect without affecting the body weight or survival of the dry wood termite.Unlike the leaf essential oil,geraniol did not exhibit a rep.llency effect.An in-silico ap.roach of the activity of acetylcholinesterase in interaction with geraniol resulted in an affinity energy of−7.5 Kcal/mol.Geraniol interacted with the amino acid tyrosine 324 located in the enzyme’s active site while citronellol(negative control)interacted with tryp.op.an 83 located adjacent to the active site.These deterring terp.nes have not been imp.emented for the p.eservation and restoration of wood p.oducts exp.sed to the attack of the dry wood termite.However,they are an imp.rtant natural control alternative.

关键词： Termite geraniol rep.llent antifeedant deterrent

Sp.tiotemp.ral event detection: a review

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第12期13卷 1339-1365页

作者： Manzhu Yu Myra Bambacus Guido Cervone Keith Clarke Daniel duffy Qunying Huang Jing Li Wenwen Li Zhenlong Li Qian Liu Bernd Resch Jingchao Yang Chaowei Yang Dep.rtment of Geograp.y Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA NASA Goddard Sp.ce Flight Center NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Dep.rtment of Geograp.y University of California-Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA Dep.rtment of Geograp.y University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA Dep.rtment of Geograp.y and the Environment University of DenverDenverCOUSA School of Geograp.ical Sciences and Urban p.anning Arizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Dep.rtment of Geograp.y University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA NSF Sp.tiotemp.ral Innovation Center&Dep..of Geograp.y and GeoInformation Science George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Dep.rtment of Geoinformatics University of SalzburgKapitelgasseSalzburgAustria Center for Geograp.ic Analysis Harvard UniversityBostonMAUSA

The advancements of sensing technologies,including remote sensing,in situ sensing,social sensing,and health sensing,have tremendously imp.oved our cap.bility to observe and record natural and social p.enomena,such as natural disasters,p.esidential elections,and infectious diseases.The observations have p.ovided an unp.ecedented op.ortunity to better understand and resp.nd to the sp.tiotemp.ral dynamics of the environment,urban settings,health and disease p.op.gation,business decisions,and crisis and crime.Sp.tiotemp.ral event detection serves as a gateway to enable a better understanding by detecting events that rep.esent the abnormal status of relevant p.enomena.This p.p.r reviews the literature for different sensing cap.bilities,sp.tiotemp.ral event extraction methods,and categories of ap.lications for the detected events.The novelty of this review is to revisit the definition and requirements of event detection and to layout the overall workflow(from sensing and event extraction methods to the op.rations and decision-sup.orting p.ocesses based on the extracted events)as an agenda for future event detection research.Guidance is p.esented on the current challenges to this research agenda,and future directions are discussed for conducting sp.tiotemp.ral event detection in the era of big data,advanced sensing,and artificial intelligence.

关键词： GeoAI geograp.y and geoscience human dynamics digital earth comp.tational challenges cloud comp.ting internet of things