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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2021年第1期11卷 32-46页

作者： Danait Andemichael Solomon Andrew K. Nyerere alice kanyua Caroline Wangari Ngugi Department of Medical Microbiology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology 62000-00200 Nairobi Kenya Nairobi Hospital 30026-00100 Nairobi Kenya

The upsurge of candidemia in the past years has been an immense encumbrance on public health and the number of deaths caused by candidemia particularly in critical care unit patients is devastating. Candida species harbor a 30% - 60% mortality rate and compared to stable people or those with less serious illnesses, this ranges from 60% to 80% of those who are chronically ill patients. Grounded on a recent report from a tertiary care hospital in Kenya showing the emergence of previously unobserved species: Candida auris, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, species distribution, and antifungal susceptibility profile of candidemia in critical care unit patients of the hospital. 378 Critical Care Unit patients were enrolled for the study from January 2019 to January 2020. Positive archived isolates were sub-cultured using Saboraud Dextrose Agar. Candida species were identified utilizing API20C AUX and Vitek-2. Antifungal susceptibility testing was conducted using the Liofilchem MIC Test strip. Out of 378 patients, thirty-one presented a positive culture for Candida species. The prevalence

关键词： Critical Care Unit Candida Species Candida auris Candidemia Antifungal Susceptibility

Establishment of customized mouse stem cell lines by sequential nuclear transfer

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Cell Research 2007年第1期17卷 80-87页

作者： alice Jouneau FRE 2857 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction UMR 1198 ENVA CNRS F-78350 INRA Chinese Academv of Sciences Jouy en Josas Beijing 100080 France State Key Laboratory of Reproductive BiologyJoint laboratory of biology of embryonic cells of mammalians(LABIOCEM) Institute of Zoology China

Therapeutic cloning,whereby embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from nuclear transfer (NT) embryos,mayplay a major role in the new era of regenerative *** this study we established forty nuclear transfer-ESC (NT-ESC) lines that were derived from NT embryos of different donor cell types or *** found that NT-ESCs werecapable of forming embryoid bodies,In addition,NT-ESCs expressed pluripotency stem cell markers in vitro and coulddifferentiate into embryonic tissues in *** embryos from early passage R1 donor cells were able to form full termdeveloped pups,whereas those from late passage R1 ES donor cells lost the potential for reprogramming that is essentialfor live *** subsequently established sequential NT-R1-ESC lines that were developed from NT blastocyst of latepassage R1 ESC ***,these NT-R1-ESC lines,when used as nuclear transfer donors at their early passages,failed to result in live *** indicates that the therapeutic cloning process using sequential NT-ESCs may not rescuethe developmental deficiencies that resided in previous donor generations.

关键词： nuclear transfer therapeutic cloning embryonic stem cells

Deciphering the epitranscriptome： A green perspective

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第10期58卷 822-835页

作者： alice Burgess School of Biological Sciences The University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia School of Agriculture Food and Wine The WaiteResearch Institute The University of Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia The University of Adelaide and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint International Centre for Agriculture and Health Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences AdelaideAustralia

The advent of high-throughput sequencing technol- ogies coupled with new detection methods of RNA modifica- tions has enabled investigation of a new layer of gene regulation - the epitranscriptome. With over loo known RNA modifications, understanding the repertoire of RNA modifications is a huge undertaking. This review summarizes what is known about RNA modifications with an emphasis on discoveries in plants. RNA ribose modifications, base methyl- ations and pseudouridylation are required for normal develop- ment in Arabidopsis, as mutations in the enzymes modifying them have diverse effects on plant development and stress responses. These modifications can regulate RNA structure, turnover and translation. Transfer RNA and ribosomal RNA modifications have been mapped extensively and their functions investigated in many organisms, including plants. Recent work exploring the locations, functions and targeting of N6-methyladenosine （m^6A）, 5-methylcytosine （m^5C）, pseudour- idine （up）, and additional modifications in mRNAs and ncRNAs are highlighted, as well as those previously known on tRNAs and rRNAs. Many questions remain as to the exact mechanisms of targeting and functions of specific modified sites and whether these modifications have distinct functions in the different classes of RNAs.

关键词： RNA modifications epitranscriptome RNA 5-methylcytosine (m^5C) N^6-methyladenosine (m^6A) Pseudouridine (φ) Arabidopsis

PARP inhibitors: its role in treatment of cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第7期30卷 463-471页

作者： alice Chen Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute

PARP is an important protein in DNA repair pathways especially the base excision repair (BER). BER is involved in DNA repair of single strand breaks (SSBs). If BER is impaired, inhibiting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), SSBs accumulate and become double stand breaks (DSBs). The cells with increasing number of DSBs become more dependent on other repair pathways, mainly the homologous recombination (HR) and the nonhomologous end joining. Patients with defective HR, like BRCA-deficient cell lines, are even more susceptible to impairment of the BER pathway. Inhibitors of PARP preferentially kill cancer cells in BRCA-mutation cancer cell lines over normal cells. Also, PARP inhibitors increase cytotoxicity by inhibiting repair in the presence of chemotherapies that induces SSBs. These two principles have been tested clinically. Over the last few years, excitement over this class of agents has escalated due to reported activity as single agent in BRCA1- or BRCA2-associated ovarian or breast cancers, and in combination with chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer. This review covers the current results of clinical trials testing those two principles. It also evaluates future directions for the field of PARP inhibitor development.

关键词： PARP抑制剂癌症治疗 DNA单链断裂 DNA修复非同源末端连接基因缺陷碱基切除修复临床试验

Mitochondrial bioenergetics and neurodegeneration:a paso doble

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 686-687页

作者： alice Rossi Paola Pizzo Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PaduaPaduaItaly Department of Neuroscience Max-Delbruck Centrum fur Molekulare MedizinBerlinGermany

Mitochondria and neuronal activity:The brain is one of the highest energy demanding organs,consuming~20%of the total ATP produced by the whole ***,neurons mainly rely on ATP synthesized by mitochondrial bioenergetics and neuronal activity is strictly dependent on specific mitochondrial localization at synapses,sites consuming a high amount of energy requested for both pre-and post-synaptic ***,mitochondria produce ATP and buffer Ca^2+rises,two essential processes for neurotransmission and generation of membrane potential along the axon(Magistretti and Allaman,2015).

关键词： organs consuming energetics

A perspective on age-related changes in cell environment and risk of neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 719-720页

作者： alice Y.Liu Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience Rutgers State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA

“Age-related neurodegenerative disease”underscores human age as the primary risk factor for disease development:Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,and Huntington’s disease(HD)as *** for the age-dependent delay in disease manifestation,in particular for autosomal dominant forms of the disease,and the underlying cause(s)of specific neuron dysfunction and death to manifest as memory loss,anxiety,depression,and agitation in disease subjects remain *** are interested in understanding age-related changes in cell environment that can modulate the structure,function,aggregation.

关键词： Huntington Alzheimer death

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The neutron star zoo

Frontiers of physics 2013年第6期8卷 679-692页

作者： alice K. Harding Astrophysics Science Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA

Neutron stars are a very diverse population, both in their observational and their physical properties. They prefer to radiate most of their energy at X-ray and gamma-ray wavelengths. But whether their emission is powered by rotation, accretion, heat, magnetic fields or nuclear reactions, they are all different species of the same animal whose magnetic field evolution and interior composition remain a mystery. This article will broadly review the properties of inhabitants of the neutron star zoo, with emphasis on their high-energy emission.

关键词： stars neutron stars pulsars binary stars

Biomarkers vs imaging in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and prognosis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第12期7卷 1367-1382页

作者： Lavinia alice Balaceanu Department of Internal Medicine Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Sf. Ioan Clinical Emergency Hospital

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 5th most frequently diagnosed cancer in the world, according to the World Health Organization. The incidence of HCC is between 3/100000 and 78.1/100000, with a high incidence reported in areas with viral hepatitis B and hepatitis C, thus affecting Asia and Africa predominantly. Several international clinical guidelines address HCC diagnosis and are structured according to the geographical area involved. All of these clinical guidelines, however, share a foundation of diagnosis by ultrasound surveillance and contrast imaging techniques, particularly computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and sometimes contrast-enhanced ultrasound. The primary objective of this review was to systematically summarize the recent published studies on the clinical utility of serum biomarkers in the early diagnosis of HCC and for the prognosis of this disease.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Biomarkers Imaging Ultrasonography Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging

Microglia-oligodendrocyte intercellular communication: role of extracellular vesicle lipids in functional signalling

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1194-1195页

作者： alice Gualerzi Marta Lombardi Claudia Verderio IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi MilanItaly CNR Institute of Neuroscience MilanItaly

The term microglia refers to the group of resident brain immune-cells that are responsible,mainly,for the immune response and the homeostasis of the *** monocyte-derived macrophages that infiltrate the brain,microglia are longlived cells which arise exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac(Stratoulias et al.,2019).Impairment in microglia functions is at the basis for the development of multiple brain diseases,including multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative *** the last decade,the number of research articles and reviews dealing with the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of brain disorders has exponentially increased.

关键词： al. homeostasis diseases

The Current Status of Physical Therapy in China

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中国康复医学杂志 2013年第6期28卷 493-501页

作者： alice Jones Margot A Skinner Honorary Professor Faculty of Health Sciences University of Sydney Adjunct Professor School of Rehabilitation Sciences Griffiths University Australia WCPT Executive Member World Confederation for Physical Therapy Deputy Dean School of Physiotherapy University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Consultant China's Expert Committee of Internationalized Education for Physical Therapy Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurses but education programmes for other health professions like physical therapy have been slow to develop. In the case of physical therapy it was not until China won the bid for the Olympic Games that permission to establish the first physical therapy programme was granted. Since then China has undergone a period of rapid economic growth enabling many people to have a higher standard of living and improved health, but at the same time the country is faced with massive urbanization, industrialization, increasing environmental health threats, increased health disparities and an aging population. With the support of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, an increased investment by the Government in public health and rehabilitation and engagement of international education experts, entry-level education programmes for physical therapy have started to develop and there are now nine which are modeled, at least to some extent, on the World Confederation for Physical Therapy's international guidelines. The paper explores the development of physical therapy education in China and discusses possible options for the way forward so that as the demand for physical therapy to service 1.4 billion people grows, the profession is prepared and the standards expected of the entrylevel physical therapist will not be compromised.

关键词：医疗康复美国医疗卫生行业患者护理