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Climatic Indices’ Analysis on Extreme Precipitation for Tanzania Synoptic Stations

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第12期11卷 182-208页

作者： Daudi Mikidadi Ndabagenga Jinhua Yu Justus Renatus Mbawala Charles Yusuph Ntigwaza ali said juma School of Atmospheric Sciences Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) Forecasting Office Kilimanjaro International Airport (KIA) Kilimanjaro Tanzania National Meteorological Training Centre (NMTC) Kigoma Tanzania Ministry of Education Zanzibar (MOEZ) Zanzibar Tanzania

Like other countries in East Africa, Tanzania has been affected by extreme precipitation incidences both socially and economically. Determining the trend and variability features of extreme precipitation in the country is crucial. This study used data from 28 meteorological stations for 1981-2020 period to give an annual and seasonal analysis of the patterns of 10 ETCCDI’s extreme precipitation indices over the regions. At annual scale, the results showed that increasing trends had high frequency percentage than the decreasing ones, collecting about 76% in total. The decreasing trend was approximately 24%, and most of the stations with increasing percentage in trend are concentrated in Northern coast, Central, West, North-eastern highlands and Lake Victoria Basin. Most of the stations depicted negative trend are concentrated over Southern region. This highlights that extreme precipitation events have increased over the country for the period 1981-2020. At seasonal scale, during October to December (OND);the patterns of extreme precipitation climatic indices except R99p, showed positive significant increasing trend over Lake Victoria Basin and some Western parts of the country. In general, spatial patterns indicate decrease of precipitation over most parts of the country during OND. The seasonal average time series depicted non-significant positive trend during March to April (MAM) season, except for Consecutive Wet Days (CWD) which showed non-significant decreasing trend. Over the highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro;the study has revealed significant decrease in Annual total-wet Precipitation (PRCPTOT), the number of heavy (very heavy) days of precipitation R10 mm (R20 mm) and Consecutive Wet Days (CWD) during MAM season. While the maximum one-day precipitation amount (RX1 day) was observed to decrease significantly over the Mountain during OND season. The result is very important in risk assessment and preparedness perspective in planning climate change mitigat

关键词： Extreme Precipitation Climatic Indices Tanzania Mann-Kendall ETCCDI Trend

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Kernel Thesis Reproduction and Truncated Toeplitz Operators

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第12期11卷 4016-4026页

作者： Zakieldeen Aboabuda Mohamed Alhassn ali Amna Mahmoud Ahmed Bakhit Isra Abdalhleem Hassan ali Manal Yagoub Ahmed juma Tahani Mahmoud Ahmed Mohamed Sumia Izzeldeen Abdallah Abdelmajeed Deanship of the Preparatory Year Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematic Faculty of Science University of Qassim Buraidah Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematic Gezira Collage of Technology Khartoum Sudan

Important operator characteristics (such boundedness or compactness) for particular classes of operators on particular reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces may be impacted by the behaviour of the operators on the reproducing kernels. These results have been shown for Toeplitz operators on the Paley-Wiener space, a reproducing kernel Hilbert space over C. Furthermore, we show how the norm of such an operator has no relation to the supremum of the norms of the pictures of the normalization reproducing kernels of the space. As a result, if this supremum is finite, the operator is implicitly bounded. To further demonstrate that the operator norm is not the same as the supremum of the norms of the pictures of the real normalized reproducing kernels, another example is also provided. We also set out a necessary and sufficient condition for the operators’ compactness in terms of their limiting function on the reproducing kernels.

关键词： Toeplitz Operators Compact Operator The Reproducing Kernel

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Potential risk of colonization of Bulinus globosus in the mainland of China under climate change

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 89-89页

作者： Xinyao Wang Saleh juma Wei Li Mchanga Suleman Mtumweni ali Muhsin Jian He Mingzhen He Dacheng Xu Jianfeng Zhang Robert Bergquist Kun Yang Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases Wuxi214064JiangsuChina 不详

Background: Bulinus globosus,the main intermediate snail host of Schistosoma *** increased contacts between Africa and China could even lead to large-scale dissemination of *** in *** is the key factor affecting fresh-water snail *** study predicted potential risk of colonization of *** in the mainland of China under climate ***: We investigated minimum and maximum temperatures for *** eggs,juveniles and adult snails kept under laboratory conditions to find the most suitable range by pinpointing the median effective temperatures(ET50).We also assessed the influence of temperature on spawning and estimated the accumulated temperature(AT).The average air temperatures between 1955 and 2019 in January and July,the coldest and hottest months in China,respectively,were collected from national meteorological monitoring stations and investigated in a geographic information system(GIS)using empirical Bayesian Kriging to evaluate the theoretical possibility for distribution of *** in southern China based on ***: The effective minimum temperature(ET50min)for eggs,juveniles,adult snails and spawning were 8.5,7.0,7.0,14.9℃,respectively,with the corresponding maximum values(ET50max)of 36.6,40.5,40.2 and 38.1℃.The AT was calculated at 712.1±64.9℃·*** 1955,the potential *** distribution would have had a northern boundary stretching from the coastal areas of Guangdong Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region to southern Yunnan *** then,this line has gradually moved ***: Annual regeneration of *** can be supported by the current climate conditions in the mainland of China,and a gradual expansion trend from south to north is shown in the study from 2015 to ***,there is a potential risk of colonization of *** in the mainland of China under climate change.

关键词： Bulinus globosus Colonization Potential distribution Geographic information systems Climate change Schistosoma haematobium China

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High levels of Zinc-α-2-Glycoprotein among Omani AIDS patients on combined antiretroviral therapy

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第8期4卷 610-613页

作者： Sidgi Syed Anwer Hasson Mohammed Saeed Al-Balushi Muzna Hamed Al Yahmadi juma Zaid Al-Busaidi Elias Antony said Mohammed Shafeeq Othman Talal Abdullah Sallam Mohammed Ahmad Idris ali Abdullah Al-Jabri Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of Medicine and Health SciencesSultan Qaboos UniversityPOBox 35MuscatOman Department of Community Health Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesAl-Baha UniversitySaudi Arabia

Objective:To investigate the levels of zinc-α-2-glycoprotein(ZAG) among Omani AIDS patients receiving combined antiretroviral therapy(cART).Methods:A total of 80 Omani AIDS patients(45 males and 33 females),average age of 36 *** were receiving cART at the Saltan Qaboos University Hospital(SQUH).Muscat,Oman,were tested for the levels of *** addition,SO healthy blood donors(46 males and 34 females),average age of 26 years,attending the SOUH Blood Bank,were tested in parallel as a control *** of the ZAG levels was performed using a competitive enzyme—linked immunosorbent assay and in accordance with the manufacturer's ***:The ZAG levels were found to he significantly higher among AIDS patients compared to the healthy individuals(P=0.033).A total of 56(70%) of the AIDS patients were found to have higher levels of ZAG and 16(20%) AIDS patients were found to have high ZAG levels,which are significantly(P>0.031) associated with weight ***:ZAG levels are high among Omani AIDS patients on cART and this necessitales the measurement of ZAG on routine basis,as it is associated with weight loss.

关键词： Zinc-α-2-glycoprotein AIDS Patients Combined antiretroviral therapy Levels Oman

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合并或不合并慢性疾病的阑尾炎经腹腔镜手术和开放手术结果的回顾性研究

合并或不合并慢性疾病的阑尾炎经腹腔镜手术和开放手术结果的回顾...

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作者： SALMA juma ali 山东大学

学位级别：硕士

背景:尽管医学诊疗有了很大的进步,阑尾炎仍然是急腹症最常见的原因之一。由于高血压及其他一些心血管疾病会损害心肺功能,阑尾炎患者的既往疾病史对其预后有直接或间接的影响。因此,我们将合并有慢性疾病的患者与既往体健的患者对一对... 详细信息

背景:尽管医学诊疗有了很大的进步,阑尾炎仍然是急腹症最常见的原因之一。由于高血压及其他一些心血管疾病会损害心肺功能,阑尾炎患者的既往疾病史对其预后有直接或间接的影响。因此,我们将合并有慢性疾病的患者与既往体健的患者对一对比研究目的:1.确定样本特征2.比较高血压和非高血压患者腹腔镜和开腹手术的疗效(手术时间、术后镇痛使用、术后喂养和住院时间)。3.探讨高血压患者和非高血压患者的术后并发症。4.探讨高血压和非高血压患者的死亡率。方法:回顾性收集山东大学齐鲁医院急诊外科2014-2018年行阑尾炎手术的成年患者。获得的患者资料为;年龄、性别、既往腹部手术史、ASA危险评分、术前白细胞及中性粒细胞计数、影像学诊断、阑尾切除术类型、术中诊断、术后镇痛使用、术后进食时间、住院时间、术后并发症及死亡率。纳入标准为有脐周腹痛、发热史的满18岁的成人患者;术前超声或CT确诊阑尾炎的患者(蜂窝织样阑尾炎、坏疽性阑尾炎、穿孔阑尾炎、阑尾脓肿)。排除标准为18岁以下患者、因其他原因切除阑尾及阑尾先天性缺失患者。描述性数据用平均数±标准差表示。分别采用独立t检验和卡方检验分析连续变量和分类变量之间的相关性。单因素方差分析比较两组以上的平均值。采用SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science,SPSS)16版对数据进行分析,p值<0.05为有统计学意义。结果:本研究随机选取2014年至2018年在齐鲁医院行阑尾切除术的139例患者作为研究对象。平均年龄为42.2±15.657岁(18-82岁)。62.6%的患者年龄在18-45岁之间,而65岁及以上的患者仅占11.5%。54%是男性。27.3%(n=38)有高血压病史。84.2%接受腹腔镜手术(n=117),15.8%(n=22)为开腹手术。在术中诊断方面,42.4%为急性蜂窝织样阑尾炎(59例),15.1%为急性坏疽性阑尾炎(21例),7.9%为穿孔性阑尾炎(11例),34.5%为阑尾脓肿(48例)。术后并发症发生率1.4%(n=2),其中1例为IAA,1例为脂肪液化。非高血压患者开腹手术持续时间最长,为117.5±56.679分钟。在高血压患者中,腹腔镜手术患者持续时间为88.92±38.525分钟,开腹患者为82.08±33.538分钟,两者之间存在统计学差异,p值<0.05。镇痛用的平均持续时间为0.48±0.774天。合并高血压的患者中,开腹患者镇痛持续时间为0.75±1.357天,腹腔镜患者为0.5±0.99天。在未合并高血压的患者中,腹腔镜患者镇痛用的最短,为0.44±0.618天,开腹组为0.5±0.527天,p值<0.05。平均住院日是8.09±4.051天(4-28天)。非高血压患者中,开腹患者住院时间最长为10.4±4.502天,腹腔镜患者为7.26±3.235天。在高血压患者中,开腹患者为10.08±4.944天,腹腔镜患者为9.15±5.213天,P值<0.05。除了阑尾切除术的类型和高血压状况外,我们还发现了其他与不良手术结果相关的因素。包括较高的ASA风险评分(ASA Ⅲ),术前白细胞计数高和坏疽性阑尾炎。结论:尽管气腹对心肺生理有所影响,但我们的研究表明腹腔镜手术在患者预后上更有优势性。我们发现影响阑尾炎患者手术预后主要因素包括合并高血压的患者行开腹手术、ASA评分较高、术前白细胞计数较高及术中诊断为坏疽性阑尾炎

关键词：阑尾炎高血压腹腔镜手术开腹手术临床疗效

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Synthesis of Geopolymers Using Local Resources for Construction and Water Purification

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第5期6卷 507-513页

作者： Arwa Hamaideh Bassam Al-Qarallah Moshrik R. Hamdi saida ali Abu Mallouh juma’a Khalil Al-Kafawein Mazen Alshaaer Center of Water Energy and Environment The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Deanship of Academic Research The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of Chemistry King Faisal University Al-Ahsa KSA Engicon Amman Jordan Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Horticulture and Crop Science Department The University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Large deposits of impure kaolins exist in Jordan and many parts of the world;geoplymers can reduce environmental impacts and have multi-application in many fields, such as water purification, waste treatment, fire proof construction, etc. The aim of this research is to investigate the use of alkali activated zeolitic tuff and low purity metakaolin as precursors for the production of functional geoplymers exhibiting proper mechanical properties and high potential for water storage and decontamination of polluted solutions. The results confirmed that this type of geopolymers showed superior mechanical characteristics and higher adsorption capacity towards heavy metals such as Cu(II) ions, which was similar to natural zeolite. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that phillipsite, a major zeolite mineral, disappeared upon geopolymerization, while scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that geopolymers exhibit a porous matrix of nano-particles. The geopolymers have also displayed high compressive strength and tensile bending strength of about 7.8 MPa and 45 MPa respectively, compared to reference geopolymers. This functional-geopolymers indicate that they are efficient, cost effective and have a potential for number of applications including construction, water storage and wastewater treatment.

关键词： Geopolymer Zeolitic Tuff Metakaolin Water Purification Construction Material Heavy Metals Jordan

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Genetic Evidence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(MERS-Cov) and Widespread Seroprevalence among Camels in Kenya

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第6期33卷 484-492页

作者： Sheila Ommeh Wei Zhang ali Zohaib Jing Chen Huajun Zhang Ben Hu Xing-Yi Ge Xing-Lou Yang Moses Masika Vincent Obanda Yun Luo Shan Li Cecilia Waruhiu Bei Li Yan Zhu Desterio Ouma Vincent Odendo Lin-Fa Wang Danielle E.Anderson Jacqueline Lichoti Erick Mungube Francis Gakuya Peng Zhou Kisa-juma Ngeiywa Bing Yan Bernard Agwanda Zheng-Li Shi Institute for Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobi 62000-00200Kenya CAS Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China College of Biology Hunan University410006China Department of Medical Microbiology University of NairobiNairobi 30197-00100Kenya Veterinary Services Department Kenya Wildlife ServiceNairobi 40241-00100Kenya Veterinary Research Institute Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research OrganizationNairobi 57811-00200Kenya Veterinary Services Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore Directorate of Veterinary Services State Department of LivestockMinistry of AgricultureLivestock Fisheries and IrrigationNairobi 34188-00100Kenya Kenya Camel Association Nairobi 30095-00100Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 40658-00100Kenya

We describe the first genome isolation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) in Kenya. This fatal zoonotic pathogen was first described in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012. Epidemiological and molecular evidence revealed zoonotic transmission from camels to humans and between humans. Currently, MERS-CoV is classified by the WHO as having high pandemic potential requiring greater surveillance. Previous studies of MERS-CoV in Kenya mainly focused on site-specific and archived camel and human serum samples for antibodies. We conducted active nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of camels and humans in Kenya, targeting both nasal swabs and plasma samples from 1,163 camels and 486 humans collected from January 2016 to June 2018. A total of 792 camel plasma samples were positive by ELISA. Seroprevalence increased with age, and the highest prevalence was observed in adult camels(82.37%, 95%confidence interval(CI) 79.50–84.91). More female camels were significantly seropositive(74.28%, 95% CI 71.14–77.19)than male camels(P \ 0.001)(53.74%, 95% CI 48.48–58.90). Only 11 camel nasal swabs were positive for MERS-CoV by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences showed that Kenyan MERSCoV clustered within sub-clade C2, which is associated with the African clade, but did not contain signature deletions of orf4 b in African viruses. None of the human plasma screened contained neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV. This study confirms the geographically widespread occurrence of MERS-CoV in Kenyan camels. Further one-health surveillance approaches in camels, wildlife, and human populations are needed.

关键词： Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) One-health Public health Zoonosis Kenya

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