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A Simple Human Vulnerability Index to Climate Change Hazards for Pakistan

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2012年第3期3卷 163-176页

作者： Fazal ali Khan ali Salman Social Science and Economics Department Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology(SZABIST)Islamabad 44000Pakistan Rural Support Programmes Network(RSPN) Islamabad 44000Pakistan Development Pool Islamabad 44000Pakistan

This article explores the spatial pattern of vulnerability to climate change hazards in Pakistan by developing a Human Vulnerability Index(HVI). For this purpose, we use Population Census 1998 and Agriculture Census 2000 data. The HVI places the 103 districts of Pakistan in rank order and looks at whether there is a correlation between human vulnerability and exposure to disaster of the districts with respect to climate change hazards such as floods. The HVI is further validated using an independent flood recovery data set. The study found that the HVI is a useful tool for identifying vulnerable regions and districts for resource allocation. But the HVI is a poor tool for vulnerability assessment at community and household levels. For this purpose we used logistic regression analysis, which indicates that the adult literacy rate, ownership of livestock, and access to electricity are the three(out of six) key variables that play a critical positive role in recovery after the 2010 floods. The primary data collected from households also reveal that the 2010 Pakistan floods have equally affecte d standing crops, livestock, and house structures. More than two-thirds of sample households had rebuilt their house structures, whereas livestock recovery was negligible since the floods. We also found that the 2010 floods affected some of the poverty regions of the country, but that there is a very weak systematic correlation between human vulnerability and disaster exposure.

关键词： floods disaster district

Dynamic stability enhancement of interconnected multi-source power systems using hierarchical ANFIS controller-TCSC based on multi-objective PSO

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017年第3期18卷 394-409页

作者： ali Darvish FALEHI ali MOSALLANEJAD Department of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

Suppression of the dynamic oscillations of tie-line power exchanges and frequency in the affected interconnected power systems due to loading-condition changes has been assigned as a prominent duty of automatic generation control(AGC). To alleviate the system oscillation resulting from such load changes, implementation of flexible AC transmission systems(FACTSs) can be considered as one of the practical and effective solutions. In this paper, a thyristor-controlled series compensator(TCSC), which is one series type of the FACTS family, is used to augment the overall dynamic performance of a multi-area multi-source interconnected power system. To this end, we have used a hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller-TCSC(HANFISC-TCSC) to abate the two important issues in multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., low-frequency oscillations and tie-line power exchange deviations. For this purpose, a multi-objective optimization technique is inevitable. Multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) has been chosen for this optimization problem, owing to its high performance in untangling non-linear objectives. The efficiency of the suggested HANFISC-TCSC has been precisely evaluated and compared with that of the conventional MOPSO-TCSC in two different multi-area interconnected power systems, i.e., two-area hydro-thermal-diesel and three-area hydro-thermal power systems. The simulation results obtained from both power systems have transparently certified the high performance of HANFISC-TCSC compared to the conventional MOPSO-TCSC.

关键词： Hierarchical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller(HANFISC) Thyristor-controlled series compensator(TCSC) Automatic generation control(AGC) Multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) Power system dynamic stability Interconnected multi-source power systems

Photon and positron production by ultrahigh-intensity laser interaction with various plasma foils

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Plasma Science and Technology 2021年第4期23卷 1-8页

作者： Mamat ali BAKE Arzigul ELAJI School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046People’s Republic of China

The generation ofγphotons and positrons using an ultrahigh-intensity laser pulse interacting with various plasma solid foils is investigated with a series of quantum electrodynamic particlein-cell(PIC)*** ultrahigh-intensity lasers interact with plasma foils,a large amount of the laser energy is converted intoγphoton *** simulation results indicate that for a fixed laser intensity with different foil densities,the conversion efficiency of the laser toγphotons and the number of produced photons are highly related to the foil *** determine the optimal foil density by PIC simulations for high conversion efficiencies as approximately 250 times the critical plasma density,and this result agrees very well with our theoretical *** different foil thicknesses are simulated and the effects of foil thickness onγphoton emission and positron production are *** results indicate that optimal foil thickness plays an important role in obtaining the desiredγphoton and positron production according to the foil density and laser ***,a relation between the laser intensity and conversion efficiency is present for the optimal foil density and thickness.

关键词： laser–plasma interaction positron generation γray emission nonlinear Compton scattering particle-in-cell(PIC)simulation

Structural and Mechanistic Studies of γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticle as Capecitabine Drug Nanocarrier

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2018年第3期37卷 375-382页

作者： ETEBARI Nasfin MORSali ali BEYRAMABADI S.ali Department of Chemistry Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityMashhadIran&Research Center for Animal Development Applied Biology Mashhad BranchIslamic Azad UniversitG Mashhad 917568Iran

Using density functional theory,noncovalent interactions and four mechanisms of covalent functionalization of capecitabine anticancer drug onto γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have been *** molecular descriptors of noncovalent configurations were *** was specified that binding of capecitabine onto γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles is thermodynamically *** and the gap of energy between LUMO and HOMO of capecitabine are higher than the noncovalent configurations,showing the reactivity of capecitabine increases in the presence of γ-Fe2O3 *** can bond to γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles through OH（k1 mechanism）,NH（k2 mechanism）,CO（k3 mechanism） and F（k4 mechanism） *** activation energies,activation enthalpies and activation Gibbs free energies of these reactions were *** was specified that the k1 and k2 mechanisms are under thermodynamic control and k3 and k4 under kinetic *** results could be generalized to other similar drugs.

关键词： γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles capecitabine density functional theory noncovalent and covalent functionalization mechanism

In flue nee of microwave drying and con venti onal drying methods on the mechanical properties of naproxen sodium drug tablets

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Particuology 2020年第6期18卷 30-40页

作者： Maha Al-ali Rajarathinam Parthasarathy Chemical and Environmental Engineering School of EngineeringRM1T UniversityMelbourneVictoria 3001Australia

Tablets are one of the most comm only used solid dosage forms taken by *** preparati on of high-quality tablets requires an understanding of the preparation process and elucidation of how the physical and mechanical properties change as a function of the preparation *** work aims to investigate the impact of microwave irradiation drying and conventional drying methods(including freeze,convective and vacuum drying)on the hardness,tensile strength and friability of tablets made from a multi-component formulation containing naproxen sodium,microcrystalline cellulose,and *** results show that tablets subjected to microwave drying had the secondhighest tensile strength and hardness of 1.296 MPa and 67 N,*** tablets subjected to vacuum drying had the lowest tensile strength and hardness of 1.21 MPa and 64 N,*** friability index values for the tablets derived from the microwave and freeze-drying methods werel%.Microwave drying was observed to be an efficient method to produce naproxen sodium-containing tablets with satisfactory mechanical *** findings confirm that the drying method plays an essential role in the improvement or degradation of the mechanical properties of tablets.

关键词： Microwave drying Naproxen sodium Hardness Friability Tensile strength

Comparison of shallow tunneling method with pile and rib method for construction of subway station in soft ground

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022年第6期16卷 704-717页

作者： Sina AMIRI ali Naghi DEHGHAN Department of Mining Engineering Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran

In the present study,a comparison between the new shallow tunneling method(STM)and the traditional pile and rib method(PRM)was conducted to excavate and construct subway stations in the geological conditions of ***,by selecting Station Z6 located in the Tehran Subway Line 6 as a case study,the construction process was analyzed by *** maximum ground settlement of 29.84 mm obtained from this method was related to the station axis,and it was within the allowable settlement limit of 30 *** acceptable agreement between the results of numerical modeling and instrumentation data indicated the confirmation and accuracy of the excavation and construction process of Station Z6 by *** the next stage,based on the numerical model validated by instrumentation data,the value of the ground surface settlement was investigated during the station excavation and construction by *** results obtained from STM showed a significant reduction in the ground surface settlement compared to *** maximum settlement obtained from STM was 6.09 mm as related to the front of the excavation ***,the sensitivity analysis results denoted that in addition to controlling the surface settlement by STM,it is possible to optimize some critical geometric parameters of the support system during the station excavation and construction.

关键词： shallow tunneling method pile and rib method ground surface settlement subway station construction numerical modeling

The Lanthanide Tetrad Effect in Argillic Alteration: An Example from the Jizvan District, Northern Iran

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1468-1485页

作者： ali ABEDINI Mansour REZAEI AZIZI ali Asghar CALAGARI Department of Geology Faculty of Sciences Urmia University Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz

Intrusion of quartz-monzodioritic igneous bodies of Oligocene age into Eocene lithic crystal tufts and trachy-basalts resulted in the occurrence of a widespread argillic alteration zone in the Jizvan district （northern Iran）. Mineralogically, the argillie alteration zone includes minerals such as kaolinite, quartz, smectite, pyrophyllite, muscovite-illite, alunite, rutile, calcite, feldspar, chlorite, hematite and goethite. Therefore, the non-CHARAC behaviour for trace elements in the argillic samples is reflected in the non-chondritic Y/Ho and Zr/Hf ratios and the irregular REE patterns, which appear related to the tetrad effect phenomenon. The chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns indicate both concave （W-shaped） and convex （M-shaped） tetrad effects in the argillic samples. Based on the field evidence and the results from geochemical studies, it can be concluded that the samples from the argillic alteration zone having high fourth tetrad effect values （〉0.30） were developed in the fault and breccia zones. The results indicate that factors such as preferential scavenging by Mn-oxides, crystallization of clay minerals, fluid-rock interaction, overprint of hypogene mineral assemblage by supergene ones, and the structural control, have all played an important role in the occurrence of tetrad effects in samples of the argillic zone in the Jizvan district.

关键词： REE geochemistry tetrad effect argillic alteration Jizvan Iran

Composition,Structure and Regeneration Dynamics of Olea ferruginea Royle Forests from Hindukush Range of Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第3期12卷 647-658页

作者： NASRULLAH Khan FAYAZ ali KISHWAR ali SHAHID Shaukat Laboratory of Plant Ecology Department of Botany University of Malakand Department of Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Reading Institute of Environmental Studies University of Karachi

Abstract＂ The abundance of Olea ferruginea in Malakand Division has been significantly reduced across its distribution range due to anthropogenic pressure in the recent past. A number of initiatives were taken for grafting this species to obtain better seeds for oil production, without the basic information on their ecology and management. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the composition, structure and regeneration dynamics of Olea ferruginea forests in Malakand Division, Hindukush range of Pakistan. In the present study, five communities dominated by Oleaferruginea were identified using Ward＇s agglomerative cluster analysis. Total tree density ranged from 153-26o2 plants/ha, and basal area from 19.55 to 2353 m~ ha-1 with Olea having a relative density of 51% to 87% and basal area of 48% to 93%, respectively. The density of juveniles of the dominant and subordinate tree species were generally low which reflect their narrow distribution in the study area. Size-class distributions of O. ferruginea disclosed a bell-shaped pattern, indicating that forests were heavily exploited by local inhabitants in previous periods and recently by armed forces owing to security risks in the study area. The age （mean max. 300±34 years） and annual increment （3.2±1.2 years/cm） indicates that the species is long lived and generally slow growing among the different broad leaved species studied so far. However, the oldest trees can be found by the exploration of large diameter trees in the area. In addition, we found a stable linear relationship between the age and diameter （r2 = o.779）, indicating that diameter is a good predictor of age for this broad leaved species. In view of its relatively slow growth, longevity and positive ring-width characteristics O. ferruginea seems to be a suitable choice for dendroecological and dendrochronological studies in lesser Himalayan and Hindukush ranges of Pakistan. The results obtained from this study may help in understanding the composi

关键词： Oleaferruginea Species composition Ward's agglomerative cluster analysis Seedling Dendroecology

Imaging of target with complicated motion using ISAR system based on IPHAF-TVA

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第2期34卷 252-264页

作者： Abdelkader ali CHERIF Yong WANG Algerian Space Agency Satellite Development CenterOran 31000Algeria Research Institute of Electronic Engineering Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The technique of imaging a target with a complicated motion using an Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(ISAR) system is an effective tool in the field of radar signal processing. After the translational compensation, the received signal reflected from the target can take the form of a multi-component Polynomial Phase Signal(m-PPS), and the high quality ISAR image can be provided via the combination between the estimated parameters of the m-PPS and the Range Instantaneous-Doppler technique(RID). For a target with a high maneuvrability, the occurrence of scatterers Migration Through Resolution Cell(MTRC), caused by the rotational movement could be appearing. That is why the variation in the amplitude of the echo during the time of observation cannot be neglected. The purpose of this study is the parameters estimation of the m-PPS signal with order three in the case of the Time Varying Amplitude(TVA). The Improved-version of the Product High-order Ambiguity Function(IPHAF) with TVA is proposed to improve the quality of the ISAR image compared with traditional techniques based on a constant amplitude;the experimental outcomes confirm that the new IPHAF-TVA method presented in this study is an effective technique to make the ISAR image very clear.

关键词： Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar(ISAR) Maneuvering target Multi-component Polynomial Phase Signal(m-PPS) Product High-Order Ambiguity Function(IPHAF) Time Varying Amplitude(TVA)