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The mechanism of dysbiosis in alcoholic liver disease leading to liver cancer

Hepatoma Research 2020年第2期6卷 20-32页

作者： Nahum Méndez-sánchez Alejandro Valencia-Rodríguez alfonso Vera-Barajas Ludovico Abenavoli Emidio scarpellini Guadalupe Ponciano-Rodríguez David Q.-H.Wang Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic&FoundationMexico City 14050Mexico Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Health sciences University“Magna Graecia”Viale EuropaCatanzaro 88100Italy Clinical Nutrition Unit and Internal Medicine Unit“Madonna del Soccorso”General HospitalVia Luciano Manara 7San Benedetto del Tronto(AP)63074Italy Public Health Department Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico City 04510Mexico Department of Medicine and Genetics Division of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesMarion Bessin Liver Research CenterEinstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461USA

Currently, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, representing one of the main etiologies of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although we do not know the exact mechanisms by which only a selected group of patients with ALD progress to the final stage of HCC, the role of the gut microbiota within the progression to HCC has been intensively studied in recent years. To date, we know that alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis is an important feature of ALD with important repercussions on the severity of this disease. In essence, an increased metabolism of ethanol in the gut induced by an excessive alcohol consumption promotes gut dysfunction and bacterial overgrowth, setting a leaky gut. This causes the translocation of bacteria, endotoxins, and ethanol metabolites across the enterohepatic circulation reaching the liver, where the recognition of the pathogen-associated molecular patterns via specific Toll-like receptors of liver cells will induce the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, which releases pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, the mitogenic activity of hepatocytes will be promoted and cellular apoptosis will be inhibited, resulting in the development of HCC. In this context, it is not surprising that microbiota-regulating drugs have proven effectiveness in prolonging the overall survival of patients with HCC, making attractive the implementation of these drugs as co-adjuvant for HCC treatment.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease gut microbiota dysbiosis hepatocellular carcinoma

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Treatment of active steroid-refractory inflammatory bowel diseases with granulocytapheresis: Our experience with a prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2201-2204页

作者： Bresci Giampaolo Parisi Giuseppe Bertoni Michele Mazzoni Alessandro scatena Fabrizio Capria alfonso U.O. di Gastroenterologia U.O. di Immunoematologia Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Pisana PisaItaly

AIM： To report our experience with the use of granulocytapheresis （GCAP） in 14 patients with active steroid-refractory inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） in order to evaluate its efficacy in achieving remission and maintaining a long lasting symptom-free period. METHODs： The activity of the disease was evaluated by clinical activity index （CAI） and endoscopic index （EI） in ulcerative colitis （UC）, while by Crohn＇s disease activity index （CDAI） in Crohn＇s disease （CD）. The patients were treated using the AdacolumnTM system, an adsorption column which selectively binds to granulocytes and monocytes. One session/week of GCAP was performed for 5 wk. steroids were stopped during apheresis. REsULTs： All the patients completed the five-week course showing no complications. At the end of the last session, 93% of patients showed a clinical remission of the disease that persisted for 6 too. Nine months after the end of the treatment, 60% of the cases maintained remission, while 23% of the patients were still in clinical remission after 12 too. CONCLUsION： Even if the number of our patients with steroid-refractory IBDs was not big, we can assert that GCAP is well tolerated and effective, especially in the first six months after the treatment, in a significant percentage of cases. The rate of sustained response drops slightly after 6 mo and significantly after 12 too, however the absence of severe side effects can be a stimulus for further evaluating new schedules of treatment.

关键词： Granulocytapheresis Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease steroid-refractory

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Climate,female traits and population features as drivers of breeding timing in Mediterranean red deer populations

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 396-408页

作者： Marta PELÁEZ alfonso sAN MIGUEL Carlos RODRÍGUEZ-VIGAL Ramón PEREA Department of Natural systems and Resources Technical University of MadridMadridSpain National Parks Autonomous Agency MadridSpain Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

Understanding the factors that lead to variation in the timing of breeding in widespread species such as red deer(Cervus elaphus)is crucial to predict possible responses of wild populations to different climate ***,we sought to further understand the causes of inter-annual variation in the reproduction timing of female deer in Mediterranean *** integrative approach was used to identify the relative importance of individual,population and climate traits in the date of conception of free-ranging deer,based on a dataset of 829 hinds culled during 12 *** found that a population trait,density,was the most important factor explaining the variation in conception dates,with greater densities causing later conception *** mass was the second in importance,with heavier females conceiving earlier than lighter *** equally important was the spring real bioclimatic index,a measure of plant productivity,causing later conception dates in the least productive springs(drier and hotter).Another climatic component,the end of summer drought,showed that the sooner the autumn arrives(greater rainfalls and cooler temperatures)the earlier the conception ***,age class was found to be a minor factor in determining conception *** older females(≥10 years old)conceived significantly later,suggesting reproductive *** study highlights not only the importance of population and individual traits but also the influence of climatic parameters on the deer reproductive cycle in Mediterranean environments,giving valuable insight into how reproductive phenology may respond to seasonality and global climate changes.

关键词： density-dependence mating short-day breeder summer drought ungulates

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Resveratrol effects on neural connectivity during aging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第7期11卷 1067-1068页

作者： Gonzalo Flores Rubén Antonio Vázquez-Roque alfonso Diaz Instituto de fisiología Benemerita Universidad autónoma de Puebla.14 Sur 6301PueblaMexico Departamento de Farmacia Facultad de Ciencias químicasbenemérita Universidad autónoma de PueblaPueblaMexico

Aging has been considered a natural process of any living *** rate of aging depends on many factors,including genetic and environmental *** this reason,many researchers in this field suggest that aging is an epigeneti... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol connectivity older hippocampus neuronal metabolism cortical Aging cortex PPAR

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Risk assessment of venous thromboembolism in inflammatory bowel disease by inherited risk in a population-based incident cohort

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第39期29卷 5494-5502页

作者： Andrew s Rifkin Zhuqing shi Jun Wei siqun Lilly Zheng Brian T Helfand Jonathan s Cordova Vincent F Biank alfonso J Tafur Omar Khan Jianfeng Xu Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonIL 60201United States Department of surgery NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonIL 60201United States Pritzker school of Medicine University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States Department of Pediatrics NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonIL 60201United States Cardiovascular Institute NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonIL 60201United States Department of Medicine NorthShore University HealthSystemEvanstonIL 60201United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract with increasing prevalence *** venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a major complication in IBD patients,it is often underappreciated with limited tools for risk *** To estimate the proportion of VTE among IBD patients and assess genetic risk factors(monogenic and polygenic)for *** Incident VTE was followed for 8465 IBD patients in the UK Biobank(UKB).The associations of VTE with F5 factor V leiden(FVL)mutation,F2 G20210A prothrombin gene mutation(PGM),and polygenic score(PGs003332)were tested using Cox hazards regression analysis,adjusting for age at IBD diagnosis,gender,and genetic background(top 10 principal components).The performance of genetic risk factors for discriminating VTE diagnosis was estimated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).REsULTs The overall proportion of incident VTE was 4.70%in IBD patients and was similar for CD(4.46%),UC(4.49%),and unclassified(6.42%),and comparable to that of cancer patients(4.66%)who are well-known at increased risk for *** carriers of F5/F2 had a significantly increased risk for VTE compared to non-mutation carriers,hazard ratio(HR)was 1.94,95%confidence interval(CI):*** contrast,patients with the top PGs decile had a considerably higher risk for VTE compared to those with intermediate scores(middle 8 deciles),HR was 2.06(95%CI:1.57-2.71).The AUC for differentiating VTE diagnosis was 0.64(95%CI:0.61-0.67),0.68(95%CI:0.66-0.71),and 0.69(95%CI:0.66-0.71),respectively,for F5/F2 mutation carriers,PGs,and *** similar to cancer patients,VTE complications are common in IBD *** provides more informative risk information than F5/F2 mutations(FVL and PGM)for personalized thromboprophylaxis.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Venous thromboembolism Polygenic score Factor V leiden Prothrombin gene mutation

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Endotics system vs colonoscopy for the detection of polyps

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5452-5456页

作者： Emanuele Tumino Rodolfo sacco Marco Bertini Michele Bertoni Giuseppe Parisi alfonso Capria Operative Unit of Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases Department of Gastroenterology Pisa University Hospital Institute of Internal Medicine University of Foggia

AIM: To compare the endotics system (Es), a set of new medical equipment for diagnostic colonoscopy, with video-colonoscopy in the detection of polyps. METHODs: Patients with clinical or familial risk of colonic polyps/carcinomas were eligible for this study. After a standard colonic cleaning, detection of polyps by the Es and by video-colonoscopy was performed in each patient on the same day. In each single patient, the assessment of the presence of polyps was performed by two independent endoscopists, who were randomly assigned to evaluate, in a blind fashion, the presence of polyps either by Es or by standard colonoscopy. The frequency of successful procedures (i.e. reaching to the cecum), the time for endoscopy, and the need for sedation were recorded. sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the Es were also calculated. REsULTs: A total of 71 patients (40 men, mean age51.9 ± 12.0 years) were enrolled. The cecum was reached in 81.6% of Es examinations and in 94.3% of colonoscopies (P = 0.03). The average time of endoscopy was 45.1 ± 18.5 and 23.7 ± 7.2 min for the Es and traditional colonoscopy, respectively (P sedation during Es examination, compared with 19.7% of patients undergoing colonoscopy (P sensitivity and specificity of Es for detecting polyps were 93.3% (95% CI: 68-98) and 100% (95% CI: 76.8-100), respectively. PPV was 100% (95% CI: 76.8-100) and NPV was 97.7% (95% CI: 88-99.9). CONCLUsION: The Es allows the visualization of the entire colonic mucosa in most patients, with good sensitivity/specificity for the detection of lesions and without requiring sedation.

关键词： Colonoscopy Diagnosis Endotics system Polyps sedation

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suppression Effects on Pineapple soil-Borne Pathogens by Crotalaria juncea,Dolomitic Lime and Plastic Mulch Cover on MD-2 Hybrid Cultivar

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第4期90卷 1205-1216页

作者： Luis alfonso Aguilar Pérez Daniel NietoÁngel Moisés Roberto Vallejo Pérez Daniel Leobardo Ochoa Martínez David Espinosa Victoria Andrés Rebolledo Martinez Abel Rebouças são José Fitopatología Colegio de PostgraduadosMontecillo-Texcoco56230México CONACyT-Universidad Autónoma de san Luis Potosí CIACYTSan Luis Potosí78000México Edafología Colegio de PostgraduadosMontecillo-Texcoco56230México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y PecuariasVeracruz94270México Rebouças são José A.UESB/DFZVitória da Conquista95Brasil

The development and implementation of sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices are indispensable as alternatives to pesticide use and to keep populations of soil-borne plant pathogens at levels that do not affect crop *** present research evaluates the incidence of soil-borne phytopathogens on the pineapple variety MD-2,which was subjected to different treatments:Incorporation of Crotalaria juncea into the soil(organic amendment),application of dolomitic lime to soil(inorganic amendment),and the use of plastic mulch covering the *** the crop cycle(15 months),the following variables were evaluated:plant height(cm),fruit weight(kg·plant^(−1)),crop yield(ton·ha^(−1)),the bud root disease incidence caused by Phytophthora nicotianae,number of soil phytoparasitic nematodes and colony-forming-units(CFUs)of soil fungi and *** results indicate that Crotalaria juncea treatment reduced the pathogen population(nematode and oomycetes)at levels that did not affect crop development,so that yield increased(18–20%).The incorporation of *** into the soil as an organic amendment favors the populations of fungi disease suppressors(Trichoderma-Aspergillus).The phytoparasitic nematodes(Meloidogyne sp.,Pratylenchus sp.,and Mesocriconema sp.)and oomycetes(Phytophthora spp.,and Pythium spp.)showed a reduction of their population levels by effects of organic amendment(***).The plastic mulch was also effective,probably due to the maintenance of optimal condition to crop growth and weed ***,the dolomitic lime application had the poorest effect under the conditions of the study area on the variables *** described observations are characteristics of a system-based approach for the potential management of soil-borne pathogens of pineapple MD-2 in Veracruz,México.

关键词： suppressive soil integrated pest management Phytophthora nicotiannae Phytoparasitic nematodes

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Modelling of adsorption of textile dyes over multi-walled carbon nanotubes:Equilibrium and kinetic

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期25卷 523-532页

作者： Danilo Vuono Enrico Catizzone Alfredo Aloise alfonso Policicchio Raffaele G.Agostino Massimo Migliori Girolamo Giordano University of Calabria Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineeringvia P.Bucci1-87036 RendeCSItaly University of Calabria Department of Physicsvia P.Bacd1-87036 RendeCSItaly

The paper deals with the application of multiwall carbon nanotubes(CNTs) to the adsorption of dyes from wastewater. Textile dyes are dangerous and diffused pollutant in wastewater, and the paper results confirmed the good adsorption ability of CNTs, with respect to classic active carbon, even for different dye types. The effect of surface treatments of CNTs was primarily investigated, revealing that neither the presence of residual catalyst nor common surface treatment(oxidation) affects the CNT's performances. Therefore less expensive nonpurified CNTs were assessed as good and economically convenient alternative for the process. In order to gain in generality in adsorption kinetic modelling, the parameters of the "best fitting" pseudo-second order model have been correlated to the main process variables(the dye initial concentration and the specific mass of CNTs.) setting-up a predictive kinetic model useful design new application of these materials in currently operating industrial operations for adsorption. In addition, isothermal data were used to screen all the relevant adsorption isotherms models and the Temkin model was confirmed as the more effective to accurately fit equilibrium data for any of the considered different dye types.

关键词： wastewater walled classic isotherms dangerous pollutant economically expensive currently adsorbent

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Triglyceride levels and apolipoprotein E polymorphism in patients with acute pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第1期11卷 96-101页

作者： Radka Ivanova susana Puerta alfonso Garrido Ignacio Cueto Ana Ferro María José Ariza Andrés Cobos Pedro González-santos Pedro Valdivielso Division of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario "Virgen de la Victoria" Division of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario "Virgen de la Victoria" CIMEs Department of Medicine & Dermatology University of Malaga Division of Laboratory Hospital Universitario "Virgen de la Victoria"

BACKGROUND:Hypertriglyceridemia is an unusual cause of acute pancreatitis and sometimes considered to be an *** study aimed to investigate the clinical and analytical features and the APOE genotypes in patients with acute pancreatitis and severe ***:We undertook a one-year,prospective study of patients with acute pancreatitis whose first laboratory analysis on admission to the emergency department included measurement of serum *** APOE genotype was determined and the patients answered an established questionnaire within the first 24 hours concerning their alcohol consumption,the presence of co-morbidities and any medications being *** patients’ progression,etiological diagnosis,hospital stay and clinical and radiological severity were all ***:Hypertriglyceridemia was responsible for 7 of 133 cases of pancreatitis (5%);the remaining cases were of biliary (53%),idiopathic (26%),alcoholic (11%) or other (5%) *** with these remaining cases,the patients with hypertriglyceridemia were significantly younger,had more relapses,and more often had diabetes *** usually consumed alcohol or consumed it excessively on the days before ***,the ε4 allele of the APOE gene was more common in this group (PsION:One of 20 episodes of acute pancreatitis is caused by hypertriglyceridemia and it is linked to genetic (ε4 allele) and comorbid factors such as diabetes and,especially,alcohol consumption.

关键词： acute pancreatitis hypertriglyceridemia apolipoprotein E alcohol biliary lithiasis

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Renin-angiotensin system blockade: Effect on renal mRNA expression in 5/6 nephrectomized rats

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Health 2013年第4期5卷 9-15页

作者： Erika Yadira Cruz-Laguna Ana Ma. Gámez-Méndez Hilda Vargas-Robles Amelia Ríos alfonso Méndez-Tenorio Bruno Escalante CINVEsTAV Unidad Monterrey Apodaca México Departamento de Biomedicina CINVESTAV Unidad Zacatenco México City México Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Bioinformática Genómica Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (IPN) México City México

The aim of this study was to determinate the gene expression levels of angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme, renin, (pro)renin receptor, and the final rennin-angiotensin system (RAs) products Angiotensin (Ang) II and Ang 1-7 inthe remnant kidney of 5/6 nephrectomized rats and its response to RAs pharmacological blockade. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: sham operated (sO), 5/6 nephrectomized (NFX), NFX + captopril (50 mg/ kg/day), NFX + losartan (10 mg/kg/day), and NFX + aliskiren (10 mg/kg/day). Animals were followed up for 60 days and protein urine excretion was measured. systolic blood pressure, renal tissue RAs mRNA expression levels, plasma Ang II, and plasma Ang 1-7 were evaluated at day 60 after nephrectomy. Blood pressure and urine protein were increased after 5/6 nephrectomy. Ang II levels were increased 9.4 fold, whereas Ang 1-7 decreased 72.9% in NFX animals compared with sO rats. 5/6 nephrectomy increased renal angiotensinogen and (pro)renin receptor mRNA expression but down-regulated renin mRNA expression. RAs blockade restored the systolic blood pressure to normal values and slowed down urinary protein excretion, and also prevented changes in Ang II and Ang 1-7. RAs blockade reduced (pro)renin receptor, ACE, and AGT mRNA expression in the remnant kidney. However, renin mRNA expression increased compared with NFX rats. In conclusion these results suggest that inhibition of Ang II synthesis by RAs blockade is associated with renal regulation of RAs mRNA expression and this may be through a mechanism related with the Ang II/Ang 1-7 balance.

关键词： Angiotensin II Angiotensin 1-7 ACE RAs Blockade

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