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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第3期4卷 262-269页

作者： alfons meyer Doris Meister Wilhelm Gaus Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry University of Ulm Ulm Germany. Kaiser-Friedrich-Ring 77 Wiesbaden Germany Medical Science Department Kyberg Vital GmbH Oberhaching Germany

Purpose: Special nutrients have an impact on common cold infections. In this trial we have investigated the effectiveness of the specific amino acid composition “aminoplus? immun” on the occurrence, duration and severity of common cold. Material and Methods: Our study is a controlled, randomised completely masked trial comparing genuine trial remedy versus placebo in parallel groups. Eligible subjects were people with recurrent and chronic infections of the ear, nose and pharyngeal area. The treatment period was 90 days. The primary outcome was the mean number of days that the patients had symptoms of infections. Results: From Oct. 2009 to Feb. 2010 a total of 145 patients were recruited, of whom 119 had no major protocol violation and were valid for assessment. Two thirds of the patients were female. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. 65% of participants had come into contact with many people and thereby an increased risk of infection. On average the patients had 11.1 infections during the 12 months before the study. Compliance for the intake of the study preparation was 98.9%. Due to randomisation, the groups were very similar and balanced. The primary and all 6 secondary outcome variables showed a clear superiority of the investigated amino acid composition over placebo (p Conclusion: The specific composition “aminoplus? immun is effective in preventing recurrent and chronic infections of the ear, nose and upper respiratory tract.

关键词： Amino Acids Immune System Vitamins Common Cold Chronic Infection of Ear Nose Pharyngeal Area

Dietary supplementation of zinc oxide modulates intestinal functionality during the post-weaning period in clinically healthy piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 313-328页

作者： Dirkjan Schokker Soumya K.Kar Els Willems Alex Bossers Ruud A.Dekker alfons J.M.Jansman Wageningen Bioveterinary Research LelystadThe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Royal Agrifirm Group ApeldoornThe Netherlands Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands

Background To improve our understanding of host and intestinal microbiome interaction,this research investigated the effects of a high-level zinc oxide in the diet as model intervention on the intestinal microbiome and small intestinal functionality in clinically healthy post-weaning *** study 1,piglets received either a high concentration of zinc(Zn)as zinc oxide(Zn O,Zn,2,690 mg/kg)or a low Zn concentration(100 mg/kg)in the diet during the post weaning period(d 14–23).The effects on the piglet's small intestinal microbiome and functionality of intestinal tissue were *** study 2,the impact of timing of the dietary zinc intervention was investigated,i.e.,between d 0–14 and/or d 14–23 post weaning,and the consecutive effects on the piglet's intestinal functionality,here referring to microbiota composition and diversity and gene expression *** Differences in the small intestinal functionality were observed during the post weaning period between piglets receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content.A shift in the microbiota composition in the small intestine was observed that could be characterized as a non-pathological change,where mainly the commensals *** the immediate post weaning period,i.e.,d 0–14,the highest number of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in intestinal tissue were observed between animals receiving a diet with a low or high concentration Zn O content,i.e.,23 DEGs in jejunal tissue and 11 DEGs in ileal *** genes are involved in biological processes related to immunity and inflammatory *** example,genes CD59 and REG3G were downregulated in the animals receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O content compared to low Zn O content in both jejunum and ileum *** the second study,a similar result was obtained regarding the expression of genes in intestinal tissue related to immune pathways when comparing piglets receiving a diet with a high concentration Zn O con

关键词： Immune system Intestinal functionality Microbiota Piglets Zinc oxide

Effect of welding parameters on the heat-affected zone of AISI409 ferritic stainless steel

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第10期19卷 923-929页

作者： Eslam Ranjbarnodeh Stefanie Hanke Sabine Weiss alfons Fischer Young Researchers Club(East Tehran Branch) Islamic Azad UniversityTehran 33955-163Iran Materials Science and Engineering University of Duisburg-EssenDuisburg 47057Germany

One of the main problems during the welding of ferritic stainless steels is severe grain growth within the heat-affected zone （HAZ） In the present study, the microstmctural characteristics of tungsten inert gas （TIG） welded AISI409 ferritic stainless steel were investigated by electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD）, and the effects of welding parameters on the grain size, local misorientation, and low-angle grain boundaries were studied. A 3-D finite element model （FEM） was developed to predict the effects of welding parameters on the holding time of the HAZ above the critical temperature of grain growth. It is found that the base metal is not fully recrystallized. During the welding, complete recrystallization is followed by severe grain growth. A decrease in the number of low-angle grain boundaries is observed within the HAZ. FEM results show that the final state of residual sWains is caused by competition between welding plastic strains and their release by recrystallization. Still, the decisive factor for grain growth is heat input.

关键词： ferritic stainless steel welding heat affected zone recrystallization grain growth finite element method

Deciphering fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 683-695页

作者： alfons van den Kerkhof Andreas Kronz Klaus Simon Geowissenschaftliches Zentrum der Universitat Gottingen Goldschmidtstr.1-3 D 37073 GottingenGermany

The study of fluid inclusions in high-grade rocks is especially challenging as the host minerals have been normally subjected to deformation, recrystallization and fluid-rock interaction so that primary in- clusions, formed at the peak of metamorphism are rare. The larger part of the fluid inclusions found in metamorphic minerals is typically modified during uplift. These late processes may strongly disguise the characteristics of the ＂original＂ peak metamorphic fluid. A detailed microstructural analysis of the host minerals, notably quartz, is therefore indispensable for a proper interpretation of fluid inclusions. Cathodoluminescence （CL） techniques combined with trace element analysis of quartz （EPMA, LA- [CPMS） have shown to be very helpful in deciphering the rock-fluid evolution. Whereas high-grade metamorphic quartz may have relatively high contents of trace elements like Ti and A1, low- temperature re-equilibrated quartz typically shows reduced trace element concentrations. The result- ing microstructures in CL can be basically distinguished in diffusion patterns （along microfractures and grain boundaries）, and secondary quartz formed by dissolution-reprecipitation. Most of these textures are formed during retrograde fluid-controlled processes between ca. 220 and 500 ℃, i.e. the range of semi-brittle deformation （greenschist-facies） and can be correlated with the fluid inclusions. In this way modified and re-trapped fluids can be identified, even when there are no optical features observed under the microscope.

关键词： Fluid inclusionsGranuliteCharnockiteCathodoluminescenceLA-ICPMSQuartz

Morphology effects in MnCeO_(x)solid solution-catalyzed NO reduction with CO:Active sites,water tolerance,reaction pathway

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6951-6959页

作者： Quanquan Shi Yifei Zhang Zhiwen Li Zhongkang Han Liangliang Xu alfons Baiker Gao Li College of Science&College of Material Science and Art Design Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringETH ZurichHönggerbergHClCH-8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Morphological effects of nanoparticles are crucial in many solid-catalyzed chemical *** herein prepared two manganese-ceria solid solutions,well-defined MnCeO_(x)nanorods and MnCeO_(x)-nanocubes,exposing preferentially(111)and(100)facets of ceria,*** incorporation of Mn dopant into ceria lattice strongly enhanced the catalytic performance in the NO reduction with ***_(x)(111)catalyst outperformed MnCeO_(x)(100)counterpart due to its higher population density of oxygen vacancy ***-situ infrared spectroscopy investigations indicated that the reaction pathway over MnCeO_(x)and pristine CeO_(2)is similar and that besides the direct pathway,an indirect pathway via adsorbed hyponitrite as an intermediate cannot be ruled out.X-ray photoelectron and Raman spectroscopies as well as first-principles density functional theory(DFT)calculations indicate that the enhanced catalytic performance of MnCeO_(x)can be traced back to its“Mn–OL(VÖ)–Mn–OL(VÖ)–Ce”*** Mn dopant strongly facilitates the formation of surface oxygen vacancies(VÖ)by liberating surface lattice oxygen(OL)via CO*+OL→CO_(2)*+VÖand promotes the reduction of NO,according to NO*+VÖ→N*+OL and 2N*→N_(2).The Mn dopant impact on both the adsorption of CO and activation of OL reveals that a balance between these two effects is critical for facilitating all reaction steps.

关键词： NO reduction with CO manganese-ceria solid solution morphology effects reaction mechanism active sites

Nanostructured Ni-MoCx:An efficient non-noble metal catalyst for the chemoselective hydrogenation of nitroaromatics

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 8919-8928页

作者： Yifei Zhang Zhiwen Li Jingjing Zhang Liangliang Xu Zhong-Kang Han alfons Baiker Gao Li Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Institute for Chemical and BioengineeringETH ZurichHönggerbergHClZurich CH-8093Switzerland University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Catalysts for chemoselective hydrogenation are of vital importance for the synthesis of various important chemicals and *** we developed a simple method for preparing a highly efficient Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite catalyst via temperature-programmed carburization of a polyoxometalate precursor.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)analyses indicate that the resulting mesoporous nanocomposite catalyst is made up of well-dispersed metallic nickel particles embedded in a MoC_(x)*** catalyst exhibits high activity and selectivity(>99%)in the hydrogenation of various substituted nitroaromatics to corresponding *** high efficiency is attributed to the intimate contact of the constituents favoring electron transfer and hydrogen *** is physisorbed on the carbide support and dissociates on the nickel particles,as evidenced by Mo K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra,density functional theory(DFT),and hydrogen-deuterium *** remarkable catalytic performance of the catalyst could be traced back to the synergistic interaction between the Ni particles and the carbide ***-situ infrared spectroscopy and DFT simulations indicated that the adsorption/activation of the nitro group is favored compared to that of other substituents at the aromatic *** recyclability tests,the Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite showed no significant loss of catalytic performance in seven consecutive runs,indicating its robust nature.

关键词： Ni-MoC_(x)nanocomposite carburization of polyoxometalate hydrogenation nitroaromatics synergistic effect

Unusual presentation of localized gingival enlargement associated with a slow-growing odontogenic myxoma

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International Journal of Oral Science 2013年第3期5卷 172-175页

作者： Jaume Miranda Rius alfons Nadal Eduard Lahor Beatus Mtui Llu 's Brunet Departament d’Odontostomatologia Facultat d’Odontologia Universitat de Barcelona Servei d’Anatomia Patològica Hospital Clinic Facultat de Medicina Universitat de Barcelona Dental & Oral Department Soweto General Hospital Arusha Servei d’Odontologia Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Déu Universitat de Barcelona

Unusual presentation of localized gingival enlargement associated with a subjacent tumoural pathology is *** patient was a55-year-old black male,whose chief complaint was a progressive gingival overgrowth for more than ten years,in the buccal area of the anterior left *** to the clinical features and the radiological diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst,a conservative surgery with enucleation and curettage was *** submitted for histopathological analysis rendered the diagnosis of odontogenic *** 12-month of follow-up,no evidence of recurrence was *** should be cautious when facing any gingival enlargement to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and to indicate the appropriate treatment.

关键词： gingival enlargement jaw neoplasm odontogenic tumour myxoma myxofibroma

Corrosion behavior of Fe–Cr–Ni based alloys exposed to molten MgCl_(2)–KCl–NaCl salt with over-added Mg corrosion inhibitor

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 1608-1619页

作者： Rui Yu Qing Gong Hao Shi Yan Chai Alexander Bonk alfons Weisenburger Dihua Wang Georg Müller Thomas Bauer Wenjin Ding Institute for Pulsed Power and Microwave Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany School of Resources and Environmental Science Wuhan University(WHU)Wuhan 430072China Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center(DLR)70569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace Center(DLR)70569 CologneGermany

MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl salts mixture shows great potential as a high-temperature(>700°C)thermal energy storage material in next-generation concentrated solar power *** Mg into molten MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl salt as a corrosion inhibitor is one of the most effective and cost-effective methods to mitigate the molten salt corrosion of commercial Fe–Cr–Ni ***,it is found in this work that both stainless steel 310 and Incoloy 800H samples were severely corroded after 500 h immersion test at 700°C when the alloy samples directly contacted with the over-added Mg in the liquid *** corrosion attack is different from the classical impurity-driven corrosion in molten chloride salts found in previous *** analysis indicates that Ni preferentially leaches out of alloy matrix due to the tendency to form MgNi_(2)/Mg_(2)Ni *** Ni-depletion leads to the formation of a porous corrosion layer on both alloys,with the thickness around 204μm(stainless steel 310)and 1300μm(Incoloy 800H),*** results suggest that direct contact of liquid Mg with Ni-containing alloys should be avoided during using Mg as a corrosion inhibitor for MgCl_(2)–NaCl–KCl or other chlorides for high temperature heat storage and transfer.

关键词： concentrated solar power(CSP) Mg corrosion inhibitor Mg-Ni intermetallic salt purification thermal energy storage(TES)

The treatment of Parkinson's disease with deep brain stimulation: current issues

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1018-1022页

作者： Alexia-Sabine Moldovan Stefan Jun Groiss Saskia Elben Martin Südmeyer alfons Schnitzler Lars Wojtecki Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Department of Neurology University Hospital Düsseldorf Germany & Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Medical Faculty Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf

Deep brain stimulation has become a well-established symptomatic treatment for Parkinson＇s disease during the last 25 years. Besides improving motor symptoms and long-term motor complications, positive effects on patients＇ mobility, activities of daily living, emotional well-being and health-related quality of life have been recognized. Apart from that, numerous clinical trials analyzed effects on non-motor symptoms and side effects of deep brain stimulation. Several technical issues and stimulation paradigms have been and are still being developed to optimize the therapeutic effects, minimize the side effects and facilitate handling. This review summarizes current therapeutic issues, i.e., patient and target selection, surgical procedure and programming paradigms. In addition it focuses on neuropsychological effects and side effects of deep brain stimulation.

关键词： Parkinson's disease deep brain stimulation subthalamic nucleus

Optical Rotatory Dispersion Measurement of D-Glucose with Fixed Polarizer Analyzer Accessory in Conventional Spectrophotometer

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2013年第4期3卷 234-239页

作者： alfons Penzkofer Faculty of Physics University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany.

In the sample compartment of a conventional spectrophotometer, mounting of a polarizer before sample and an analyzer behind sample allows the determination of the optical rotatory dispersion of optical active media by measurement of the transmission ratio of crossed and parallel arranged polarizer and analyzer. A formula for the determination of the angle of rotation is derived from the transmission ratio. The arrangement is applied to determine the molar optical rotation of D-glucose in water in the wavelength range from 220 nm to 820 nm.

关键词： Optical Activity Optical Rotatory Dispersion Specific Optical Rotation Molar Optical Rotation Polarimeter Spectropolarimeter Grape Sugar D-Glucose