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Focal neurological deficit in acute anemia: Case reports and review of the literature

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2013年第2期3卷 53-56页

作者： Salvatore Giuffrida Giuseppe Carpinteri Daniela Modica Manuela Pennisi alfio catalano Rita Bella Giovanni Pennisi Carolin Cornelius Giuseppe Lanza Department “G. F. Ingrassia” Section of Neurosciences University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Chemistry School of Medicine University of Catania Catania Italy Medicina e Chirurgia d’Accettazione d’Urgenza “Policlinico–Vittorio Emanuele” University Hospital Catania Italy

Introduction: Although anemia is not regarded as an usual vascular risk factor for stroke, it is one of the potential mechanism by which the brain does not receive adequate oxygenation. Moreover, the relationship between drop of hemoglobin and acute focal neurological deficits is not clear. We report two patients with cerebral infarction due to acute anemia. Case Reports: Case 1 was a 73-year-old man who complained an episode of loss of consciousness followed by right hemiparesis and dysarthria after few hours. The day after admission he presented melena caused by a duodenal ulcer bleeding. The hemoglobin dropped from 11.3 g/dl to5.6 g/dl in 24 hours. Areas of acute infarctions were evident at diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain. Case 2 was a 77-year-old man with a transient episode of aphasia, right lower limb paresis and mental confusion twelve hours after an intervention of PTA and stenting of the left internal carotid artery. Hemoglobin was11.8 g/dl before intervention and9 g/dl 48 hours later. DWI showed bilateral and widespread acute infarcts. Conclusion: Anemia has to be considered as a potential factor in determining or worsening cerebral infarction, especially in patients with carotid or intracranial stenosis, high cerebrovascular lesions load or insufficient collateral supply. Acute or severe anemia may negatively impact the cerebral blood flow and decrease oxygen-carrying capacity, promote rapid deterioration of ischemic penumbra. Brain DWI and treatment of the underlying etiology of acute anemia are crucial in early identification and recovery of cerebral infarctions.

关键词： Low Hemoglobin Level Focal Neurological Sign Brain Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Cerebral Hemodynamic Cerebral Infarction

Course of Atypical Manifestations of a Case of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease over 35 Years of Clinical Observation

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2013年第3期4卷 145-149页

作者： Giuseppe Lanza Luisa Vinciguerra Valentina Puglisi Daniela Modica alfio catalano Giuseppe Zelante Riccardo Ricceri Lorenzo Lupo Salvatore Giuffrida Manuela Pennisi Department “G. F. Ingrassia” MED 01 University of Catania Catania Italy Department “G. F. Ingrassia” Section of Neurosciences University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Chemistry University of Catania Catania Italy.

Introduction: Atypical manifestations of peripheral neuropathy are not rare, challenging the differential diagnosis. In the past, the diagnosis of hereditary neuropathy was mainly based on the clinical and electromyographic (EMG) findings and, occasionally, biopsy. Nowadays, the genetic tests allow us to identify more than 40 different genes/loci associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, although some subtypes are clinically indistinguishable. We have followed a patient with a clinical diagnosis of apparent sporadic and atypical CMT and recently diagnosed genetically as distal hereditary motor neuropathy, type V (dHMN-V). Case Report: Thirty-five years ago, a 16 years old patient complained muscular weakness and wasting at the hands small muscles. Sporadic fasciculations were observed whereas deep tendon reflexes and sensation were normal. EMG examination revealed neurogenic muscular denervation in the distribution of C7, C8 and T1 segments bilaterally. Muscular biopsy of the left Biceps Brachii showed rare atrophic fibers and some cellular atypia. The disease has undergone a clinical and EMG progression and diffusion over the years, involving the lower limbs and leading to a bilateral steppage. A more slight diffuse axonal motor neuropathy was also identified in the proband’s son and second cousin. The genetic study found a known missense mutation in BSCL2 gene related to a dHMN-V. Interestingly, there was a remarkable intra-familiar phenotypic variability, especially in the clinical onset and severity. Discussion: Atypical manifestations of hereditary neuropathies often overlap with other conditions. The present case highlights how a comprehensive clinical evaluation and a careful follow-up have led to a correct diagnosis even 35 years later and have allowed to identify other affected family members. The apparent lack of familiarity was probably due to the very soft presentation in the proband’s relatives. Although the genetic study was not available at t

关键词： Hereditary Neuropathies Clinical Overlap Genetic Analysis Phenotypic Variability

Partitioned and Monolithic Algorithms for the Numerical Solution of Cardiac Fluid-Structure Interaction

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第10期32卷 1217-1256页

作者： Michele Bucelli Luca Dede alfio Quarteroni Christian Vergara MOX Dipartimento di MatematicaPolitecnico di MilanoP.zza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133MilanItaly Mathematics Institute EPFLAv.PiccardCH-1015 LausanneSwitzerland(Professor Emeritus) LABS Dipartimento di ChimicaMateriali e Ingegneria Chimica“Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoP.zza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133MilanItaly

We reviewand compare different fluid-structure interaction(FSI)numerical methods in the context of heart modeling,aiming at assessing their computational efficiency for cardiac numerical simulations and selecting the most appropriate method for heart *** dynamics within the human heart is characterized by active muscular action,during both contraction and relaxation phases of the *** efficient solution of the FSI problem in this context is challenging,due to the added-mass effect(caused by the comparable densities of fluid and solid,typical of biomechanics)and to the complexity,nonlinearity and anisotropy of cardiac consitutive *** this work,we review existing numerical coupling schemes for FSI in the two classes of strongly-coupled partitioned and monolithic *** schemes are compared on numerical tests that mimic the flow regime characterizing the heartbeat in a human ventricle,during both systole and *** mechanics is treated in both the active stress and active strain *** costs suggest the use of a monolithic *** employ it to simulate a full heartbeat of a human ventricle,showing how it allows to efficiently obtain physiologically meaningful results.

关键词： Heartmodeling activemechanics fluid structure interaction monolithic algorithms partitioned algorithms

Modelling the COVID-19 epidemic and the vaccination campaign in Italy by the SUIHTER model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第2期7卷 45-63页

作者： Nicola Parolini Luca Dede' Giovanni Ardenghi alfio Quarteroni MOX Department of MathematicsPolitecnico di MilanoItaly Institute of Mathematics Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)Switzerland

Several epidemiological models have been proposed to study the evolution of COVID-19 *** this paper,we propose an extension of the SUIHTER model,to analyse the COVID-19 spreading in Italy,which accounts for the vaccination campaign and the presence of new variants when they become *** particular,the specific features of the variants(*** increased transmission rate)and vaccines(*** efficacy to prevent transmission,hospitalization and death)are modeled,based on clinical *** new model is validated comparing its near-future forecast capabilities with other epidemiological models and exploring different scenario analyses.

关键词： Compartmental model COVID-19 Vaccination Virus variants Forecast Scenario analyses

Optimized numerical solutions of SIRDVW multiage model controlling SARS-CoV-2 vaccine roll out:An application to the Italian scenario

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 672-703页

作者： Giovanni Ziarelli Luca Dede’ Nicola Parolini Marco Verani alfio Quarteroni MOX Department of MathematicsPolitecnico di MilanoMilanItaly Institute of Mathematics Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland

In the context of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,mathematical modelling has played a funda-mental role for making forecasts,simulating scenarios and evaluating the impact of pre-ventive political,social and pharmaceutical *** control theory represents a useful mathematical tool to plan the vaccination campaign aimed at eradicating the pandemic as fast as *** aim of this work is to explore the optimal prioritisation order for planning vaccination campaigns able to achieve specific goals,as the reduction of the amount of infected,deceased and hospitalized in a given time frame,among age *** this purpose,we introduce an age stratified SIR-like epidemic compartmental model settled in an abstract framework for modelling two-doses vaccination campaigns and conceived with the description of COVID19 *** to other recent works,our model incorporates all stages of the COVID-19 disease,including death or recovery,without accounting for additional specific compartments that would increase computa-tional complexity and that are not relevant for our ***,we introduce an optimal control framework where the model is the state problem while the vaccine doses administered are the control *** extensive campaign of numerical tests,featured in the Italian scenario and calibrated on available data from Dipartimento di Protezione Civile Italiana,proves that the presented framework can be a valuable tool to support the planning of vaccination ***,in each considered scenario,our optimization framework guarantees noticeable improvements in terms of reducing deceased,infected or hospitalized individuals with respect to the baseline vaccination policy.

关键词： Optimal control Numerical analysis Vaccination campaign Age-stratified model SARS-CoV-2 COVID19 Italy

Wingless/It/β-catenin signaling in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer:A focus on biological mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第18期29卷 2764-2783页

作者： Federico Selvaggi Teresa catalano Rossano Lattanzio Roberto Cotellese Gitana Maria Aceto Department of Surgical ASL2 Lanciano-Vasto-ChietiOspedale Clinicizzato SS Annunziata of ChietiChieti 66100Italy Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of MessinaMessina 98125Italy Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine&Dentistry University“G.d’Annunzio”Chieti-PescaraChieti 66100Italy Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological SciencesUniversity“G.d’Annunzio”Chieti-PescaraChieti 66100Italy Villa Serena Foundation for Research Villa Serena-Del Dott.L.PetruzziCittàSant’Angelo 65013PescaraItaly Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Sciences“G.d’Annunzio”University of Chieti-PescaraChieti 66100Italy

The liver is the most common site of metastases in patients with colorectal *** liver metastases(CRLMs)are the result of molecular mechanisms that involve different cells of the liver *** aberrant activation of Wingless/It(Wnt)/β-catenin signals downstream of Wnt ligands initially drives the oncogenic transformation of the colon epithelium,but also the progression of metastatization through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymalepithelial transition *** liver microenvironment,metastatic cells can also survive and adapt through dormancy,which makes them less susceptible to pro-apoptotic signals and *** of CRLMs is challenging due to its variability and *** in surgery and oncology have been made in the last decade and a pivotal role for Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been recognized in *** the state of art,there is a lack of clear understanding of why and how this occurs and thus where exactly the opportunities for developing anti-CRLMs therapies may *** this review,current knowledge on the involvement of Wnt signaling in the development of CRLMs was *** addition,an overview of useful biomarkers with a revision of surgical and non-surgical therapies currently accepted in the clinical practice for colorectal liver metastasis patients were provided.

关键词： Wingless/It/β-catenin signaling Colorectal cancer Epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition Liver metastasis Markers Surgical and non-surgical therapies

Role of one-step nucleic acid amplification in colorectal cancer lymph node metastases detection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第30期28卷 4019-4043页

作者： Francesco Crafa Serafino Vanella Onofrio A catalano Kelsey L Pomykala Mario Baiamonte Division of General and Surgical Oncology St.Giuseppe Moscati HospitalCenter of National Excellence and High SpecialtyAvellino 83100Italy Department of Radiology Athinoula A.Martinos Center for Biomedical ImagingMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Department of Nuclear Medicine Department of Radiological SciencesDavid Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos AngelesUniversity Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssen 45141Germany

Current histopathological staging procedures in colorectal cancer(CRC)depend on midline division of the lymph nodes(LNs)with one section of hematoxylin and eosin *** cells outside this transection line may be missed,which could lead to understaging of Union for International Cancer Control Stage II high-risk *** one-step nucleic acid amplification(OSNA)assay has emerged as a rapid molecular diagnostic tool for LN metastases *** is a molecular technique that can analyze the entire LN tissue using a reversetranscriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification reaction to detect tumorspecific cytokeratin 19 *** findings suggest that the OSNA assay has a high diagnostic accuracy in detecting metastatic LNs in CRC and a high negative predictive *** is a standardized,observer-independent technique,which may lead to more accurate *** has been suggested that in stage II CRC,the upstaging can reach 25%and these patients can access postoperative adjuvant ***,intraoperative OSNA sentinel node evaluation may allow early CRC to be treated with organ-preserving surgery,while in more advanced-stage disease,a tailored lymphadenectomy can be performed considering the presence of aberrant lymphatic drainage and skip metastases.

关键词： Colorectal malignancies One-step nucleic acid amplification Diagnostic accuracy Negative predictive value Upstaging Organ-sparing surgery Tailored lymphadenectomy

Liquid biopsy in colorectal cancer:No longer young,but not yet old

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第15期28卷 1503-1507页

作者： Giandomenico Roviello Daniele Lavacchi Lorenzo Antonuzzo Martina catalano Enrico Mini Department of Health Sciences Section of Clinical Pharmacology and OncologyUniversity of FlorenceFirenze 50139Italy Clinical Oncology Unit AOU CareggiFirenze 50134Italy Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine University of FirenzeFirenze 50134Italy School of Human Health Sciences University of FlorenceFlorence 50134Italy

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** treatment strategy employed in CRC patients is becoming highly dependent on molecular characteristics present at diagnosis and during *** biopsy is an emerging field in the management of this cancer,and its relevance as a potential diagnostic,prognostic,monitoring,and therapeutic tool makes it a viable strategy in the clinical management of CRC *** biopsy also has certain limitations,but these limitations seem to be at the reach of near-future technological *** this letter,we focus on the clinical perspectives of liquid biopsy in CRC with particular regard to the various biomarkers recently identified that have been shown to be potentially useful in multiple aspects of early stage or metastatic CRC.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Diagnosis Prognosis Targeted therapy

Isogeometric Analysis of a Phase Field Model for Darcy Flows with Discontinuous Data

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 487-512页

作者： Luca DEDE alfio QUARTERONI Modeling and Scientific Computing Mathematics Department"F.Brioschi"Politecnico di MilanoP.zza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanoItaly Modeling and Scientific Computing Math-section of MathematicsEcole Polytechnique Federale de LausanneCH-1015Switzerland(Honorary Professor)

The authors consider a phase field model for Darcy flows with discontinuous data in porous media; specifically,they adopt the Hele-Shaw-Cahn-Hillard equations of[Lee,Lowengrub,Goodman,Physics of Fluids,2002] to model flows in the Hele-Shaw cell through a phase field formulation which incorporates discontinuities of physical data,namely density and viscosity,across interfaces. For the spatial approximation of the problem,the authors use NURBS—based isogeometric analysis in the framework of the Galerkin method,a computational framework which is particularly advantageous for the solution of high order partial differential equations and phase field problems which exhibit sharp but smooth interfaces. In this paper,the authors verify through numerical tests the sharp interface limit of the phase field model which in fact leads to an internal discontinuity interface problem; finally,they show the efficiency of isogeometric analysis for the numerical approximation of the model by solving a benchmark problem,the so-called"rising bubble" problem.

关键词：不连续模型流动 Galerkin 微分方程计算框架 NURBS 测试验证