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Insights into the hydrogen evolution reaction in vanadium redox flow batteries:A synchrotron radiation based X-ray imaging study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 132-144页

作者： Kerstin Köble alexey Ershov Kangjun Duan Monja Schilling Alexander Rampf Angelica Cecilia TomášFaragó Marcus Zuber Tilo Baumbach Roswitha Zeis Helmholtz Institute Ulm Karlsruhe Institute of Technology89081 UlmGermany Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Department of Electrical Electronicsand Communication EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S 3G8OntarioCanada

The parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in the negative half-cell of vanadium redox flow batteries(vRFBs)causes severe efficiency ***,a deeper understanding of this process and the accompanying bubble formation is *** benchmarking study locally analyzes the bubble distribution in thick,porous electrodes for the first time using deep learning-based image segmentation of synchrotron X-ray *** large three-dimensional data set was processed precisely in less than one minute while minimizing human errors and pointing out areas of increased HER activity in *** study systematically varies the electrode potential and material,concluding that more negative electrode potentials of-200 m v *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)and lower cause more substantial bubble formation,resulting in bubble fractions of around 15%–20%in carbon felt ***,the bubble fractions stay only around 2%in an electrode combining carbon felt and carbon *** detected areas with high HER activity,such as the border subregion with more than 30%bubble fraction in carbon felt electrodes,the cutting edges,and preferential spots in the electrode bulk,are potential-independent and suggest that larger electrodes with a higher bulk-to-border ratio might reduce HER-related performance *** described combination of electrochemical measurements,local X-ray microtomography,AI-based segmentation,and 3D morphometric analysis is a powerful and novel approach for local bubble analysis in three-dimensional porous electrodes,providing an essential toolkit for a broad community working on bubble-generating electrochemical systems.

关键词： vanadium redox flow battery Synchrotron X-ray imaging Tomography Hydrogen evolution reaction Gas bubbles Deep learning

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Artificial enhancement of sturgeon stock in freshwater reservoirs:A case study on sterlet Acipenser ruthenus of the Kama reservoir

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 287-294页

作者： Pavel B.Mikheev Semyon N.Kazarinov Alla G.Melnikova Stanislav v.Ponosov Nikolai G.Petrenko Andrei I.Nikiforov alexey Yu Puzik Olga N.Elchenkova Perm State National Research University Perm614990Russia Khabarovsk Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“KhabarovskNIRO” Khabarovsk680038Russia Perm Branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“PermNIRO” Perm614991Russia Federal State Budget Scientific Institution“Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography”“vNIRO” Moscow117454Russia Moscow State Institute of International Relations(University)of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Russia“MGIMO” Moscow117454Russia Department of State Control Supervision and Protection of Aquatic Biological Resources for Perm KraiMiddle-Volga Regional Office of the Federal Fishery AgencyPerm614990Russia

The paper presents the results of the sterlet sturgeon Acipenser ruthenus reintroduction into the Kama Reservoir(Perm Krai,Russia)by sterlet fry from hatcheries into the reservoir since *** effectiveness of hatchery releases was evaluated by monitoring gillnet sampling *** results showed that the species was reported throughout entire Kama Reservoir,which contrasts with 1988-1994 data,when the species was registered only at the upper part of the reservoir near the Kama River *** highest number and biomass values of catch per unit effort(CPUE)of the sterlet were found in submerged river channels-the deepest habitats with flow conditions which are close to the ecological requirements of the *** distribution of the sterlet within the channel biotopes of the reservoir is defined by reduced *** biggest individuals and the widest size range of the sterlet were typical for the upper area of the reservoir and Chusovskoy Bay,which have the greatest *** smallest sizes were typical for fish from catches near the dam of the reservoir,which is consistent with the published data on the distribution of sterlet in reservoir *** presented results may indicate the artificial formation of the sterlet stock in the Kama Reservoir maintained by hatchery *** revealed distribution of the sterlet in the reservoir determines the direction of further research on natural reproduction and thus formation of an artificially formed ***,future studies are required to assess the possibility of hybridization of the sterlet of artificial origin with natural populations of the species,since the low genetic diversity of the sterlet released into the Kama Reservoir which can lead to irreversible loss of genetic individuality of the natural stocks of the species in the catchment of upper course of the Kama River.

关键词： Sterlet Acipenser ruthenus Kama reservoir Hatchery releases CPUE Artificial stock formation

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Effect of biochar aging in agricultural soil on its wetting properties and surface structure

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1288-1304页

作者： Natalia Ivanova Gardoon Luqman Obaeed Obaeed Farid Sulkarnaev Natalya Buchkina alexey gubin Andrei Yurtaev Photonics and Microfluidics Lab X-BIO InstituteUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia International Integrated Research Lab for Climate Change Land Use and BiodiversityX-BIO InstituteUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia Department of Soil Physics Physical Chemistry and BiophysicsAgrophysical Research InstituteGrazhdansky Pr.14195220 St.PetersburgRussia X-BIO Institute University of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia Nanomaterials and Nanoelectronics Laboratory CNIEUniversity of Tyumen6 Volodarskogo625003 TyumenRussia

Biochar wettability and ability to accumulate moisture inside the porous space are crucial for improving soil fertility,regulating soil water balance,and regulating ***,a long-term interaction of biochar with agricultural soils may drastically alter the wetting properties and,eventually,influence water holding capacity and the structure of *** this work,the structure and wetting properties of biochar samples after 6-year long exposure to a sandy loam Spodosol with a crop rotation and mineral fertilizers application were *** was found that the elemental composition of the aged biochars was richer and more"soil-like",which is explained by the presence of the mineral crust on the biochar *** temporal evolution of biochar in the soil without any mineral fertilizer application resulted in significant improvement of its surface wettability due to the effects of various environmental *** lateral surface of biochar after 6-year interaction with the soil changes into a loose porous layer in a form of grooved base filled with adherent mineral soil and clay ***,the application of the mineral fertilizer to the soil resulted in decreased wettability of the biochar lateral surfaces due to a decrease in the polar component of surface energy and the crusting of the surface with fine material,which blocks the pore space of the *** a result,water capacity of the biochar from the treatment with the fertilizer decreased compared to the biochar samples collected from the soil without the fertilizer *** radial biochar surfaces of both types of samples collected from the soil were open vessels filled with soil particles that slow down complete wetting and water *** treatment of the biochar samples with surfactants drastically increased wettability of lateral surface and water absorption capacity of control samples as compared to the samples collected from the *** obtained results support the idea t

关键词： Light-textured Spodosol 6-year field experiment Biochar surface Wettability Water absorbing Soil capacity

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Quantum information and microscopic measuring instruments

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2020年第1期72卷 44-51页

作者： alexey v Melkikh Ural Federal University YekaterinburgRussia

The consideration of measuring instruments as macroscopic bodies leads to neglect of the microscopic processes that occur during *** disregard is not justified in general *** an example of measurements using microscopic instruments,the scattering of a photon by an electron with electron interference at two slits(Compton effect)was *** amount of information that can be obtained in such a process is inversely proportional to the wavelength of the incident *** large photon wavelengths(soft measurements),the pure state of the electron can be disrupted by an arbitrarily small extent;accordingly,the amount of information extracted in such an experiment is also arbitrarily *** is shown that the energy price for a bit obtained in such a measurement tends toward a constant value for increasing the photon *** instruments can be used in situations where energy costs for measurements are important.

关键词： measurement problem double-slit experiment von Neumann entropy decoherence compton effect

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Nonlinearity of Quantum Mechanics and Solution of the Problem of Wave Function Collapse

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2015年第7期64卷 47-53页

作者： alexey v.Melkikh Ural Federal University

The problem of the wave function collapse(a problem of measurement in quantum mechanics) is *** is shown that it can be solved based on quantum mechanics and does not require any additional assumptions or new theories. The particle creation and annihilation processes, which are described based on quantum field theory, play a key role in the measurement processes. Superposition principle is not valid for the system of equations of quantum field theory for particles and fields, because this system is a non-linear. As a result of the creation(annihilation) of a particle,an additional uncertainty arises, which "smears" the interference pattern. The imposition of such a large number of uncertainties in the repetitive measurements leads to the classical behavior of particles. The decoherence theory also implies the creation and annihilation of particles, and this processes are the consequence of non-linearity of quantum mechanics. In this case, the term "collapse of the wave function" becomes a consequence of the other statements of quantum mechanics instead of a separate postulate of quantum mechanics.

关键词： creation and annihilation of particles decoherence

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基于p阶线性模型的地埋管换热器流体温度分布研究

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太阳能学报 2024年第6期45卷 51-59页

作者：赵鹏张东海李晓昭张古彬寇亚飞高蓬辉中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室徐州221116 深地科学与工程云龙湖实验室徐州221006 中国矿业大学土木与力学学院徐州221116 河南省地质调查院郑州450001

利用自主研发的分层热响应测试系统,获取沿深度方向上(竖向)管内流体温度实测数据,对比p阶线性分布模型计算结果和实测数据,研究两种典型工况条件下分层岩土介质中管内流体竖向分布规律和最佳p值。结果表明:恒热流工况时,p=-5阶线性分... 详细信息

利用自主研发的分层热响应测试系统,获取沿深度方向上(竖向)管内流体温度实测数据,对比p阶线性分布模型计算结果和实测数据,研究两种典型工况条件下分层岩土介质中管内流体竖向分布规律和最佳p值。结果表明:恒热流工况时,p=-5阶线性分布模型能够准确预测管内流体温度分布;恒温工况时,最佳p值随流量的变化而变化,其关系为:|p|=7.361ln v+6.684。

关键词：地热能地埋管换热器岩土传热地质结构分层参数估值

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Nanoscopic imaging of oxidized graphene monolayer using tip-enhanced Raman scattering.

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Nano Research 2018年第12期11卷 6346-6359页

作者： Joseph M.Smolsky alexey v.Krasnoslobodtsev Department of Physics University of Nebraska at Omaha6001Dodge StreetOmaha NE 68182USA

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) can be used for the structural and chemical characterization of materials with a nanoscale resolution, and offers numerous advantages compared to other forms of imaging. We use TERS to track the local structural features of a CvD-grown graphene monolayer. Ag nanoparticles were added to AFM probes using ion-beam sputtering in order to make them TERS-active. Such modification provides probes with large factors of enhancement and good reproducibility. TERS measurements on graphene show an emergence of a defect-induced D-Raman band and a strain-induced shoulder of the graphene’s G-band. Comparison of TERS results with micro-Raman for oxidized graphene suggests that local oxidation occurs with the introduction of sp3 defects, under TERS conditions.

关键词： graphene Raman spectroscopy tip-enhanced Raman scattering graphene oxidation

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Asymmetry ratio as a parameter of Eu^3＋ local environment in phosphors

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第5期36卷 474-481页

作者： Ilya E. Kolesnikov alexey v. Povolotskiy Daria v. Mamonova Evgeny Yu. Kolesnikov alexey v. Kurochkin Erkki Lahderanta Mikhail D. Mikhailov Saint Petersburg State University 7/9 Universitetskaya nab. 199034 St.petersburg.Russia Lappeenranta University of Technology LUT Skinnarilankatu 34 53850 Lappeenranta Finland Scientific and Technological Institute of Optical Material Science VNTs S. I. Vavilov State Optical Institute Babushkina 36-1 192171 St. Petersburg Russia volga State University of Technology Lenin Sq. 3 424000 Yoshkar-Ola Russia

Study of the local environment of certain ion is quite a complex problem. Due to the unique luminescent properties, Eu^3＋ ions can be used as a structural probe. In this paper, effect of doping concentration,excitation wavelength and excitation mechanism on asymmetry ratio was systematically studied using Y3Al5O12：Eu^3＋, YvO4：Eu^3＋ and Y2O3：Eu^3＋nanophosphors. The asymmetry ratio gives information about the local surrounding and environmental changes around the Eu^3＋ ions. Asymmetry ratios of YAG：Eu^3＋and YvO4：Eu^3＋ nanopowders were calculated using standard technique and the obtained average values were found to be 0.75 and 8.2, respectively. However, it is found that standard method of asymmetry ratio calculation is suitable only for samples where all Eu^3＋ ions occupy one site. The ＂multisite model＂ of asymmetry ratio calculation was developed and used for Y2O3：Eu^3＋ nanocrystalline powders. Average value of asymmetry ratio for Eu^3＋ ions occupied ＂normal＂ sites is 6.0 and for Eu^3＋ ions occupied ＂defect＂sites is 2.3.

关键词： Eu3+ Oxide powders Luminescence Asymmetry ratio Structural probe Rare earths

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Effects of subsampling on characteristics of RNA-seq data from triple-negative breast cancer patients

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2015年第10期34卷 427-438页

作者： alexey Stupnikov Galina v Glazko Frank Emmert-Streib Computational Biology and Machine Learning Laboratory Faculty of MedicineHealth and Life SciencesSchool of MedicineDentistry and Biomedical SciencesCenter for Cancer Research and Cell BiologyQueen's University Belfast Division of Biomedical Informatics University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Computational Medicine and Statistical Learning Laboratory Department of Signal ProcessingTampere University of Technology

Background:Data from RNA-seq experiments provide a wealth of information about the transcriptome of an ***,the analysis of such data is very *** this study,we aimed to establish robust analysis procedures that can be used in clinical ***:We studied RNA-seq data from triple-negative breast cancer ***,we investigated the subsampling of RNA-seq ***:The main results of our investigations are as follows:(1) the subsampling of RNA-seq data gave biologically realistic simulations of sequencing experiments with smaller sequencing depth but not direct scaling of count matrices;(2) the saturation of results required an average sequencing depth larger than 32 million reads and an individual sequencing depth larger than 46 million reads;and(3) for an abrogated feature selection,higher moments of the distribution of all expressed genes had a higher sensitivity for signal detection than the corresponding mean ***:Our results reveal important characteristics of RNA-seq data that must be understood before one can apply such an approach to translational medicine.

关键词： RNA-seq data, Computational genomics, Statistical robustness, High-dimensional biology,Triple-negative breast cancer

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Uncertainty of Climate Response to Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings Due to Different Land Use Scenarios

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第5期28卷 1215-1232页

作者： alexey v.ELISEEv Igor I.MOKHOv A. M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences3 Pyzhevsky 119017 Moscow Russia

The *** Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Russian Academy of Sciences （IAP RAS） climate model （CM） of intermediate complexity is extended by a spatially explicit terrestrial carbon cycle *** experiments with the IAP RAS CM are performed forced by the reconstructions of anthropogenic and natural forcings for the 16th to the 20th centuries and by combined SRES （Special Report on Emission Scenarios） A2-LUH （Land Use Harmonization） anthropogenic scenarios for the 21st ***,the impact of uncertainty in land-use scenarios on results of simulations with a coupled climate-carbon cycle model is *** simulations of the model realistically reproduced historical changes in carbon cycle *** the IAP RAS CM,climate warming reproduced in the 20th and 21st centuries enhanced terrestrial net primary production but terrestrial carbon uptake was suppressed due to an overcompensating increase in soil *** year 2100,the simulations the model forced by different land use scenarios diverged markedly,by about 70 Pg （C） in terms of biomass and soil carbon stock but they differed only by about 10 ppmv in terms of atmospheric carbon dioxide content.

关键词： terrestrial carbon cycle climate model anthropogenic scenarios uncertainty in projections

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