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Upper Ocean Temperatures Hit Record High in 2020

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第4期38卷 523-530页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin ETRENBERTH John FASULLO Tim BOYER Ricardo LOCARNINI Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Michael EMANN Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETSKI Gengxin CHEN alexey MISHONOV Jim REAGAN Jiang ZHU International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China department of Meteorology&Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China ESSIC/CISESS-Md University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

The long-term warming of the ocean is a critical indicator of both the past and present state of the climate system. It also provides insights about the changes to come, owing to the persistence of both decadal variations and secular trends,which the ocean records extremely well(Hansen et al., 2011;IPCC, 2013;Rhein et al., 2013;Trenberth et al., 2016;Abram et al., 2019).

关键词： ocean Upper warming

Another Record: Ocean Warming Continues through 2021 despite La Nina Conditions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第3期39卷 373-385页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin ETRENBERTH John FASULLO Tim BOYER Michael EMANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Ricardo LOCARNINI Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Zhetao TAN Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETSKI Gengxin CHEN alexey MISHONOV Jim REAGAN International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307USA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA department of Meteorology&Atmospheric Science The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Marine data and Information Service Tianjin 300171China Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China ESSIC/CISESS-Md University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

The increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere from human activities traps heat within the climate system and increases ocean heat content(OHC). Here, we provide the first analysis of recent OHC changes through 2021 from two international groups. The world ocean, in 2021, was the hottest ever recorded by humans, and the 2021 annual OHC value is even higher than last year’s record value by 14 ± 11 ZJ(1 zetta J = 1021 J) using the IAP/CAS dataset and by16 ± 10 ZJ using NCEI/NOAA dataset. The long-term ocean warming is larger in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans than in other regions and is mainly attributed, via climate model simulations, to an increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. The year-to-year variation of OHC is primarily tied to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). In the seven maritime domains of the Indian, Tropical Atlantic, North Atlantic, Northwest Pacific, North Pacific, Southern oceans,and the Mediterranean Sea, robust warming is observed but with distinct inter-annual to decadal variability. Four out of seven domains showed record-high heat content in 2021. The anomalous global and regional ocean warming established in this study should be incorporated into climate risk assessments, adaptation, and mitigation.

关键词： La Nina ocean heat ocean warming attribution observation

More anxious than depressed:prevalence and correlates in a 15-nation study of anxiety disorders in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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General Psychiatry 2019年第4期32卷 197-205页

作者： Santosh K Chaturvedi Shayanth Manche Gowda Helal Uddin Ahmed Fahad d Alosaimi Nicola Andreone alexey Bobrov Viola Bulgari Giuseppe Carra Gianluca Castelnuovo Giovanni de Girolamo Tomasz Gondek Nikola Jovanovic Thummala Kamala Andrzej Ki Nebojsa Lalic dusica Lecic-Tosevski Fareed Minhas Victoria Mutiso david Ndetei Golam Rabbani Suntibenchakul Somruk Sathyanarayana Srikanta Rizwan Taj Umberto Valentini Olivera Vukovic Wolfgang Wolwer Larry Cimino Arie Nouwen Cathy Lloyd Norman Sartorius department of Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-SciencesBangaloreIndia Institute of Mental Health BelgradeSerbia Samatvam Endocrinology diabetes Center and Jnana Sanjeevini diabetes Hospital and Medical Center BangaloreIndia University of Lower Silesia WroclawPoland Center for Global Mental Health RawalpindiPakistan University of Nairobi NairobiKenya Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences IslamabadPakistan department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical FacultyUniversity of DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany ProConsult Owings MillsMarylandUSA 不详 Child Adolescent and Family Psychiatry National Institute of Mental HealthDhakaBangladesh department of Psychiatry King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore don Calabria NegrarItaly National Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology MoscowRussia IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di dio Fatebenefratelli BresciaItaly University of Milano-Bicocca BicoccaItaly department of Psychology Catholic UniversityMilanItaly department of Psychiatry Wroclaw Medical UniversityWroclawPoland

Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2dM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2dM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18-65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women;with mean (Sd) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%;however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted.

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus anxious depressed

Ultrasonic Transducers Calibration System with 3d Processing Augur 5.4

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Ultrasonic Transducers Calibration System with 3D Processing...

Novel materials for solid oxide fuel cells cathodes and oxygen separation membranes:Fundamentals of oxygen transport and performance

17th World Conference on Non-destructive Testing

作者： Andrey E.BAZULIN Evgeny G.BAZULIN dmitry S.TIKHONOV alexey Kh.VOPILKIN SPC"ECHO+" MoscowRussia

＜正＞This paper describes ultrasonic transducers calibration system AUGUR 5.4 developed in Scientific and Production Center ECHO+.AUGUR 5.4 is a new generation of calibration systems developed since *** system allows measuring or calculating most part of contact and immersion probes parameters which described in European Standard EN *** system feature is based on use of scanning device with two axes and single hemispherical test block（for contact probes）and small ball-type reflectors（for immersion probes）.Single measurement on hemispherical block with pulse-echo technique allows calculating of all pulse parameters（pulse shape,pulse spectrum,sensitivity）,probe index, beam axis offset,beam and squint angle,angles of *** principle of full 3d directivity pattern calculation（therefore beam and divergence angles in any plane）based on calculation of multiple-frequency holograms of"omnidirectional source"（FT-SAFT framework）.distance-amplitude curves could be calculated numerically with discrete model of probe’s crystal and set of flat bottom reflectors.

关键词： Probe verification Probe calibration FT-SAFT Ultrasonic transducer Ultrasonic testing Probe parameters

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 112-121页

作者： Vladislav A.Sadykov Ekaterina M.Sadovskaya Nikita F.Eremeev Elena Yu.Pikalova Nina M.Bogdanovich Elena A.Filonova Tamara A.Krieger Yulia E.Fedorova alexey V.Krasnov Pavel I.Skriabin Anton I.Lukashevich Robert Steinberger-Wilckens Izaak C.Vinke Federal Research Center Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS 630090 NovosibirskRussia Novosibirsk State University 630090 NovosibirskRussia Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry UB RAS 620137 YekaterinburgRussia Ural Federal University 620002 YekaterinburgRussia University of Birmingham EdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH 52425 JülichGermany

In the field of modern hydrogen energy,obtaining pure hydrogen and syngas and then being able to use them for green energy production are significant *** solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC)and catalytic membranes for oxygen separation as well as materials for these devices is one of the most likely ways to solve these *** this work,the authors’recent studies in this field are reviewed;the fundamentals of developing materials for SOFC cathodes and oxygen separation membranes’permselective layers based on research of their oxygen mobility and surface reactivity are ***-Popper phases Ln_(2-x)Ca_(x)NiO_(4+δ)(LnCNO)and perovskite-fluorite nanocomposites PrNi_(0.5)Co_(0.5)O_(3-δ)-Ce_(0.9)Y_(0.1)O_(2-δ)(PNC-YdC)were studied by isotope exchange of oxygen with C_(18)O_(2)and^(18)O_(2)in flow and closed *** LnCNO a high oxygen mobility was shown(d*~10^(-7)cm^(2)/s at 700℃),being provided by the cooperative mechanism of oxygen migration involving both regular and highly-mobile interstitial *** PNC-YdC dominated a wide fast diffusion channel via fluorite phase and interphases due to features of the redistribution of cations resulting in superior oxygen mobility(d*~10^(-8)cm^(2)/s at 700℃).After optimization of composition and nanodomain structure of these materials,as cathodes of SOFC they provided a high power density,while for asymmetric supported oxygen separation membranes-a high oxygen permeability.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cells Oxygen separation membranes Oxygen mobility Perovskites Nanocomposites Ruddlesden-Popper phases

The marriage of Xenes and hydrogels:Fundamentals,applications,and outlook

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The Innovation 2022年第6期3卷 52-66页

作者： Yong Kang Hanjie Zhang Liqun Chen Jinrui dong Bin Yao Xue Yuan duotian Qin alexey VYaremenko Chuang Liu Chan Feng Xiaoyuan Ji Wei Tao Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical CollegeTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Center for Nanomedicine and department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310016China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Nanotechnology for Cancer ImmunotherapyInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin 300192China

Hydrogels have blossomed as superstars in various fields,owing to their prospective applications in tissue engineering,soft electronics and sensors,flexible energy storage,and ***-dimensional(2d)nanomaterials,especially 2d mono-elemental nanosheets(Xenes)exhibit high aspect ratio morphology,good biocompatibility,metallic conductivity,and tunable electrochemical *** fascinating characteristics endow numerous tunable application-specific properties for the construction of Xene-based *** multifunctional hydrogels can be prepared according to the application requirements and can be effectively tuned by different stimulation to complete specific tasks in a spatiotemporal *** this review,the synthesis mechanism,properties,and emerging applications of Xene hydrogels are summarized,followed by a discussion on expanding the performance and application range of both hydrogels and Xenes.

关键词： properties hydrogel summarized

Photoinduced large polaron transport and dynamics in organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskite with terahertz probes

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1853-1864页

作者： Zuanming Jin Yan Peng Yuqing Fang Zhijiang Ye Zhiyuan Fan Zhilin Liu Xichang Bao Heng Gao Wei Ren Jing Wu Guohong Ma Qianli Chen Chao Zhang alexey VBalakin Alexander PShkurinov Yiming Zhu Songlin Zhuang Terahertz Technology Innovation Research Institute Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation CenterShanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical SystemUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266101China Physics department Materials Genome InstituteState Key Laboratory of Advanced Special SteelShanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature SuperconductorsInternational Centre of Quantum and Molecular StructuresShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesYutian Road 500ShanghaiChina department of Physics Shanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai200444China University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina School of Physics University of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia department of Physics and International Laser Center Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory 1Moscow19991Russia ILIT RAS-Branch of the FSRC《Crystallography and Photonics》RAS Svyatoozerskaya 1140700ShaturaMoscow RegionRussia

Organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites(MHPs)have attracted tremendous attention for optoelectronic *** long photocarrier lifetime and moderate carrier mobility have been proposed as results of the large polaron formation in ***,it is challenging to measure the effective mass and carrier scattering parameters of the photogenerated large polarons in the ultrafast carrier recombination ***,we show,in a one-step spectroscopic method,that the optical-pump and terahertz-electromagnetic probe(OPTP)technique allows us to access the nature of interplay of photoexcited unbound charge carriers and optical phonons in polycrystalline CH_(3)NH_(3)PbI_(3)(MAPbI_(3))of about 10μm grain ***,we demonstrate a direct spectral evidence of the large polarons in polycrystalline MAPbI_(3).Using the drude-Smith-Lorentz model along with the Frӧhlich-type electron-phonon(e-ph)coupling,we determine the effective mass and scattering parameters of photogenerated polaronic *** discover that the resulting moderate polaronic carrier mobility is mainly influenced by the enhanced carrier scattering,rather than the polaron mass ***,the formation of large polarons in MAPbI_(3)polycrystalline grains results in a long charge carrier lifetime at room *** results provide crucial information about the photo-physics of MAPbI3 and are indispensable for optoelectronic device development with better performance.

关键词： polaron perovskite inorganic

Assembly of Oligoglycine Layers on Mica Surface

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2011年第1期2卷 91-97页

作者： Svetlana V. Tsygankova Alexander A. Chinarev Alexander B. Tuzikov Ilya S. Zaitsev Nikolai Severin alexey A. Kalachev Jurgen P. Rabe Nicolai V. Bovin 不详

Assembly of [Gly7-NHCH2-]4C, [Gly7-NHCH2-]3C CH3 and [Gly4NH(CH2)5-]2 peptides on mica surface in aqueous so-lution was studied. The peptides are capable of forming atomically smooth (2.65-4.3 nm in height) layers assembled as polyglycine II. Monomers in the layers are situated normally to the surface. Formation of analogous flat 2d structures also takes place in solution but much more slowly than on mica surface, i.e. negatively charged surface plays an active role promoting the assembly.

关键词： Self-Assembling Oligoglycine Scanning Force Microscopy Monolayers

Comparison of Pentax HiLine and Olympus Lucera systems at screening colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第2期5卷 62-66页

作者： alexey Chernolesskiy david Swain James C Lee Gareth d Corbett Ewen AB Cameron department of Gastroenterology Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridge CB2 0QQUnited Kingdom

AIM:To compare the performance characteristics of Pentax HiLine(PHL)(with i-scan) and Olympus Lucera(OL) systems in a screening ***:Screening colonoscopies in asymptomatic guaiac faecal occult blood test-positive patients with PHL(n = 58) and OL(n = 425) colonoscopes were *** procedures were performed by a single *** used white-light endoscopy(WLE) on scope insertion and contrast/surface enhancement(i-scan 1) on withdrawal,and OL utilised WLE both on insertion and *** age,sex,instrument insertion and withdrawal times,nurse assessed patient comfort scores,midazolam and fentanyl doses,procedure completion and rates of lesion detection were recorded separately for each *** between the groups were made using either Fisher's exact test(for dichotomous variables) or Mann-Whitney U test(for ordinal and continuous variables).RESULTS:Colonoscopy completion rates were similar in both groups:413/425(97.2%) for OL and 55/58(94.9%) for PHL(P = 0.24).For complete colonoscopies,the two groups were well matched for age,sex,colonoscope insertion times(mean 11.1 min in OL vs 11.6 min in PHL,P = 0.93) and normal colonoscopy withdrawal times(mean 15.6 min in OL vs 14.7 min in PHL,P = 0.2).Patients in the PHL group experienced a small increase in discomfort(mean patient comfort scores were 0.49 in the OL and 0.95 in the PHL group,P doses required were similar between groups(mean 57.5 μg in OL vs 61.4 μg in PHL,P = 0.13),slightly more Midazolam was required in the PHL group(mean 2.1 mg in OL vs 2.4 mg in PHL,P = 0.035).There was no difference in polyp(58% in OL vs 67% in PHL) or adenoma(49% in OL vs 56% in PHL) detection rates between the *** the total number of polyps and adenomas,nor the characteristics of these(including size,location or presence of advanced features) were different between the two ***:This study suggests that there is no advantage of either colonoscop

关键词： Pentax HiLine i-scan Polyp Adenoma Colonoscopy