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Saliency-based framework for facial expression recognition

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第1期13卷 183-198页

作者： rizwan Ahmed KHAN alexandre MEYEr Hubert KONIK Saida BOUAKAZ Universite de Lyon CNRSLIRISUMR5205Universite Lyon 1Lyon F-69622France Faculty of Information Technology Barrett Hodgson UniversityKarachi 74900Pakistan Laboratoire Hubert Curien UMR5516Universite Jean MonnetSaint-Etienne 42000France

This article proposes a novel framework for the recognition of six universal facial *** framework is based on three sets of features extracted from a face image:entropy,brightness,and local binary ***, saliency maps are obtained using the state-of-the-art saliency detection algorithm "frequency-tuned salient region detection".The idea is to use saliency maps to determine appropriate weights or values for the extracted features (i.e.,brightness and entropy).We have performed a visual experiment to validate the performance of the saliency detection algorithm against the human visual *** movements of 15 subjects were recorded using an eye-tracker in free-viewing conditions while they watched a collection of 54 videos selected from the Cohn-Kanade facial expression *** results of the visual experiment demonstrated that the obtained saliency maps are consistent with the data on human ***,the performance of the proposed framework is demonstrated via satisfactory classification results achieved with the Cohn-Kanade database,FG-NET FEED database, and Dartmouth database of children's faces.

关键词： facial expression recognition classification salient regions entropy brightness local binary pattern

Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez George D.Bittner Dale r.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

Differentiating rhythmic high-amplitude delta with superimposed(poly)spikes from extreme delta brushes:limitations of standardized nomenclature and implications for patient management

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第8期20卷 764-773页

作者： rene Andrade-machado Elham Abushanab Namrata D.Patel Avantika Singh Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin Wauwatosa:Milwaukee 8915 W Connell CtMilwaukeeWI53226USA

Background Following the standardized nomenclature proposed by the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society(ACNS),rhythmic high-amplitude delta activity with superimposed spikes(rHADS)can be reported as an extreme delta brush(EDB).The clinical implications of similar electrographic patterns being reported as rHADS versus EDB are important to *** aim to review the electrographic characteristics of rHADS,evaluate whether rHADS is seen in other neurological disorders,and identify the similar and unique characteristics between rHADS and EDB to ultimately determine the most accurate way to differentiate and report these *** believe that the differentiation of rHADS and EDB is important as there is a vast difference in the diagnostic approach and the medical management of associated underlying *** source We conducted an extensive search on MEDLINE and Pubmed utilizing various combinations of *** for“gamma polymerase and EEG”,or“rHADS”or“Alpers syndrome and EEG”or“EEG”AND“Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome”.results Three articles were found to be focused on the description of“rHADS”pattern in Alpers *** publication to date were found when searching for the terms“EDB”AND“children”,AND“infant”AND“adolescent”excluding“encephalitis”and“neonate”.Although rHADS and EDB appear as similar EEG patterns,meticulous analysis can differentiate *** is not exclusive to patients with Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome and may manifest in regions beyond the posterior head *** to eye-opening and response to anesthesia can be two other elements that help in the differentiation of these *** rHADS is not exclusive to patients with AHS and may manifest in regions beyond the posterior head *** to eye-opening and response to anesthesia are features that help in the differentiation of these patterns.

关键词： Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome Autoimmune encephalitis Extreme delta brush Neurological disorder Polyspike rhythmic delta activity rhythmic high-amplitude delta activity Seizure

Transcranial direct current stimulation for auditory verbal hallucinations:a systematic review of clinical trials

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Neural regeneration research 2021年第4期16卷 666-671页

作者： Samaneh rashidi Myles Jones Eric Murillo-rodriguez Sergio machado Youguo Hao Ali Yadollahpour Department of Medical Physics School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Psychology University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas Escuela de Medicina División Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Anáhuac MayabMéridaYucatánMéxico Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate ProgramSalgado de Oliveira UniversityNiteróiBrazil Department of rehabilitation Shanghai Putuo People’s HospitalShanghaiChina

Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been reportedly beneficial for different neurodegenerative *** has been reported as a potential adjunctive or alternative treatment for auditory verbal hallucination(AVH).This study aims to review the effects of tDCS on AVH in patients with schizophrenia through combining the evidence from randomized clinical trials(rCTs).The databases of PsycINFO(2000–2019),PubMed(2000–2019),EMBASE(2000–2019),CINAHL(2000–2019),Web of Science(2000–2019),and Scopus(2000–2019)were systematically *** clinical trials with rCT design were selected for final analysis.A total of nine rCTs were eligible and included in the *** rCTs were included in the final *** them,six rCTs reported a significant reduction of AVH after repeated sessions of tDCS,whereas three rCTs did not show any advantage of active tDCS over sham *** current studies showed an overall decrease of approximately 28%of AVH after active tDCS and 10%after sham *** tDCS protocols targeting the sensorimotor frontal-parietal network showed greater treatment effects compared with the protocols targeting other *** this regard,cathodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area showed inhibitory effects on *** most effective tDCS protocol on AVHs was twice-daily sessions(2 mA,20-minute duration)over 5 consecutive days(10 sessions)with the anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the left temporal *** patient-specific and diseasespecific factors such as young age,nonsmoking status,and higher frequencies of AVHs seemed to be the predictors of treatment *** together,the results of tDCS as an alternative treatment option for AVH show controversy among current literatures,since not all studies were ***,the studies targeting the same site of the brain showed that the tDCS could be a promising treatment option to reduce *** rCTs,with larger sample sizes,should be con

关键词： auditory verbal hallucinations dorsolateral prefrontal cortex effective protocol randomized clinical trial,schizophrenia temporoparietal area transcranial direct current stimulation treatment efficacy

Learning to synthesize:robust phase retrieval at low photon counts

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1657-1672页

作者： Mo Deng Shuai Li alexandre Goy Iksung Kang George Barbastathis Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Sensebrain Technology Limited LLC 2550 N 1st StreetSuite 300San JoseCA 95131USA Omnisens SA Riond Bosson 31110 MorgesVDSwitzerland Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Singapore-MIT Alliance for research and Technology(SMArT)Centre Singapore 117543Singapore

The quality of inverse problem solutions obtained through deep learning is limited by the nature of the priors learned from examples presented during the training *** in the case of quantitative phase retrieval,spatial frequencies that are underrepresented in the training database,most often at the high band,tend to be suppressed in the *** hoc solutions have been proposed,such as pre-amplifying the high spatial frequencies in the examples;however,while that strategy improves the resolution,it also leads to high-frequency artefacts,as well as low-frequency distortions in the ***,we present a new approach that learns separately how to handle the two frequency bands,low and high,and learns how to synthesize these two bands into full-band *** show that this“learning to synthesize”(LS)method yields phase reconstructions of high spatial resolution and without artefacts and that it is resilient to high-noise conditions,e.g.,in the case of very low photon *** addition to the problem of quantitative phase retrieval,the LS method is applicable,in principle,to any inverse problem where the forward operator treats different frequency bands unevenly,i.e.,is ill-posed.

关键词： synthesize bands phase

Specification of dynamic structure discrete event systems using single point encapsulated control functions

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2014年第3期5卷 171-190页

作者： alexandre Muzy Bernard P.Zeigler I3S UMr CNrS 7271 Bio-info team CS 40121—06903 Sophia-Antipolis CedexFrance rTSync Corp 530 Bartow Drive Suite A Sierra Vista AZ 85635United States of America

In Discrete Event System Specification(DEVS),the dynamics of a network is constituted only by the dynamics of its basic *** state of each component is fully *** in the network is fully decentralized to each *** dynamic structure level,DEVS should permit the same level of ***,it is hard to ensure structure consistency while letting all components achieve structure ***,this solution can be complex to *** avoid these difficulties,usual dynamic structure approaches ensure structure consistency allowing structure changes to be done only by the network having newly added dynamics change *** is a safe and simple way to achieve dynamic ***,it should be possible to simply allow components of a network to modify the structure of their network,other components and/or their own structure—without having to modify the usual definition a DEVS *** this manuscript,it is shown that a simple fully decentralized approach is possible while ensuring full modularity and structure consistency.

关键词： Dynamic structure discrete event system specification

Light management with quantum nanostructured dots-in-host semiconductors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第12期10卷 2399-2407页

作者： M.alexandre H.Águas E.Fortunato r.Martins M.J.Mendes i3N/CENIMAT Department of Materials ScienceFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa and CEMOP/UNINOVACampus de Caparica2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Insightful knowledge on quantum nanostructured materials is paramount to engineer and exploit their vast gamut of ***,a formalism based on the single-band effective mass equation was developed to determine the light absorption of colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)embedded in a wider bandgap semiconductor host,employing only three parameters(dots/host potential barrier,effective mass,and QD size).It was ascertained how to tune such parameters to design the energy level structure and consequent optical *** findings show that the CQD size has the biggest effect on the number and energy of the confined levels,while the potential barrier causes a linear shift of their *** smaller QDs allow wider energetic separation between levels(as desired for most quantumbased technologies),the larger dots with higher number of levels are those that exhibit the strongest ***,it was unprecedently shown that such quantum-enabled absorption coefficients can reach the levels(10^(4)–10^(5) cm^(−1))of bulk semiconductors.

关键词： quantum dots absorption

Application of light detection and ranging and ultrasonic sensors to high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture: current status and challenges

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Horticulture research 2018年第1期5卷 480-490页

作者： AndréF.Colaço JoséP.Molin Joan r.rosell-Polo alexandre Escolà Biosystems Engineering Department “Luiz de Queiroz”College of AgricultureUniversity of São PauloAv.Pádua Dias11Piracicaba-SP13418-900Brazil research Group on AgroICT and Precision Agriculture Department of Agricultural and Forest EngineeringSchool of Agrifood and Forestry Science and EngineeringUniversity of Lleida–Agrotecnio CenterAv.Rovira Roure19125198LleidaCataloniaSpain CSIrO Waite CampusLocked Bag 2Glen OsmondSA5064Australia

Ultrasonic and light detection and ranging(LiDAr)sensors have been some of the most deeply investigated sensing technologies within the scope of digital *** can accurately estimate geometrical and structural parameters of the tree canopies providing input information for high-throughput phenotyping and precision horticulture.A review was conducted in order to describe how these technologies evolved and identify the main investigated topics,applications,and key points for future investigations in horticulture *** research efforts have been focused on the development of data acquisition systems,data processing,and high-resolution 3D modeling to derive structural tree parameters such as canopy volume and leaf *** applications of such sensors for precision horticulture were restricted to real-time variable-rate solutions where ultrasonic or LiDAr sensors were tested to adjust plant protection product or fertilizer dose rates according to the tree volume *** studies exploring other applications in site-specific management are encouraged;some that integrates canopy sensing data with other sources of information collected at the within-grove scale(e.g.,digital elevation models,soil type maps,historical yield maps,etc.).Highly accurate 3D tree models derived from LiDAr scanning demonstrate their great potential for tree ***,the technology has not been widely adopted by researchers to evaluate the performance of new plant varieties or the outcomes from different management *** solutions for tree scanning of whole groves,orchards,and nurseries would promote such adoption and facilitate more applied research in plant phenotyping and precision horticulture.

关键词： culture LiDAr maps

Implicit Sampling,with Application to Data Assimilation

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2013年第1期34卷 89-98页

作者： alexandre J.CHOrIN Matthias MOrZFELD Xuemin TU Department of Mathematics University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Department of Mathematics University of Kansas

There are many computational tasks, in which it is necessary to sample a given probability density function （or pdf for short）, i.e., to use a computer to construct a sequence of independent random vectors x~ （i ---- 1, 2, ~ ~ ~ ）, whose histogram converges to the given pdf. This can be difficult because the sample space can be huge, and more importantly, because the portion of the space, where the density is significant, can be very small, so that one may miss it by an ill-designed sampling scheme. Indeed, Markov- chain Monte Carlo, the most widely used sampling scheme, can be thought of as a search algorithm, where one starts at an arbitrary point and one advances step-by-step towards the high probability region of the space. This can be expensive, in particular because one is typically interested in independent samples, while the chain has a memory. The authors present an alternative, in which samples are found by solving an algebraic equation with a random right-hand side rather than by following a chain; each sample is independent of the previous samples. The construction in the context of numerical integration is explained, and then it is applied to data assimilation.

关键词： Importance sampling Bayesian estimation Particle filter Implicit filter Data assimilation