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Circle of life:the common hamster(Cricetus cricetus)adaptations to the urban environment

Integrative Zoology 2019年第4期14卷 383-395页

作者： Alexey V.sUROV Elena A.ZAYTsEVA Alexandr V.KUPTsOV Elena A.KATZMAN Pavel L.BOGOMOLOV alexandra s.sayan Ekaterina V.POTAsHNIKOVA Nikolay N.TOVPINETZ Ekaterina V.KUZNETsOVA Alexey Y.TsELLARIUs Natalia Y.FEOKTIsTOVA severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Centre of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Crimea and in the Municipal City sevastopol SimferopolRussia

Traditionally,urbanization has been seen as a negative phenomenon for ***,changes in the environmental parameters induced by urbanization might be favorable for some *** the past half-century,the common hamster has actively populated cities,establishing populations in some European,Russian and Kazakhstan *** on integrative methods,we investigated free-range common hamsters inhabiting simferopol from 2015 to 2018 to reveal possible adaptations to the urbanized environment across several parameters,including lifespan,hibernation period,reproductive activity and body *** show that in urban areas,the common hamster demonstrates an extremely short hibernation period compared to other localities,possibly due to enhanced food resources from urban forestry(walnuts,locus and hazelnut),allowing the species to start breeding very early(February)and finish as late as *** present the first evidence of polyandry for this species:mating of receptive females with several males and subsequent confirmation of multiple *** high reproductive potential,the lifespan of the common hamster in urban conditions is generally very short(less than 1 year).We speculate that in the process of synurbization,the common hamster’s innate plasticity across many life history traits permits it to successfully colonize throughout a wide range of habitats,with the ability to form novel adaptations to urban environments.

关键词： body mass hibernation lifespan multiple paternity synurbization

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small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos J.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska Matthias schwab alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALs)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALs),most cases are considered sporadic(sALs).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

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Fever without source in infants aged 22–60 days:how laboratory tests perform at identifying bacterial infections and predicting the need for a lumbar puncture?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 74-77页

作者： Keven Vachon Geneviève Gravel samuel Leduc alexandra Larouche Myriam Mallet David simonyan Mahukpe Narcisse Ulrich singbo Julie Ouellet-Pelletier simon Berthelot Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval Population Health and Optimal Health Practices AxisQuébec G1V 4G2Canada Faculty of Medicine UniversitéLavalQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Centre Hospitalier de l’UniversitéLaval(CHUL) Québec G1V 4G2Canada

Febrile infants are at greater risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBI),which include bacterial meningitis and *** bacterial meningitis is uncommon,^([1-2])it remains a concern for clinicians treating infants younger than 90 *** for investigating fever without a source(meaning without an apparent source of infection,or of nonobvious origin) are numerous around the world but remain conflicting,particularly on whether to perform a lumbar puncture for cerebrospinal fluid (CsF) analysis in infants older than 22 d and hence at lower risk than younger infants.

关键词： puncture infections lumbar

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纽约首座“被动式建筑”学校市中心高密度开发的典范

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商业周刊(中文版) 2025年第3期 36-39页

作者： alexandra Lange 程奎(翻译) 不详

在城市中建造学校,向来是一项极具挑战性的任务。不同于拥有广阔用地的郊区学校,城市学校必须在有限的空间内,巧妙地平衡休闲区域与课堂教学的需求,既要确保学生能够高效地在校园内流动,拥有足够的活动空间,又要兼顾敞开怀抱的校门与安... 详细信息

在城市中建造学校,向来是一项极具挑战性的任务。不同于拥有广阔用地的郊区学校,城市学校必须在有限的空间内,巧妙地平衡休闲区域与课堂教学的需求,既要确保学生能够高效地在校园内流动,拥有足够的活动空间,又要兼顾敞开怀抱的校门与安全设施。

关键词：安全设施课堂教学市中心校园内挑战性

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精疲力竭的父母需要更好的公共空间

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商业周刊(中文版) 2025年第2期 38-40页

作者： alexandra Lange 程玺(译) 不详

生儿育女从来都不容易。而近期,美国医务总监(Us surgeon General)宣称养育子女的重担已然引发一场公共卫生危机,这再度掀起了有关家庭如何挣脱无休止的期望枷锁的讨论热潮。鲜少被提及的-点是,住房、交通以及公共空间在物理设计层面的... 详细信息

生儿育女从来都不容易。而近期,美国医务总监(Us surgeon General)宣称养育子女的重担已然引发一场公共卫生危机,这再度掀起了有关家庭如何挣脱无休止的期望枷锁的讨论热潮。鲜少被提及的-点是,住房、交通以及公共空间在物理设计层面的弊端,导致通勤时长增加、公共游乐场地缩减、儿童活动受阻,令曰常生活愈发艰难。

关键词：公共卫生危机公共空间儿童活动养育子女游乐场

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Assistive Robotics for Upper Limb Physical Rehabilitation:A systematic Review and Future Prospects

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 50-73页

作者： Andrés Guatibonza Leonardo solaque alexandra Velasco Lina Peñuela Department of Engineering Mechatronics EngineeringMilitar Nueva Granada UniversityBogotá1101111Colombia

Physical assistive robotics are oriented to support and improve functional capacities of *** physical rehabilitation,robots are indeed useful for functional recovery of affected ***,there are still open questions related to technological *** work presents a systematic review of upper limb rehabilitation robotics in order to analyze and establish technological challenges and future directions in this area.A bibliometric analysis was performed for the systematic literature *** from the last six years,conducted between August 2020 and May 2021,was *** methodology for the literature search and a bibliometric analysis of the metadata are *** a preliminary search resulted in 820 articles,a total of 66 articles were included.A concurrency network and bibliographic analysis were *** an analysis of occurrences,taxonomy,and rehabilitation robotics reported in the literature is *** review aims to provide to the scientific community an overview of the state of the art in assistive robotics for upper limb physical *** literature analysis allows access to a gap of unexplored options to define the technological prospects applied to upper limb physical rehabilitation robotics.

关键词： Upper limb Rehabilitation Assistive robotics Human-machine interaction Robotic systems Virtual reality Rehabilitation monitoring

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Pressure-induced structural changes cause large enhancement of photoluminescence in halide perovskites: a quantitative relationship

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National science Review 2021年第9期8卷 13-14页

作者： alexandra Navrotsky Center for Materials of the Universe Arizona State University

Halide perovskites containing both organic and inorganic cations are receiving extensive attention for their promising optoelectronic properties, including photoluminescence (PL)[1,2]. Tuning these properties for specific applications and designing and synthesizing perovskites with optimized properties are major goals of materials science. These goals will be achieved faster and more economically by harnessing a fundamental understanding of structure–property relations, rather than by random searches for better materials. Chemical composition,temperature and pressure are the major‘knobs’ one can turn to adjust properties such as conductivity and bandgap[1,3]. Each of these variables has the potential to change interatomic distances,

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Limited tree richness effects on herb layer composition,richness and productivity in experimental forest stands

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 190-200页

作者： Markus s.Germany Helge Bruelheide alexandra Erfmeier Institute for Ecosystem Research GeobotanyKiel UniversityOlshausenstr.7524118 KielGermany Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle-WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106120 HalleGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany

Aims In forests,the herbaceous understory vegetation plays an important role for ecosystem functioning as it represents a significant component of total aboveground *** addition,the herb layer contributes to overall forest species richness and controls tree species *** versa,trees in the overstory control understory herb and shrub growth through competition for *** an experimental forest plantation with manipulated tree richness,we asked to which degree tree species richness and identity affect herb layer composition,richness and productivity and how these relationships across strata change with abiotic environmental conditions and competition *** In the context of the Biodiversity-Ecosystem Functioning project in subtropical China(BEF-China),we made use of the integrated BEFmod experiment arranged along a tree species richness gradient at two sites,with additional subplot treatments of phosphorus addition,herb layer weeding and no *** recorded the understory vegetation and determined herb layer biomass production on a total of 201 *** Findings We found only minor effects of tree layer richness on herb layer species composition and no significant effect on herb layer richness or productivity ***,there were strong tree layer identity effects on all response variables,which were partly explained by differences in leaf area index and by a high share of woody species both in total herb layer species richness and *** were strong treatment effects,which were largest in the‘no weeding’treatment but we did not find any treatment×tree layer richness interaction in herb layer ***,these effects are mainly explained by increased competition intensity within the herb layer in the absence of *** the young age of the experiment,the interactions between tree species identity,tree richness and the herb layer did already emerge and can be expected to become stronger with

关键词： experimental research platform of BEF-China functional biodiversity research forest understory biomass Jiangxi Province

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Modeling size-number Distributions of seeds for Use in soil Bank studies

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第5期50卷 531-535页

作者： Hugo Casco alexandra soveral Dias Luís silva Dias Chemical Ecology Unit Centre of Ecology and EnvironmentUniversidade de vora7002-554 vora Portugal

Knowledge of soil seed banks is essential to understand the dynamics of plant populations and communities and would greatly benefit from the integration of existing knowledge on ecological correlations of seed size and shape. The present study aims to establish a feasible and meaningful method to describe size-number distributions of seeds in multi-species situations. For that purpose, size-number distributions of seeds with known length, width and thickness were determined by sequential sieving. The most appropriate combination of sieves and seeds dimensions was established, and the adequacy of the power function and the Weibull model to describe size-number distributions of spherical, non-spherical, and all seeds was investigated. We found that the geometric mean of seed length, width and thickness was the most adequate size estimator, providing shape-independent measures of seeds volume directly related to sieves mesh side, and that both the power function and the Weibull model provide high quality descriptions of size-number distributions of spherical, non-spherical, and all seeds. We also found that, in spite of its slightly lower accuracy, the power function is, at this stage, a more trustworthy model to characterize size-number distributions of seeds in soil banks because in some Weibull equations the estimates of the scale parameter were not acceptable.

关键词： accuracy power function seeds shape seeds size size-number distributions Weibull model.

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“Pachyostosis” in aquatic amniotes: a review

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第4期4卷 325-340页

作者： alexandra HOUssAYE Department of Earth History Museum of Natural HistoryParisFrance

During the course of amniote evolution,numerous taxa secondarily adapted to an aquatic *** appears that many of these taxa primitively display“pachyostosis,”an osseous specialization characterized by an increase in bone compactness and/or *** term“pachyostosis”is used in morphological and histological descriptions to describe what in fact corresponds to different *** aim of this paper is to present the current state of knowledge relative to this adaptation among aquatic *** the taxa that have returned to an aquatic environ-ment are ***,their degree of adaptation to the marine environment,their life environment,and the nature of their“pachyostotic”pattern,when present,are *** inventory enables the evaluation of the current quality of the data relative to this specialization and provides an indication of the work that remains to be *** functional consequences of“pachyostosis,”and notably its importance for buoyancy control in the context of hydrostatic regulation of the body trim,are discussed and opposed to the requirement of improved swimming abilities in the case of a hydrodynamic mode of trim *** are posed about the significa-tion of the polymorphism displayed by this specialization between different taxa,different specimens of the same taxon and different bones of the same specimen,and the problem of quantification of pachyostosis is discussed.

关键词： buoyancy control life environment locomotion “pachyostosis”sensu lato polymorphism.

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