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Why ‘the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau’ is a myth

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National Science Review 2021年第1期8卷 156-174页

作者： Robert A.Spicer Tao Su Paul J.valdes alexander Farnsworth Fei-Xiang Wu Gongle Shi Teresa E.v.Spicer Zhekun Zhou CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Plant Ecology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem Sciences The Open University School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol Key Laboratory of vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and PaleoenvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences

The often-used phrase ‘the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau’ implies a flat-surfaced Tibet rose as a coherent entity, and that uplift was driven entirely by the collision and northward movement of India. Here, we argue that these are misconceptions derived in large part from simplistic geodynamic and climate modeling, as well as proxy misinterpretation. The growth of Tibet was a complex process involving mostly Mesozoic collisions of several Gondwanan terranes with Asia, thickening the crust and generating complex relief before the arrival of India. In this review, Earth system modeling, paleoaltimetry proxies and fossil finds contribute to a new synthetic view of the topographic evolution of Tibet. A notable feature overlooked in previous models of plateau formation was the persistence through much of the Cenozoic of a wide east–west orientated deep central valley, and the formation of a plateau occurred only in the late Neogene through compression and internal sedimentation.

关键词： Tibet paleoaltimetry paleogeography paleontology Himalaya

Hepatocellular carcinoma with child Pugh-A Cirrhosis treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第12期9卷 256-263页

作者： Shaakir Hasan Ngoc Thai Tadahiro Uemura vijay Kudithipudi Paul Renz Stephen Abel alexander v Kirichenko Division of Radiation Oncology Allegheny General Hospital Cancer Institute Division of Transplant Surgery Allegheny General Hospital Cancer Institute

AIM To evaluate the control, survival, and hepatic function for Child Pugh(CP)-A patients after Stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS From 2009 to 2016, 40 patients with Barcelona Liver Clinic(BCLC) stages 0-B HCC and CP-A cirrhosis completed liver SBRT. The mean prescription dose was 45 Gy(40 to 50 Gy in 4-5 fractions). Local relapse, defined as recurrence within the planning target volume was assessed with intravenous multiphase contrast computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging every 4-6 mo after completion of SBRT. Progression of cirrhosis was evaluated by CP and Model for End Stage Liver Disease scores every 3-4 mo. Toxicities were graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(v4.03). Median follow-up was 24 *** Forty-nine HCC lesions among 40 patients were analyzed in this IRB approved retrospective study. Median tumor diameter was 3.5 cm(1.5-8.9 cm). Six patients with tumors ≥ 5 cm completed planned selected transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) in combination with SBRT. Eight patients underwent orthotropic live transplant(OLT) with SBRT as a bridging treatment(median time to transplant was 12 mo, range 5 to 23 mo). The Pathologic complete response(PCR) rate in this group was 62.5%. The 2-year in-field local control was 98%(1 failure). Intrahepatic control was 82% and 62% at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Overall survival(OS) was 92% and 60% at 1 and 2 years, with a median survival of 41 mo per Kaplan Meier analysis. At 1 and 2 years, 71% and 61% of patients retained CPA status. Of the patients with intrahepatic failures, 58% developed progressive cirrhosis, compared to 27% with controlled disease(P = 0.06). Survival specific to hepatic failure was 92%, 81%, and 69% at 12, 18, and 24 mo. There was no grade 3 or higher toxicity. On univariate analysis, gross tumor volume(GTv) vival(P = 0.02), and tr

关键词： Stereotactic body radiotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Child-Pugh A Cirrhosis Hepatoma Local control Radiotherapy Radiation

Probiotics and autoprobiotics for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第20期11卷 4740-4751页

作者： Natalia v Baryshnikova Anastasia S Ilina Elena I Ermolenko Yury P Uspenskiy alexander N Suvorov Department of Molecular Microbiology Institute of Experimental MedicineSt.Petersburg 197376Russia Internal Diseases Department of Stomatological Faculty Pavlov First St-Petersburg State Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 197022Russia Laboratory of Medical and Social Pediatric Problems St-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 194100Russia Clinical Department Institute of Experimental MedicineSt.Petersburg 197376Russia Department of Faculty Therapy Named After v.A.valdman St-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversitySt.Petersburg 194100Russia

The article discusses various approaches for probiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori(***)infection:Probiotics as an adjuvant treatment in the standard eradication therapy;probiotic strains as a monotherapy;and autoprobiotics as a *** refer to indigenous bifidobacteria,lactobacilli,or enterococci isolated from a specific individual,intended to restore his/her microbiota and improve his/her *** potential mechanisms of probiotic action against *** include correction of the gut microbiota,immunological effects(enhancement of humoral and cellular immunity,and reduction of oxidative stress),direct antagonistic effects against ***(such as colonization resistance and bacteriocin synthesis),and stimulation of local immunological protection(strengthening of the mucous protective barrier and reduction of gastric mucosa inflammation).The incorporation of probiotics into comprehensive eradication therapy shows promise in optimizing the treatment of *** *** can enhance the eradication rates of ***,reduce the occurrence and severity of side effects,and improve patient *** or autoprobiotic monotherapy can be considered as an alternative treatment approach in cases of allergic reactions and insufficient effectiveness of *** recommend including probiotics as adjunctive medications in *** ***,further randomized multicenter studies are necessary to investigate the effects of probiotics and autoprobiotics against ***,in order to gain a better understanding of their mechanisms of action.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Probiotic Autoprobiotic Eradication Microbiota Gut Immunity

Experimental Confirmation of the Doubts about Authenticity of Event GW150914

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2017年第2期5卷 538-550页

作者： alexander v. Lukanenkov Moscow State Linguistic University Moscow Russia

It was produced processing of the LIGO 14.09.2015 registration data. It was established that the chirp signals (signals of merger of black holes) are absent in the data. This is proved by using a coherent filtering and also two-stage causal filtering. Soliton-like signals such as wavelet “Mexican hat” are found by filtering based on the Butterworth filter. These signals are different in polarity, and their spectra are quite different. Doubts about the authenticity of the detection of chirp signals, which announced on February 11, 2016, are justified by the results the conducted analysis.

关键词： Gravitational Waves Optimal Detector Linear Frequency Modulated Signal Chirp Signal Band Pass Filtering Matched Filter Optimal Signal Processing Causal Filter

Oxygen and Carbon Isotope Composition in Primary Carbonatites of the World: Data Summary and Linear Trends

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Open Journal of Geology 2019年第8期9卷 424-439页

作者： alexander v. Bolonin Central Geological Research Institute for Nonferrous and Precious Metals (TSNIGRI) Moscow Russia

The article contains the results of statistical processing of a large summary of δ18О-δ13С isotope values in the primary carbonatites of the world. From literary sources, 1593 paired values δ18О-δ13С from 173 carbonatite occurrences of the world were collected. This report exceeds all previously published reports on С-О isotopes in carbonatites by quantity of the used values and carbonatite occurrences. Statistical data analysis is performed on diagrams in the coordinates δ18О (‰, v-SMOW) - δ13С (‰, v-PDv). For each carbonatite occurrence, not only the arithmetic mean values are calculated, but also the regression line. Distinct linear trend of δ18О-δ13С values is found in half of the carbonatite occurrences. The starting, middle, and ending points of the trend line are determined. The slope of the trend line (angular coefficient) varies over a wide range. The trend is dominated by an average angular coefficient of 0.30 (positive correlation δ18О-δ13С). In the literature, it is associated with the Rayleigh high-temperature fractionation of carbonatite melts or with their sedimentary contamination. Half of the carbonatite occurrences do not show a linear trend of δ18О-δ13С values, probably due to the combined action of multidirectional trends. The initial ratio 87Sr/86Sr in the used carbonatite occurrences varies from 0.701 to 0.708. Statistics show no correlation of 87Sr/86Sr with the δ18О-δ13С system.

关键词： Carbonatite Occurrences Oxygen Carbon and Strontium Isotopes Linear Trends

Enhancing the graphene photocurrent using surface plasmons and a p-n junction

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 793-802页

作者： Di Wang Andres E.Llacsahuanga Allcca Ting-Fung Chung alexander v.Kildishev Yong P.Chen Alexandra Boltasseva vladimir M.Shalaev School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute(PQSEI) Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

The recently proposed concept of graphene photodetectors offers remarkable properties such as unprecedented compactness,ultrabroadband detection,and an ultrafast response ***,owing to the low optical absorption of pristine monolayer graphene,the intrinsically low responsivity of graphene photodetectors significantly hinders the development of practical *** address this issue,numerous efforts have thus far been made to enhance the light–graphene interaction using plasmonic *** approaches,however,can be significantly advanced by leveraging the other critical aspect of graphene photoresponsivity enhancement-electrical junction *** has been reported that the dominant photocarrier generation mechanism in graphene is the photothermoelectric(PTE)***,the two energy conversion mechanisms involved in the graphene photodetection process are light-to-heat and heat-to-electricity *** this work,we propose a meticulously designed device architecture to simultaneously enhance the two conversion ***,a gap plasmon structure is used to absorb a major portion of the incident light to induce localized heating,and a pair of split gates is used to produce a p-n junction in graphene to augment the PTE current *** gap plasmon structure and the split gates are designed to share common key components so that the proposed device architecture concurrently realizes both optical and electrical *** experimentally demonstrate the dominance of the PTE effect in graphene photocurrent generation and observe a 25-fold increase in the generated photocurrent compared to the un-enhanced *** further photocurrent enhancement can be achieved by applying a DC bias,the proposed device concept shows vast potential for practical applications.

关键词： electrical plasmon hinder

Application Concept of Zero Method Measurement in Microwave Radiometers

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Modern Instrumentation 2015年第3期4卷 19-31页

作者： alexander v. Filatov Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio Engineering Tomsk Russia

This article examined in detail microwave radiometer functioning algorithm with synchronously using of the two types of pulse modulation: amplitude pulse modulation and pulse-width modulation. This allows a zero-radiometer measurement method to realize when the fluctuation effect of the receiver gain and the influence of its own noise changes are minimized. A zero balance automatically maintains in radiometer. The antenna signal is indirectly determined through the signal duration that controls the pulse-width modulation. An analytical expression of the fluctuation sensitivity was obtained in a general form. From its analysis gain in sensitivity, conditions were defined by the optimizing of the radiometer input knot’s construction. Three modifications of the radiometer input knot were researched. Fluctuation sensitivity at different measurement range was determined for modification of the radiometer input knot.

关键词： Microwave Radiometer Null Method of Measurement Fluctuation Sensitivity

Photoluminescence of Ag-In-S/ZnS quantum dots: Excitation energy dependence and low-energy electronic structure

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Nano Research 2019年第7期12卷 1595-1603页

作者： Irina v. Martynenko Anvar S. Baimuratov Florian Weigert Jose X. Soares Lorena Dhamo Philip Nickl Ilona Doerfel Jutta Pauli Ivan D. Rukhlenko alexander v. Baranov Ute Resch-Genger Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) Unter den Eichen 8712205 BerlinGermany ITMO University 49 Kronverksky Pr.St. Petersburg197101Russia University of Porto Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira2284050-313 PortoPortugal Institute of Photonics and Optical Sciences (IPOS) School of PhysicsThe University of SydneyCamperdown 2006NSWAustralia

Cd-free Ⅰ-Ⅲ-Ⅵ group semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) like Ag-ln-S and Cu-ln-S show unstructured absorption spectra with a pronounced Urbach tail,rendering the determination of their band gap energy (Eg) and the energy structure of the exciton ***,the origin of the broad photoluminescence (PL) band with lifetimes of several hundred nanoseconds is still *** encouraged us to study the excitation energy dependence (EED) of the PL maxima,PL spectral band widths,quantum yields (QYs),and decay kinetics of AlS/ZnS QDs of j different size,composition,and surface capping *** results were then correlated with the second derivatives of the corresponding absorption *** excellent match between the onset of changes in PL band position and spectral width with the minima found for the second derivatives of the absorption spectra underlines the potential of the EED approach for deriving Eg values of these ternary QDs from PL *** PL QY is,however,independent of excitation energy in the energy range *** the EED of the PL features of the AlS/ZnS QDs we could also derive a mechanism of the formation of the low-energy electronic *** was additionally confirmed by a comparison of the EED of PL data of as-synthesized and size-selected QD ensembles and the comparison of these PL data with PL spectra of single *** results indicate a strong contribution of intrinsic inhomogeneous PL broadening to the overall emission features of AlS/ZnS QDs originating from radiative transitions from a set of energy states of defects localized at different positions within the quantum dot volume,in addition to contributions from dimensional and chemical *** mechanism was confirmed by numerically modelling the absorption and PL energies with a simple mass approximation for spherical QDs and a modified donor-acceptor model,thereby utilizing the advantages of previously proposed PL mechanisms of ternary *** findings will

关键词： core/shell quantum dot silver indium sulfide defect photoluminescence photoluminescence quantum yield single-dot spectroscopy

Post-Procedure Mortality after Cardiovascular Treatment Procedures in Patients with Pneumoconiosis

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2015年第1期3卷 10-16页

作者： alexander v. Sergeev Department of Social and Public Health Ohio University Athens Ohio USA

Pneumoconiosis (PNC) is a major occupational disease that develops as a result of occupational exposure to dust via inhalation. In addition to its harmful effects on the respiratory system, PNC can increase vulnerability to coronary heart disease (CHD)—the leading cause of death in the United States and in the world. Currently, two types of cardiovascular intervention procedures for CHD treatment are percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The objective of this study was to investigate comparative effectiveness of the two major cardiovascular intervention procedures—PCI and CABG—in PNC patients with CHD. Data from 1094 hospitalizations of adult patients with PNC and CHD (CHD-PNC patients) and 534,120 hospi-talizations of CHD patients without PNC (CHD-nonPNC) were investigated. Adjusted odds ratios for in-hospital death in relation to the type of procedure, adjusted for patient socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and hospital characteristics, were calculated using multivariable logistic regression. Men constituted 97.8% of CHD-PNC patients and 68.6% of CHD-nonPNC patients. Within the CHD-PNC group, crude (unadjusted) in-hospital mortality after CABG and PCI did not differ significantly (1.35% vs. 2.00%, p = 0.425) and remained insignificant in the multivariable analysis, adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics (adjusted OR = 0.714, 95% CI 0.220 - 2.323, p = 0.576). But in the CHD-nonPNC group, in-hospital mortality after CABG was significantly higher than after PCI both in crude analysis (2.83% vs. 1.28%,

关键词： Occupational Lung Disease Pneumoconiosis Complications Cardiovascular Disease Cardiovascular Treatment Procedures Mortality