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Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi christian J.cyron Roland c.Aydin Martin Ritter Institute for continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

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Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： alexander A Fokin Joanna Wycech Knight Madison E Tharp Kyler c Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher Justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and critical care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and critical care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States charles E Schmidt college of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim college of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BAcKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic *** of contrast blush(cB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast *** This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GcS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and *** study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without cB and abdominal *** score matching was implemented in comparison *** PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had cB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GcS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar cB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pc *** of 89 patients with cB,45(51%)were *** propensity matching,patients with cB compared to without cB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries contrast blush contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma External and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

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A new look at the first dinosaur discovered in Antarctica:reappraisal of Antarctopelta oliveroi(Ankylosauria:Parankylosauria)

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 78-107页

作者： Sergio SOTO AcUÑA alexander OVARGAS Jonatan KALUZA Red Paleontológica U-chile Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ChileÑuñoa 7800003Chile Escuela de Geología Facultad de CienciasIngeniería y TecnologíaUniversidad MayorProvidenciaSantiago 7500994Chile Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Universidad MaimónidesBuenos Aires C1405Argentina consejo Nacional de Investigaciones científicas y Técnicas(cONIcET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina

The first dinosaur discovered in the Antarctic continent was the ankylosaur Antarctopelta oliveroi in the ***,since then several hypotheses of phylogenetical relationships have been proposed because these have been depended on how the skeletal remains have been *** main obstacle for clarifying its phylogenetic position is that many portions of the skeleton remain unknown,in addition to the presence of unknown characters in typical *** an ankylosaurid,nodosaurid,or even a chimaera,a recent proposal based on mostly complete material of a new ankylosaur from chilean Patagonia provided support for a novel phylogenetic hypothesis:Antarctopelta and other southern ankylosaurs are an early branching clade,the Parankylosauria,whose origin probably dates to the Late *** the light of this new view,a redescription of the available skeletal remains is provided together with a new reconstruction of the first Antarctic dinosaur known to the science community.

关键词： Antarctic Peninsula Biogeographic Weddellian Province Parankylosauria Antarctopelta

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Peculiarities of Ethylene Polymerization Reactions with Bis(imino)pyridyl complexes of cocl_(2) and Fecl_(2)

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chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 492-500页

作者： Laura A.Rishina Yury V.Kissin Svetlana S.Lalayan Artem A.Antonov Vadim G.Krasheninnikov alexander A.Gulin N.N.Semenov Federal Research center for chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences4 Kosygin St.Moscow119991Russia Department of chemistry and chemical Biology RutgersThe State University of New Jersey123 Bevier Rd.PiscatawayNJ08854USA Boreskov Institute of catalysis Russian Academy of Sciences5 Lavrentieva Prosp.Novosibirsk630090Russia

The article describes ethylene polymerization reactions with transition metal catalysts based on complexes of cocl_(2) and Fecl_(2) with an N,N,N-tridentate ligand 2,6-bis[1-(2,6-dimethylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine. The complexes are converted into polymerization catalysts by reacting them either with polymethylalumoxane (MAO) or with a combination of Al(c2H5)2cl and Mg(c4H9)2 at an [Al]:[Mg] ratio of ~3. Both MAO-activated complexes readily polymerize ethylene at 35 ℃ with the formation of linear, low molecular weight polymers with a narrow molecular weight distribution. The same complexes, when activated with the Al(c2H5)2cl-Mg(c4H9)2 combination, form multi-center catalysts and generate polyethylenes with a broad molecular weight distribution.

关键词： Ethylene polymerization Bis(imino)pyridyl complexes of cocl_(2)and Fecl_(2) Molecular-weight distribution Polymer chain structure

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Life Origin in the Milky Way Galaxy: II. Scanning for Habitable Stellar Systems on Behalf of Future Space Missions

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 681-692页

作者： alexander N. Safronov Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The possibility of the life origin in the stellar systems, located at a distance of ~200 pc from the solar system, was investigated. The stars, in the spectrums of which c (carbon), O (oxygen), N (nitrogen), and P (phosphorus) are found, are called DNA-stars. Based on stellar abundances a new method for searching for habitable exoplanets has been developed and a list of 48 DNA-stars in the solar neighborhood, on which life is possible, has been defined. The quota of DNA-stars is equal 1.3% of the total amount of Hypatia Stellar catalog. Only three DNA-stars out of selected 48 stars belong to the spectral class as our Sun (G2V). The closest to the solar system is the DNA-star with the number HIP 15510, which belongs to the G8V class and is 6 pc away from the solar system. Nine DNA-stars, which have the highest chemical similarity with solar spectrum, were identified. It is identified that one of these nine stars, HIP 24681, has six planets.

关键词： Interstellar Mission Stellar Abundance Habitability Hypatia Stellar catalog DNA-Star

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Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： Morten S.Hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss caroline M.Gorvin Morten Frost alexander Rauch Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark clinical cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research(IMSR)and centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors(cOMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast *** were differentiated from cD14+monocytes from eight female *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(c5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating c5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

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Self-powered UVc detectors based on α-Ga_(2)O_(3) with enchanted speed performance

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第8期45卷 74-80页

作者： Aleksei Almaev alexander Tsymbalov Bogdan Kushnarev Vladimir Nikolaev Alexei Pechnikov Mikhail Scheglov Andrei chikiryaka Laboratory of Metal Oxide Semiconductors Research and Development Center for Advanced Technologies in MicroelectronicsNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Fokon LLc Kaluga 248035Russia Department of Semiconductor Electronics and Physics of Semiconductors National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscow 119049Russia Perfect crystals LLc Saint Petersburg 194223Russia

Detectors were developed for detecting irradiation in the short-wavelength ultraviolet(UVc)interval using high-quality single-crystallineα-Ga_(2)O_(3) films with Pt interdigital *** films ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3) were grown on planar sapphire substrates with c-plane orientation using halide vapor phase *** spectral dependencies of the photo to dark current ratio,responsivity,external quantum efficiency and detectivity of the structures were investigated in the wavelength interval of 200−370 *** maximum of photo to dark current ratio,responsivity,external quantum efficiency,and detectivity of the structures were 1.16×10^(4) ***.,30.6 A/W,1.65×10^(4)%,and 6.95×10^(15) Hz^(0.5)·cm/W at a wavelength of 230 nm and an applied voltage of 1 *** high values of photoelectric properties were due to the internal enhancement of the photoresponse associated with strong hole ***α-Ga_(2)O_(3) film-based UVc detectors can function in self-powered operation mode due to the built-in electric field at the Pt/α-Ga_(2)O_(3) *** a wavelength of 254 nm and zero applied voltage,the structures exhibit a responsivity of 0.13 mA/W and an external quantum efficiency of 6.2×10^(−2)%.The UVc detectors based on theα-Ga_(2)O_(3) films demonstrate high-speed performance with a rise time of 18 ms in self-powered mode.

关键词： HVPE gallium oxide solar-blind ultraviolet detector self-powered mode

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A system-on-chip microwave photonic processor solves dynamic RF interference in real time with picosecond latency

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang Joshua c.Lederman Thomas Ferreira de Lima Jiawei Zhang Simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson alexander Tait Bhavin J.Shastri Paul R.Prucnal Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEc Laboratories America Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physics Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequency interference is a growing concern as wireless technology advances,with potentially life-threatening consequences like interference between radar altimeters and 5 G cellular *** transceivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing challenges for conventional digital signal processing(DSP)due to its high *** challenges will worsen as future wireless technologies adopt higher carrier frequencies and data ***,conventional DSPs,already on the brink of their clock frequency limit,are expected to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduces a photonic processor to address dynamic interference through blind source separation(BSS).Our system-on-chip processor employs a fully integrated photonic signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of received mixtures and recovering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduction in latency surpasses electronic counterparts by more than three orders of *** complement the photonic processor,electronic peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effectiveness of demixing and continuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** compact setup features precise dithering weight control,impedance-controlled circuit board and optical fibre packaging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the processor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two scenarios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silicon photonics,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showcasing practical operational applications for photonic processing.

关键词： processor mixing dynamic

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The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan c.Mcleod Brad S.currier caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.Phillips Department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review

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Deformable microlaser force sensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1196-1209页

作者： Eleni Dalaka Joseph SHill Jonathan H.H.Booth Anna Popczyk Stefan R.Pulver Malte c.Gather Marcel Schubert centre of Biophotonics SUPASchool of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsUK Humboldt centre for Nano-and Biophotonics Department of ChemistryUniversity of CologneKölnGermany School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of St AndrewsSt Mary’s QuadSouth StreetSt AndrewsUK Institute for Bioengineering of catalonia BarcelonaSpain

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cellular behavior and function,affecting many fundamental biological processes such as cell migration,embryogenesis,immunological responses,and pathological *** force sensors and imaging techniques have been developed to quantify these otherwise invisible forces in single cells and in ***,current techniques rely heavily on high-resolution microscopy and do not allow interrogation of optically dense tissue,reducing their application to 2D cell cultures and highly transparent biological ***,we introduce DEFORM,deformable microlaser force sensing,a spectroscopic technique that detects sub-nanonewton forces with unprecedented spatio-temporal *** is based on the spectral analysis of laser emission from dye-doped oil microdroplets and uses the force-induced lifting of laser mode degeneracy in these droplets to detect nanometer *** validation by atomic force microscopy and development of a model that links changes in laser spectrum to applied force,DEFORM is used to measure forces in 3D and at depths of hundreds of microns within tumor spheroids and late-stage Drosophila *** furthermore show continuous force sensing with single-cell spatial and millisecond temporal resolution,thus paving the way for non-invasive studies of biomechanical forces in advanced stages of embryogenesis,tissue remodeling,and tumor invasion.

关键词： invasion otherwise hundreds

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