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Compartmentalized immune responses and the local microbiota determine mucosal and systemic immunity against SARS-CoV-2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 130-132页

作者： Jonas Buttenschön Stefan vogt Jochen Mattner Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie Immunologie und HygieneUniversitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-Universität(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen FAU Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany.

The clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection,which is the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,are highly variable and range from asymptomatic carriage or mild symptoms to severe disease involving different organ ***,the specific factors influencing individual clinical outcomes remain ***,to characterize the versatile interplay of mucosal and systemic immune responses with the local microbiome and the viral load,as well as its impact on the course of the disease,Smith et *** integrated analyses of nasopharyngeal swabs and plasma samples from COVID-19 patients with varying degrees of illness *** observed that spike-specific neutralizing antibodies were heterogeneous between paired plasma samples and nasopharyngeal swabs from individual SARS-CoV-2 patients,suggesting a tissuedependent regulation of humoral immune responses.

关键词： immunity mucosal clinical

Ex vivo limb perfusion for traumatic amputation in military medicine

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Military Medical Research 2020年第4期7卷 489-496页

作者： alexander Kaltenborn Nicco Krezdorn Sebastian Hoffmann AndréGutcke Kirsten Haastert-Talini Peter M.vogt Axel Haverich Bettina Wiegmann Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery PlasticHand and Reconstructive SurgeryArmed Forces Hospital WesterstedeWesterstedeGermany Department of Plastic AestheticHand and Reconstructive SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology Hannover Medical SchoolHannover and Center for Systems Neuroscience(ZSN)WesterstedeGermany Department of Cardiothoracic Transplantation and Vascular SurgeryHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Background:Limb loss has a drastic impact on a patient’s *** trauma to the extremities is common in current military *** other aspects,"life before limb"damage control surgery hinders immediate replantation within the short post-traumatic timeframe,which is limited in part by the ischemic time for successful *** vivo limb perfusion is currently being researched in animal models and shows promising results for its application in human limb replantation and *** of the hypothesis:The current lack of replantation possibilities in military operations with high rates of amputation can be addressed with the development of a portable ex vivo limb perfusion device,as there are several opportunities present with the introduction of this technique on the *** hypothesize that ex vivo limb perfusion will enable overcoming the critical ischemic time,provide surgical opportunities such as preparation of the stump and limb,allow for spare-part surgery,enable rigorous antibiotic treatment of the limb,reduce ischemiareperfusion injuries,enable a tissue function assessment before replantation,and enable the development of large limb transplant *** the hypothesis:Data from in vivo studies in porcine models are limited by the relatively short perfusion time of 24 *** the military setting,notably longer perfusion times need to be ***,future animal studies must focus especially on long-term perfusion,since this represents the military setting,considering the time for stabilization of the patient until evacuation to a tertiary treatment *** of the hypothesis:The development and clinical introduction of ex vivo limb perfusion in the military setting could lead to a drastic reduction in the number of limb amputations among service *** vivo limb perfusion enables replantation surgery in Role 4 facilities and changes the clinical setting from a highly urgent,lifethreatening s

关键词： Ex vivo limb perfusion traumatic amputation ischemia and reperfusion-related injuries hypothesis

Autoencoder-based anomaly root cause analysis for wind turbines

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 57-65页

作者： Cyriana M.A.Roelofs Marc-alexander Lutz Stefan Faulstich Stephan vogt Fraunhofer IEE Konigstor 59Kassel 34119Germany Intelligent Embedded Systems Universitat KasselWilhelmshoher Allee 67Kassel 34121Germany

A popular method to detect anomalous behaviour or specific failures in wind turbine sensor data uses a specific type of neural network called an *** models have proven to be very successful in detecting such deviations,yet cannot show the underlying cause or failure *** information is necessary for the implementation of these models in the planning of maintenance *** this paper we introduce a novel method:*** use ARCANA to identify the possible root causes of anomalies detected by an *** describes the process of reconstruction as an optimisation problem that aims to remove anomalous properties from an anomaly *** reconstruction must be similar to the anomaly and thus identify only a few,but highly explanatory anomalous features,in the sense of Ockham’s *** proposed method is applied on an open data set of wind turbine sensor data,where an artificial error was added onto the wind speed sensor measurements to acquire a controlled test *** results are compared with the reconstruction errors of the autoencoder *** ARCANA method points out the wind speed sensor correctly with a significantly higher feature importance than the other features,whereas using the non-optimised reconstruction error does *** though the deviation in one specific input feature is very large,the reconstruction error of many other features is large as well,complicating the interpretation of the detected ***,we apply ARCANA to a set of offshore wind turbine *** case studies are discussed,demonstrating the technical relevance of ARCANA.

关键词： Anomaly detection Autoencoder Root cause analysis Predictive maintenance Wind turbine Explainable artificial intelligence

Ephrin-B reverse signaling induces expression of wound healing associated genes in IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第29期11卷 4511-4518页

作者： Christian Hafner Stefanie Meyer Ilja Hagen Bernd Becker alexander Roesch Michael Landthaler Thomas vogt Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Regensburg Regensburg D-93042 Germany

AIM: Eph receptors and ephrin ligands play a pivotal role in development and tissue maintenance. Since previous data have indicated an involvement of ephrin-B2 in epithelial healing, we investigated the gene expression and downstream signaling pathways induced by ephrin-B mediated cell-cell signaling in intestinal epithelial ***: Upon stimulation of ephrin-B pathways in IFC-6 cells with recombinant rat EphB1-Fc, gene expression was analyzed by Affymetrix(R) rat genome 230 high density arrays at different time points. Differentially expressed genes were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, MAP kinase pathways and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation downstream of ephrin-B were investigated by immunoblotting and fluorescence ***: Stimulation of the ephrin-B reverse signaling pathway in IEC-6 cells induces predominant expression of genes known to be involved into wound healing/cell migration, antiapoptotic pathways, host defense and inflammation. Cox-2, c-Fos, Egr-1, Egr-2, and MCP-1 were found among the most significantly regulated ***, we show that the expression of repairrelated genes is also accompanied by activation of the ERK1/2 MAP kinase pathway and FAK, two key regulators of epithelial ***: Stimulation of the ephrin-B reverse signaling pathway induces a phenotype characterized by upregulation of repair-related genes, which may partially be mediated by ERK1/2 pathways.

关键词：信号反应 IEC-6 肠内上皮细胞伤口愈合基因表达

Ephrin-B2 is differentially expressed in the intestinal epithelium in Crohn's disease and contributes to accelerated epithelial wound healing in vitro

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第26期11卷 4024-4031页

作者： Christian Hafner Stefanie Meyer Thomas Langmann Gerd Schmitz Frauke Bataille Ilja Hagen Bernd Becker alexander Roesch Gerhard Rogler Michael Landthaler Thomas vogt Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Regensburg D-93042 Regensburg Germany Department of Clinical Chemistry University Hospital of Regensburg D-93042 Regensburg Germany Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Regensburg D-93042 Regensburg Germany Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of Regensburg D-93042 Regensburg Germany

AIM: Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their membrane bound receptor-like ligands, the ephrins, represent a bi-directional cell-cell contact signaling system that directs epithelial movements in development. The meaning of this system in the adult human gut is unknown. We investigated the Eph/ephrin mRNA expression in the intestinal epithelium of healthy controls and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).METHODS: mRNA expression profiles of all Eph/ephrin family members in normal small intestine and colon were established by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, differential expression in IBD was investigated by cDNA array technology, and validated by both real-time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Potential effects of enhanced EphB/ephrin-B signaling were analyzed in an in vitro IEC-6 cell scratch wound ***: Human adult intestinal mucosa exhibits a complex pattern of Eph receptors and ephrins. Beside the known prominent co-expression of EphA2 and ephrinA1,we found abundantly co-expressed EphB2 and ephrin-B1/***, cDNA array data, validated by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, showed upregulation of ephrin-B2 in both perilesional and lesional intestinal epithelial cells of IBD patients, suggesting a role in epithelial homeostasis. Stimulation of ephrin-B signaling in ephrinB1/2 expressing rat IEC-6-cells with recombinant EphB1Fc resulted in a significant dose-dependent acceleration of wound closure. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy showed that EphB1-Fc induced coordinated migration of wound edge cells is associated with enhanced formation of lamellipodial protrusions into the wound, increased actin stress fiber assembly and production of laminin at the wound ***: EphB/ephrin-B signaling might represent a novel protective mechanism that promotes intestinal epithelial wound healing, with potential impact on epithelial restitution in IBD.

关键词：肠内上皮细胞克罗恩病肠炎上皮伤口康复治疗

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AF4通道技术表征病毒样颗粒

生命科学仪器 2010年第4期8卷 10-12页

作者： Rainer LANG Lorenz vogt alexander ZüRCHER Gerhard WINTER Intervet International. GmbH UntershleissheimGermany Biopharmaceutics Ludwig-Maximilians-University Butenandtstr 581377 Munich. Germany

病毒样颗粒(VLP)是一种越来越受到广泛关注的抗体疫苗。为了对其进行质量控制,采用灵敏的分析方法非常重要。这项研究阐述了将非对称流分离(AF4)方法开发用于VLP研究。结果表明,AF4在研究VLP表达方面具有很大的潜力,超过了通常使用的动... 详细信息

病毒样颗粒(VLP)是一种越来越受到广泛关注的抗体疫苗。为了对其进行质量控制,采用灵敏的分析方法非常重要。这项研究阐述了将非对称流分离(AF4)方法开发用于VLP研究。结果表明,AF4在研究VLP表达方面具有很大的潜力,超过了通常使用的动态光散射和尺寸排阻高效液相色谱法。

关键词：病毒样颗粒通道技术高效液相色谱法表征动态光散射质量控制流分离非对称