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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2422-2439页

作者： Zohreh Alijani Julien Meloche alexander McLaren John Lindsay Alexandre roy Aaron Berg Department of Geography Environment and GeomaticsUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada Département de Géomatique Appliquée Université de SherbrookeSherbrookeCanada Département des Sciences de l’Environment Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresTrois-RivièresCanada

Surface roughness plays an important role in microwave remote *** the agricultural domain,surface roughness is crucial for soil moisture retrieval methods that use electromagnetic surface scattering or microwave radiative transfer ***,improved characterization of Soil Surface Roughness(SSR)is of considerable *** this study,three approaches,including a standard pin profiler,a LiDAR point cloud generated from an iPhone 12 Pro,and a Structure from Motion(SfM)photogrammetric point cloud,were applied over 24 surface profiles with different roughness variations to measure surface *** objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of smartphone-based LiDAR technology to measure surface roughness parameters and compare the results of this technique with the more common *** showed that the iPhone LiDAR technology,when point cloud data is captured in a fine-resolution mode,has a significant correlation with SfM photogrammetry(R2=0.70)and a relatively close agreement with pin profiler(R2=0.60).However,this accuracy tends to be greater for random surfaces and rough profiles with row structure *** results of this study confirm that smartphone-based LiDAR can be used as a cost-effective,fast,and time-efficient alternative tool for measuring surface roughness,especially for rough,wide,and inaccessible areas.

关键词： LiDAR surface roughness structure from motion iPhone pin profiler

Search for H I emission from superdisk candidates associated with radio galaxies

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第6期19卷 71-78页

作者： Abhijeet Anand Nirupam roy Gopal-Krishna Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 D-85741 Garching Germany Department of Physics Indian Institute of Science Bangalore - 560012 India Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES) Manora Peak Nainital - 263129 India Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie Auf dem Hugel 69 53121 Bonn Germany

Giant gaseous layers(termed “superdisks”) have been hypothesized in the past to account for the strip-like radio emission gap(or straight-edged central brightness depression) observed between twin radio lobes, in over a dozen relatively nearby powerful Fanaroff-Riley Class II radio galaxies. They could also provide a plausible alternative explanation for a range of observations. Although a number of explanations have been proposed for the origin of the superdisks, little is known about their material content. Some X-ray observations of superdisk candidates indicate the presence of hot gas, but a cool dusty medium also seems to be common. If they are entirely or partly composed of neutral gas, then it may be directly detectable and we report here a first attempt to detect/image any neutral hydrogen gas present in the superdisks that are inferred to be present in four nearby radio galaxies. We have not found a positive H I signal in any of the four sources, resulting in tight upper limits on the H I number density in the postulated superdisks,estimated directly from the central rms noise values of the final radio continuum subtracted image. The estimated ranges of the upper limit on neutral hydrogen number density and column density are 10^-4-10^-3 atoms per cm3 and 10^19-10^20 atoms per cm^2, respectively. No positive H I signal is detected even after combining all the four available H I images(with inverse variance weighting). This clearly rules out an H I dominated superdisk as a viable model to explain these structures, however, the possibility of a superdisk being composed of warm/hot gas still remains open.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:general galaxies:structure radio lines:galaxies

Full-spin-wave-scaled stochastic micromagnetism for mesh-independent simulations of ferromagnetic resonance and reversal

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 315-323页

作者： Harald Oezelt Luman Qu alexander Kovacs Johann Fischbacher Markus Gusenbauer Roman Beigelbeck Dirk Praetorius Masao Yano Tetsuya Shoji Akira Kato roy Chantrell Michael Winklhofer Gergely T.Zimanyi Thomas Schrefl Department for Integrated Sensor Systems Danube University Krems2700Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Physics University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA Christian Doppler Laboratory for Magnet design through physics informed machine learning 2700Wiener NeustadtAustria Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing Vienna University of Technology1040WienAustria Toyota Motor Corp. Toyota City471-8572Japan Department of Physics University of YorkYorkYO105DDUK Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences IBU Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg26129OldenburgGermany

In this paper,we address the problem that standard stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert(sLLG)simulations typically produce results that show unphysical mesh-size *** root cause of this problem is that the effects of spin-wave fluctuations are ignored in *** propose to represent the effect of these fluctuations by a full-spin-wave-scaled stochastic LLG,or FUSSS LLG *** FUSSS LLG,the intrinsic parameters of the sLLG simulations are first scaled by scaling factors that integrate out the spin-wave fluctuations up to the mesh size,and the sLLG simulation is then performed with these scaled *** developed FUSSS LLG by studying the Ferromagnetic Resonance(FMR)in Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B *** nominal scaling greatly reduced the mesh size dependence relative to *** then performed three tests and validations of our FUSSS LLG with this modified scaling.(1)We studied the same FMR but with magnetostatic fields included.(2)We simulated the total magnetization of the Nd_(2)Fe_(14)B cube.(3)We studied the effective,temperature-and sweeping rate-dependent coercive field of the *** all three cases,we found that FUSSS LLG delivered essentially mesh-size-independent results,which tracked the theoretical expectations better than unscaled *** by these successful validations,we propose that FUSSS LLG provides marked,qualitative progress towards accurate,high precision modeling of micromagnetics in hard,permanent magnets.

关键词： stochastic wave scaling

Characterization of CdZnTeSe Nuclear Detector Chemically Etched in Bromine Methanol

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2021年第8期12卷 363-373页

作者： Ezekiel O. Agbalagba Mebougna L. Drabo Stephen U. Egarievwe Utpal N. roy Amir H. Davis Mordecai B. Israel Parion L. alexander Ralph B. James Department of Physics Federal University of Petroleum Resources Effurun Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Alabama A&M University Huntsville USA Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science Center Alabama A&M University Huntsville USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of South Alabama Mobile USA Department of Nonproliferation and National Security Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton USA Science and Technology Directorate Savannah River National Laboratory Aiken USA Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford USA Biological and Environmental Sciences Department Alabama A&M University Huntsville USA

Semiconductor nuclear radiation detectors made from tertiary and quaternary compounds of cadmium telluride (CdTe) can operate at room temperature without cryogenic cooling. One of such materials that have become of great interest is cadmium zinc telluride selenide (CdZnTeSe). Compared to other CdTe-based materials, such as cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe), CdZnTeSe can be grown with much less Te inclusions and sub-grain boundary networks. Chemical etching is often used to smoothen wafer surfaces during detector fabrication. This paper presents the characterization of CdZnTeSe that is chemically etched using bromine methanol solution. Infrared imaging shows that the wafer has no sub-grain boundary networks that often limit detector performance. The current-voltage (I-V) characterization experiment gave a resistivity of 4.6 × 1010 Ω-cm for the sample. The I-V curve was linear in the ±10 to ±50 volts range. An energy resolution of 7.2% was recorded at 100 V for the 59.6-keV gamma line of 241Am.

关键词： CdZnTeSe Chemical Etching Energy Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Infrared Imaging Nuclear Detectors

Rationally designed mariner vectors for functional genomic analysis of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and other Pasteurellaceae species by transposon-directed insertion-site sequencing (TraDIS)

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Animal Diseases 2021年第4期1卷 249-261页

作者： Janine T.Bossé Yanwen Li Leon G.Leanse Liqing Zhou roy R.Chaudhuri Sarah E.Peters Jinhong Wang Gareth A.Maglennon Matthew T.G.Holden Duncan J.Maskell alexander W.Tucker Brendan W.Wren Andrew N.Rycroft Paul R.Langford on behalf of the BRaDPT consortium Section of Paediatric Infectious Disease Department of Infectious DiseaseImperial College LondonSt.Mary’s CampusLondonUK Wellman Center for Photomedicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA The Applied Diagnostic Research and Evaluation Unit St George’s University of LondonLondonUK Department of Veterinary Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology The Royal Veterinary CollegeHatfieldUK The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute CambridgeUK School of Medicine University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK The University of Melbourne ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia s Faculty of Infectious&Tropical Diseases London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondonUK

Comprehensive identification of conditionally essential genes requires efficient tools for generating high-density transposon libraries that, ideally, can be analysed using next-generation sequencing methods such as Transposon Directed Insertion-site Sequencing (TraDIS). The Himar1 (mariner) transposon is ideal for generating near-saturating mutant libraries, especially in AT-rich chromosomes, as the requirement for integration is a TA dinucleotide, and this transposon has been used for mutagenesis of a wide variety of bacteria. However, plasmids for mariner delivery do not necessarily work well in all bacteria. In particular, there are limited tools for functional genomic analysis of Pasteurellaceae species of major veterinary importance, such as swine and cattle pathogens, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida, respectively. Here, we developed plasmids, pTsodCPC9 and pTlacPC9 (differing only in the promoter driving expression of the transposase gene), that allow delivery of mariner into both these pathogens, but which should also be applicable to a wider range of bacteria. Using the pTlacPC9 vector, we have generated, for the first time, saturating mariner mutant libraries in both A. pleuropneumoniae and P. multocida that showed a near random distribution of insertions around the respective chromosomes as detected by TraDIS. A preliminary screen of 5000 mutants each identified 8 and 14 genes, respectively, that are required for growth under anaerobic conditions. Future high-throughput screening of the generated libraries will facilitate identification of mutants required for growth under different conditions, including in vivo, highlighting key virulence factors and pathways that can be exploited for development of novel therapeutics and vaccines.

关键词： Mariner Transposon TraDIS Pasteurellaceae Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Pasteurella multocida

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大规模风电场对草地碳循环的影响

Science Bulletin 2023年第23期68卷 2889-2892页

作者：武东海 Steven M.Grodsky 徐文芳刘乃精 Rafael M.Almeida 周黎明 Lee M.Miller Somnath Baidya roy 夏耕 Anurag A.Agrawal Benjamin Z.Houlton alexander S.Flecker 徐湘涛 Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty CropsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied BotanySouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell UniversityIthaca NY 14853USA U.S.Geological Survey New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitDepartment of Natural Resources and the EnvironmentCornell UniversityIthaca NY 14853USA POWERCHINA Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Xi’an 710065China School of Earth Environmentaland Marine Sciencesthe University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyEdinburg TX 78539USA Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences University at AlbanyAlbany NY 12222USA Energy and Environment Directorate Pacific Northwest National LabRichland WA 99354USA Centre for Atmospheric Science Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India National Wind Technology Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGolden CO 80401USA Department of Global Development Cornell UniversityIthaca NY 14853USA

Deployment of wind energy is an essential renewable energy source that mitigates climate change and reduces air pollution[1].Over the last several decades,wind energy development has increased worldwide,expanding from... 详细信息

关键词：大规模风电场 pollution expanding

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朗文外研社新概念英语

Molecular deconvolution of the neutralizing antibodies in duced by an in activated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine

作者： alexander等

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Protein & Cell 2021年第10期12卷 818-823页

作者： Xingdong Zhou Hui Wang Qun Ji Mingjuan Du Yuexia Liang Huanhuan Li Fan Li Hang Shang Xiujuan Zhu Wei Wang Lichun Jiang Alexey V.Stepanov Tianyu Ma Nanxin Gong Xiaodong Jia alexander G.Gabibov Zhiyong Lou Yinying Lu Yu Guo Hongkai Zhang Xiaoming Yang State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Life Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Beijing Institute of Biological Products Company Limited Beijing 100176China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China M.M.Shemyakin and Yu.A.OvchinniXov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences MoscowRussia 117997 Comprehensive Liver Cancer Center The 5th Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Science&Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Dear Editor,The rapid emerge nee and persistence of the pan demic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has had enormous impacts on global health and the *** vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are urgently needed to control the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,and multiple vaccines have been found to be efficacious in preventing symptomatic COVID-19(Polack et al.,2020;Wu et al.,2020;Jones and roy,2021).

关键词： acute respiratory

Fluctuating temperature modifies heat-mortality association around the globe

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The Innovation 2022年第2期3卷 65-72页

作者： Yao Wu Bo Wen Shanshan Li Antonio Gasparrini Shilu Tong Ala Overcenco Ales Urban Alexandra Schneider Alireza Entezari Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera Antonella Zanobetti Antonis Analitis Ariana Zeka Aurelio Tobias Barrak Alahmad Ben Armstrong Bertil Forsberg CarmenÍñiguez Caroline Ameling César De la Cruz Valencia ChristoferÅström Danny Houthuijs Do Van Dung Dominic royé Ene Indermitte Eric Lavigne Fatemeh Mayvaneh Fiorella Acquaotta Francesca de’Donato Francesco Sera Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar Haidong Kan Hans Orru Ho Kim Iulian-Horia Holobaca Jan Kyselý Joana Madureira Joel Schwartz Klea Katsouyanni Magali Hurtado-Diaz Martina SRagettli Masahiro Hashizume Mathilde Pascal Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coélho Noah Scovronick Paola Michelozzi Patrick Goodman Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Rosana Abrutzky Samuel Osorio Tran Ngoc Dang Valentina Colistro Veronika Huber Whanhee Lee Xerxes Seposo Yasushi Honda Michelle L.Bell Yuming Guo Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Department of Public Health Environments and SocietyLondon School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre for Statistical Methodology London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Centre on Climate Change&Planetary Health London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineLondon WC1E 7HTUK Shanghai Children’s Medical Centre Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China School of Public Health Institute of Environment and Human HealthAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032China Center for Global Health Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4000Australia National Agency for Public Health of the Ministry of Health Labour and Social Protection of the Republic of MoldovaChisinau MD-2009Republic of Moldova Institute of Atmospheric Physics Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14100Czech Republic Faculty of Environmental Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesPrague 16500Czech Republic Institute of Epidemiology Helmholtz Zentrum M€unchen-German Research Center for Environmental HealthNeuherberg 85747Germany Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences Hakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research University of BernBern 3012Switzerland Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical StatisticsNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthens 11527Greece Institute for Environment Healthand SocietiesBrunel University LondonLondon UB83PNUK Institute of Environmental Assessment and

Studies have investigated the effects of heat and temperature variability(TV)on ***,few assessed whether TV modifies the heat-mortality *** on daily temperature and mortality in the warm season were collected from 717 locations across 36 *** was calculated as the standard deviation of the average of the same and previous days’minimum and maximum temperatures.

关键词： deviation modif heat