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Transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast differentiation identifies regulators of osteoclast activity

Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 180-198页

作者： Morten S.Hansen Kaja Madsen Maria Price Kent Søe Yasunori Omata Mario M.Zaiss Caroline M.Gorvin Morten Frost alexander rauch Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory(KMEB) Department of EndocrinologyOdense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Clinical Research Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Clinical Cell Biology Pathology Research UnitDepartment of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research(IMSR)and Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism(CEDAM)University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Centre for Membrane Proteins and Receptors(COMPARE) Universities of Birmingham and NottinghamBirmingham B152TTUK Department of Molecular Medicine University of Southern DenmarkDK-5000 Odense CDenmark Department of Orthopedic Surgery Faculty of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Department of Internal Medicine 3 Rheumatology and ImmunologyFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum ErlangenD-91054 ErlangenGermany Steno Diabetes Center Odense Odense University HospitalDK-5000 Odense CDenmark

Enhanced osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity contribute to the development of osteoporosis,which is characterized by increased bone resorption and inadequate bone *** novel antiosteoporotic therapeutics are needed,understanding the genetic regulation of human osteoclastogenesis could help identify potential treatment *** study aimed to provide an overview of transcriptional reprogramming during human osteoclast *** were differentiated from CD14+monocytes from eight female *** sequencing during differentiation revealed 8980 differentially expressed genes grouped into eight temporal patterns conserved across *** patterns revealed distinct molecular functions associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis susceptibility genes based on RNA from iliac crest biopsies and bone mineral density *** analyses revealed mutual dependencies between temporal expression patterns and provided insight into subtype-specific transcriptional *** donor-specific expression patterns revealed genes at the monocyte stage,such as filamin B(FLNB)and oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1(OLR1,encoding LOX-1),that are predictive of the resorptive activity of mature *** expression of differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors was strong during osteoclast differentiation,and these receptors are associated with bone mineral density SNPs,suggesting that they play a pivotal role in osteoclast differentiation and *** regulatory effects of three differentially expressed G-protein coupled receptors were exemplified by in vitro pharmacological modulation of complement 5 A receptor 1(C5AR1),somatostatin receptor 2(SSTR2),and free fatty acid receptor 4(FFAR4/GPR120).Activating C5AR1 enhanced osteoclast formation,while activating SSTR2 decreased the resorptive activity of mature osteoclasts,and activating FFAR4 decreased both the number and resorptive activity of mature *** conclus

关键词： osteoclast programming identif

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Testing and modelling of transient adhesion phenomena in rolling-sliding contacts

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 1016-1027页

作者： Daniel KVARDA alexander MEIERHOFER Klaus SIX Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno61669Czech Republic Virtual Vehicle Research GmbH Graz8010Austria

Transient adhesion effects in rolling–sliding contacts influence all aspects of train–track *** is of high importance specifically when these effects result in critically low adhesion,which poses a risk to traction and braking of railway *** study presents a model that can replicate the transient changes of the coefficient of adhesion with tested water and solid particle *** experimental data for the model are measured using a commercial ball-on-disc *** experimental results showed a liquid reservoir in front of the contact area that slowly reduces in *** observation was used in the modelling approach to divide the calculation into two stages where the reservoir is present and when it *** model was able to reproduce the occurrence of low adhesion region seen in experimental results with different particle concentrations.

关键词： coefficient of adhesion tribology transient effects wheel-rail contact

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Competitive Resource Allocation Among Urban Congestion Areas in a Modern Big City

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 133-153页

作者： alexander Krylatov Anastasiya Raevskaya Institute of Applied Mathematical Research of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences Petrozavodsk185910Russia Saint Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg199034Russia

The continuing growth of modern big cities leads to their spatial expansion and the emergence of new road connections and urban *** where large transportation flows of pedestrians,passengers,and drivers come together create demand points,which attract business companies that strive to allocate their resources in the most sought-after ***,the law of supply and demand restrains companies from allocating all their resources solely in the most popular congestion areas since the more valuable an urban area,the higher the cost to be paid for a resource unit allocation *** a result,companies act in a non-cooperative manner and try to minimize their own overall costs when allocating resources across available commercial areas in a big ***-cooperative behavior of companies leads to the problem of Nash equilibrium search in the game of competing *** this paper,we study the corresponding resource allocation game under affine cost functions and obtain Nash equilibrium strategies in explicit *** findings allow us to develop a simple procedure for computing Nash equilibria in the game of companies allocating their resources among urban congestion *** computational study demonstrates the dependence of the average price for resource allocation on the number of players and their resource *** outcome of the paper contributes to flow theory and seems to be fresh and useful for managers.

关键词： Resource allocation Nash equilibrium Affine costs

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A Converse Theorem for Split SO_(2l) over Finite Fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 731-771页

作者： alexander HAZELTINE Bai Ying LIU Department of Mathematics Purdue University150 N.University St.West LafayetteIN 47907USA E-mail:ahazelti@purdue.edu liu2053@purdue.edu

We prove a converse theorem for split even special orthogonal groups over finite *** is the only case left on converse theorems of classical groups and the difficulty is the existence of the outer automorphism. In thi... 详细信息

关键词： Converse theorems generic cuspidal representations even special orthogonal groups

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Architecture of Graphics System with 3D Acceleration Support for Embedded Operating Systems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 863-873页

作者： alexander Giatsintov Kirill Mamrosenko Pavel Bazhenov Center of Visualization and Sattelite Information Technologies Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences(SRISA RAS)Moscow 117218Russia

An increasing number of tasks now require the use of hardware accelerators to reduce the time required for computation and display the computational *** paper presents a new graphics system architecture for operating systems(OSs)with microkernel architecture,including real-time *** proposed system architecture provides capabilities for displaying graphical images on various information display devices and for accelerating graphical operations on *** architecture of the graphics system uses a concept of allocators to manage system and video memory,provides an abstraction of memory operations with a single interface for video memory management,and simplifies memory handling where incorrect operation is the cause of many failures.A comparison between the performance of a real-time OS and Linux OS implementing the graphics system using the example of a glmark2 benchmark is presented,thereby the superiority of the proposed architecture in several scenarios is demonstrated.

关键词： real-time operating system(RTOS) graphics system rendering system architecture operatingsystem visualization system programming

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Unveiling the atomic-scale transition between light harvesting and photoprotective states in plant photosynthesis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1375-1377页

作者： alexander V.Ruban School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

Non-photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching(NPQ) stands as a cornerstone in the realm of photosynthesis research, attracting generations of dedicated scientists in their quest to unravel its mysteries. This mechanism, crucial for safeguarding photosynthesis, plays a pivotal role in regulating light harvesting, particularly in oxygenic photosynthesis where the oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII)is susceptible to photodamage [1].

关键词： harvesting protective attracting

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Prediction of ball-on-plate friction and wear by ANN with data-driven optimization

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1235-1249页

作者： alexander KOVALEV Yu TIAN Yonggang MENG State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

For training artificial neural network(ANN),big data either generated by machine or measured from experiments are used as input to"learn"the unspecified functions defining the *** experimental data are fed directly into the optimizer allowing training to be performed according to a predefined loss *** predict sliding friction and wear at mixed lubrication conditions,in this study a specific ANN structure was so designed that deep learning algorithms and data-driven optimization models can be *** ball-on-plate friction and wear data were analyzed using the specific training procedure to optimize the weights and biases incorporated into the neural layers of the ANN,and only two independent experimental data sets were used during the ANN optimization *** the training procedure,the ANN is capable to predict the contact and hydrodynamic pressure by adapting the output data according to the tribological condition implemented in the optimization algorithm.

关键词： machine learning deep learning artificial neural network mixed lubrication

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Emergency department management of acute agitation in the reproductive age female and pregnancy

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 83-90页

作者： Ariella Gartenberg Kayla Levine alexander Petrie Department of Emergency Medicine Jacobi Medical Center and Montefiore Medical CenterNY 10461USA Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical CenterNY 10461USA Department of Emergency Medicine Jacobi Medical Center and North Central Bronx HospitalNY 10461USA

BACKGROUND:Agitation is a common presentation within emergent departments(EDs).Agitation during pregnancy should be treated as an obstetric emergency,as the distress may jeopardize both the patient and *** safety of psychotropic medications in the reproductive age female has not been well *** review aimed to explore a summary of general agitation recommendations with an emphasis on ED management of agitation during ***:A literature review was conducted to explore the pathophysiology of acute agitation and devise a preferred treatment plan for ED management of acute agitation in the reproductive age or pregnant ***:While nonpharmacological management is preferred,ED visits for agitation often require medical *** should be selected based on the etiology of agitation and the clinical setting to avoid major adverse *** effects are common in pregnant *** mild to moderate agitation in pregnancy,diphenhydramine is an effective sedating agent with minimal adverse *** moderate to severe agitation,high-potency typical psychotropics are preferred due to their neutral effects on *** has become the most frequently utilized psychotropic for agitation during *** generation psychotropics are often utilized as second-line therapy,including *** and ketamine have demonstrated adverse fetal ***:While randomized control studies cannot be ethically conducted on pregnant patients requiring sedation,animal models and epidemiologic studies have demonstrated the effects of psychotropic medication exposure in *** the fetal risk associated with multiple doses of psychotropic medications remains unknown,weighing the risks and benefits of each agent,while utilizing the lowest effective dose remains critical in the treatment of acute agitation within the EDs.

关键词： Agitation Pregnancy Haloperidol Ketamine Benzodiazepines

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You had me at PELO:a"Ribosome Rescuer"induces NLR inflammasome assembly

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第1期21卷 1-2页

作者： Zoie Magri alexander Poltorak Graduate Program in Immunology Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences136 Harrison AvenueBostonMA02111USA Department of Immunology Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMA02111USA

Pyroptosis,an inflammatory form of programmed cell death,eliminates a niche where pathogens replicate,providing overall benefits to a *** left uncontrolled,pyroptosis can lead to severe *** pyroptotic activation has been implicated in neuroinflammation,cardiovascular disease,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and many other diseases[1,2,3].Because of its multiple and permanent consequences,pyroptosis is a highly regulated signaling *** regulators of pyroptosis are NLR inflammasomes,which are activated by various“danger”signals such as ATP.

关键词： inflam NLR distress

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A new method for precise optical measurements of the sub-micron height of levitation of droplet clusters

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Particuology 2024年第4期87卷 173-178页

作者： alexander A.Fedorets Eduard E.Kolmakov Leonid A.Dombrovsky University of Tyumen 6 Volodarskogo StTyumen625003Russia Engineering Faculty Ariel UniversityP0.B.3407000ArielIsrael Joint Institute for High Temperatures 17A Krasnokazarmennaya StMoscow111116Russia

Droplet clusters levitating over the locally heated water surface are considered a very promising phe-nomenon of microfluidics for the potential use of the droplets as unique microreactors for microbio-logical experiments.A new optical method is suggested for precise measurements of the sub-micron levitation height of single *** method is based on the analysis of variable colors of the inter-ference halo around the *** the first time,it is possible to measure the extremely low downward velocity of droplets,which grow due to steam *** velocity was found to be 5-8 nm/*** height of the levitation of various droplets just before their coalescence with a layer of water was also *** measurements might be used for the verification of sophisticated models for the droplet levitation to be developed for a very thin layer of humid air under the droplet when the Knudsen effect should be taken into account.

关键词： Precise measurements Interferometric method Droplet cluster Levitation height

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