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Thiazolidinedione treatment inhibits bile duct proliferation and fibrosis in a rat model of chronic cholestasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第32期11卷 4931-4938页

作者： Fabio Marra Raffaella DeFranco Gaia Robino Erica Novo Eva Efsen Sabrina Pastacaldi Elena Zamara alessandro vercelli Benedetta Lottini Carlo Spirli Mario Strazzabosco Massimo Pinzani Maurizio Parola Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Center for ResearchTransfer and High Education ‘DENOTHE'University of FlorenceItaly Dipartimento di Medicina e Oncologia SperimentaleUniversity of Turin Italy Benedetta LottiniMassimo Pinzani Dipartimento di Medicina Interna and Center for ResearchTransferand High Education ‘DENOTHE'University of FlorenceItaly Dipartimento di AnatomiaFarmacologia e Medicina Legale University of TurinItaly Istituto Veneto di Medicina MolecolarePadua Italy

AIM: To investigate the effects of troglitazone (TGZ), an anti-diabetic drug which activates peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), for liver tissue repair, and the development of ductular reaction, following common bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats.METHODS: Rats were supplemented with TGZ (0.2% w/w in the pelleted food) for 1 wk before BDL or sham operation.Animals were killed at 1, 2, or 4 wk after surgery.RESULTS: The development of liver fibrosis was reduced in rats receiving TGZ, as indicated by significant decreases of procollagen type Ⅰ gene expression and liver hydroxyproline levels. Accumulation of α-smooth-muscle actin (SMA)-expressing cells surrounding newly formed bile ducts following BDL, as well as total hepatic levels of SMA were partially inhibited by TGZ treatment, indicating the presence of a reduced number and/or activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and myofibroblasts. Development of the ductular reaction was inhibited by TGZ, as indicated by histochemical evaluation and hepatic activity of γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT).CONCLUSION: Treatment with thiazolidinedione reduces ductular proliferation and fibrosis in a model of chronic cholestasis, and suggests that limiting cholangiocyte proliferation may contribute to the lower development of scarring in this system.

关键词：胆管增生胆管纤维化小鼠动物实验慢性胆汁郁积治疗方法

Fitness Cost Shapes Differential Evolutionary Dynamics of Disease Resistance Genes in Cultivated and Wild Plants

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1352-1354页

作者： Delfina Barabaschi alessandro Tondelli Giampiero Valè Luigi Cattivelli CREA Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics Via San Protaso 302Fiorenzuola d'Arda29017Italy DiSIT Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione TecnologicaUniversity of Piemonte OrientalePiazza S.Eusebio 5Vercelli 13100Italy

Polyploidy is characterized by the presence of two or more complete sets of chromosomes coming from intraspecies whole-genome duplication(i.e.,autopolyploidy)or from hybridization between distinct but related species(i.e.,allopolyploidy).Poly-ploidization is a driving force in the evolution of higher plants,most of the plant species have experienced ancient or recent genome duplication events that have led to several genome modifications,such as chromosomal reorganization,gene conversion,sub-genome dominance,alteration of gene expression patterns,and expansion/contraction of some gene families.

关键词： chromosomal contraction driving

Does kidney transplantation onto the external iliac artery affect the haemodynamic parameters of the cavernosal arteries？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 621-625页

作者： Paolo Gontero Marco Oderda Claudia Filippini Francesco Fontana Elisa Lazzarich Piero Stratta Ernesto Turello alessandro Tizzani Bruno Frea Department of Urotogy-l A.O.U.S. Giovanni Battista University of Turin Turin 10126 Italy Department of Anesthesiology A.O.U.S. Giovanni Battista University of Turin Turin 10126 Italy Department of Urology Vercelli Hospital Verceili 13100 Italy Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplant University of Eastern Piedmont Maggiore della Carita Hospital Novara 28100 Italy Department of Urology University of Udine Udine 33100 Italy

Reduced cavernosal arterial inflow has been hypothesized to be the likely cause of erectile dysfunction after kidney transplants in recipients revascularized through end-to-end anastomosis to the internal lilac artery, suggesting that end-to-side anastomosis at the external iliac artery is preferable. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effect of the use of the external iliac artery on erectile function, hormone profiles and penile blood flow by evaluating changes in penile colour Doppler ultrasound parameters in a consecutive series of 22 recipients before and after end-to-side external lilac artery transplantation. The mean International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function （IIEF-EF） domain score decreased significantly 3 months after transplant （18.09±6.33 vs. 22.50±7.09, P=O.01）. The reduction in peak systolic velocity （PSV） was significant for the cavernous artery homolateral to the side of transplant （42.60±18.77 vs. 52.01±19.91, P=0.01）. The mean postoperative end diastolic velocity （EDV） did not differ significantly from the preoperative value （P=0.74）. No statistical differences were found in the serum levels of testosterone or prolactin. Kidney grafts anastomosed at the external lilac artery produced significant （P=0.01） reductions in arterial inflow at the homolateral cavernosal artery that remained above the normal threshold. Whether these haemodynamic changes can explain the worsening of postoperative erectile function remains to be proven.

关键词： cavernosal arteries Doppler erectile dysfunction external iliac artery kidney transplant

Effectiveness and safety of antithrombotic strategies in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第11期12卷 513-525页

作者： Elisa Rondano Marzia Bertolazzi alessandro Galluzzo Ludovica Maltese Paolo Caccianotti Sergio Macciò Stefano Mazza Maria Virginia Di Ruocco Serena Favretto Eraldo Occhetta Francesco Rametta Cardiology Department St.Andrea HospitalVercelli 13100Italy

BACKGROUND Elderly patients represent a rapidly growing part of the population more susceptible to acute coronary syndromes and their complications.However,literature evidence is lacking in this clinical setting.AIM To describe the clinical features,in-hospital management and outcomes of“elderly”patients with myocardial infarction treated with antiplatelet and/or anticoagulation therapy.METHODS This study was a retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients older than 80 years admitted to the Division of Cardiology of St.Andrea Hospital of vercelli from January 2018 to December 2018 due to ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI).Clinical and laboratory data were collected for each patient,as well as the prevalence of previous or in-hospital atrial fibrillation(AF).In-hospital management,consisting of an invasive or conservative strategy,and the anti-thrombotic therapy used are described.Outcomes evaluated at 1 year follow-up included an efficacy ischemic endpoint and a safety bleeding endpoint.RESULTS Of the 105 patients enrolled(mean age 83.9±3.6 years,52.3%males),68(64.8%)were admitted due to NSTEMI and 37(35.2%)due to STEMI.Among the STEMI patients,34(91.9%)underwent coronary angiography and all of them were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI);among the NSTEMI patients,42(61.8%)were assigned to an invasive strategy and 16(38.1%)of them underwent a PCI.No significant difference between the groups was found concerning the prevalence of previous or in-hospital de-novo AF.10.5%of the whole population received triple antithrombotic therapy and 9.5%single antiplatelet therapy plus oral anticoagulation(OAC),with no significant difference between the subgroups,although a higher number of STEMI patients received dual antiplatelet therapy without OAC as compared with NSTEMI patients.A low rate of in-hospital death(5.7%)and 1-year cardiovascular death(3.3%)was registered.Seven(7.8%)patients experienced major adverse cardiovascular events,while the ra

关键词： Antiplatelet therapy Anticoagulant therapy Elderly patients Safety Acute myocardial infarction

Idiopathic Giant Cell Myocarditis: State of the Art

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2014年第6期4卷 316-324页

作者： Alessia Veia Chiara Cavallino Sara Bacchini Fabio Pastore alessandro Lupi Andrea Rognoni Francesco Rametta Angelo Sante Bongo Coronary Care Unit A.O.U. Maggiore della Carità Novara Italy Division of Cardiology A.S.L. Vercelli Italy

Giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare, rapidly progressive and highly lethal disease in young and middle-aged adults. It is attributed to an inflammation of the heart muscle, and mediated by T lymphocytes and anti-myosin autoantibodies. Making diagnosis of GCM with multiple noninvasive imaging modalities is possible in a small percentage of patients, so myocardial tissue diagnosis is often required. An early diagnosis is very important, because immunosuppressive treatment may significantly improve clinical course and survival of these patients. GCM often escapes diagnosis until autopsy or transplantation and has defied proper treatment trials for its rarity and deadly behavior. This review will focus on the diagnostic approach to patients with suspected GCM and currently evidence-based treatment strategy for this disease.

关键词： Giant Cell Myocarditis Endomyocardial Biopsy Heart Failure Immunosuppression

Clinical Predictors of Appropriate Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Therapies in Primary Prevention: A Retrospective Study

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 79-90页

作者： Chiara Devecchi Eraldo Occhetta Vincenzo alessandro Galiffa Gabriele Dell’Era Andrea Magnani Francesco Rametta Paolo Nicola Marino AOU Maggiore della Carità Novara Italy Presidio Ospedaliero S. Andrea Vercelli Italy

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (EF) patients reduces risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Previous data suggest that the benefit of ICD therapy in real life may be lower than expected from the results of controlled studies and only about one-third of ICD patients receive appropriate therapies. Nevertheless, all ICD patients are at risk of perioperative complications and inappropriate shocks. We retrospectively studied 613 patients undergoing ICD for primary prevention in 2002-2015;we excluded inherited arrhythmogenic syndromes. Patients underwent 12-leads ECG, echocardiography, laboratory tests and quality of life questionnaire. We evaluated comorbidities, appropriate therapies, complications and all-cause mortality. Consecutive patients (age 67 ± 10 years, 81% males, 59% ischaemic aetiology) were followed for 51 ± 31 months. 198 patients (32%) received appropriate ICD therapy, 93 (15%) had inappropriate shocks, 53 (8%) had at least one complication (electrode dysfunction, infection and pocket related) and 191 (33%) died. Multivariate analysis showed atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.27 - 2.53;p < 0.01), diabetes (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.27 - 2.53;p = 0.041) and vasculopathy (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.27 - 2.53;p = 0.031) as predictors of appropriate therapy. Logistic regression, considering atrial fibrillation, diabetes, vasculopathy, EF, NYHA class, left atrial diameter and natremia, identified SCD low risk group (probability < 0.1258). Ventricular arrhythmias necessitating ICD therapy are common, but complications and inappropriate therapies are frequent. Many parameters should be considered for a better selection of ICD candidates, to reduce ineffective implants. Our multifactorial score may eventually reduce about 10% ICD implantation.

关键词： ICD Primary Prevention Predictors Appropriate Therapy Complications