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Beyond functional MRI signals:molecular and cellular modifiers of the functional connectome and cognition

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 937-938页

作者： Lorenzo pini alessandro Salvalaggio Maurizio Corbetta Padova Neuroscience Center University of PadovaItaly Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine VIMMPadovaItaly Department of Neuroscience University of PadovaItaly

Our brain is constantly *** at rest,the brain carries out essential functions such as maintenance of resting potentials,subthreshold synaptic activity,and spiking activity related to information *** resting activity can be assessed with several in vivo tools,such as resting-state functional magnetic resonance *** technique measures subtle changes in blood flow,volume,and oxygenation that occur over *** vascular in nature,resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging is considered a reliable proxy of neural activity and several studies have shown that the brain is functionally divided into interacting neural networks called the“functional connectome”.

关键词： functional neural measures

A Few Important and Original Aspects of Carlo Cattaneo’s Philosophical-Linguistic Ideas

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Philosophy Study 2024年第2期14卷 66-72页

作者： alessandro prato University of Siena SienaItaly

The essay has two main *** first is a general reconstruction of Cattaneo’s linguistic thought,highlighting the most important aspects of both his reflections on the connection between language and the community of speakers,and his study of the functions and properties of *** latter includes an analysis of the influence Cattaneo’s philosophy had on the sphere of Italian linguistics at the turn of the 20th century.

关键词： linguistics philosophy of language connection between language and nation linguistics and anthropology

Effects of Plasmodium falciparum—infected erythrocytes on matrix metalloproteinase-9 regulation in human microvascular endothelial cells

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第3期6卷 195-199页

作者： Sarah D' alessandro Nicoletta Basilico Mauro prato Dipartimento di Sanita Pubblica-Microbiologia-Virologia Universita di MilanoMilanoItaly Dipartimento di Genetica Biologia e BiochimicaFacolta di Medicina e ChirurgiaUniversita di TorinoTorinoItaly

Objective:To investigate the regulation of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of melalloproleinases(TIMPs) in human microvascular endothelium(HMEC-1) exposed to erythrocytes infected by different strains of Plasmodium falciparum(***).Methods: HMEC—1 eells were co—incubated for 72 h with erythrocytes infected by late stage trophozoite of D10(chloroquine-sensilive) or W 2(chloroquine-resistant) *** *** supernatants were then collected and the levels of pro- or active gelatinases MMP-9 and MMP-2 were evaluated by gelatin zymograpln and *** release of pro-MMP-9,***-1 and TIMP-1 proteins was analyzed by western blotting and ***:Infected erythrocytes induced de novo proMMP-9 and MMP-9 *** basal levels of proMMP-2 were altered,nor active MMP-2 was ***-3 and MMP-1 secretion was significant!) enhanced,whereas basal TIMP-1 was *** effects were similar for both strains. Conclusions:*** parasites,either chloroquine-sonsitive or -resistant,induce the release of active MMP-9 protein from human microvascular endothelium,by impairing balances between proMMP-9 and its inhibitor,and by enhancing the levels of its *** work provides new evidence on MMP involvement in malaria,pointing at MMP-9 as a possible target in adjuvant therapy.

关键词： Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Endothelial cells Matrix metalloproteinases Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases Gelatinases

Transperineal laser ablation of the prostate as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer: The results of a Delphi consensus project

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 271-279页

作者： Andrea Cocci Marta Pezzoli Fernando Bianco Franco Blefari Pierluigi Bove Francois Cornud Gaetano De Rienzo Paolo Destefanis Danilo Di Trapani alessandro Giacobbe Luca Giovanessi Antonino Laganà Giovanni Lughezzani Guglielmo Manenti Gianluca Muto Gianluigi Patelli Novello Pinzi Stefano Regusci Giorgio I.Russo Juan I.M.Salamanca Matteo Salvi Luigi Silvestri Fabrizio Verweij Eric Walser Riccardo GBertolo Valerio Iacovelli alessandro Bertaccini Debora Marchiori Hugo Davila Pasquale Ditonno Paolo Gontero Gennaro Iapicca Theo M De Reijke Vito Ricapito Pierluca Pellegrini Andrea Minervini Sergio Serni Francesco Sessa Department of Urology Careggi HospitalUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Urology Section University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly Urological Research Network MiamiFLUSA Urology Section Prato HospitalPratoItaly Torvergata Oncoscience Research Centre of Excellence TORDepartment of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly Department of Urology San Carlo di Nancy HospitalRomeItaly Department of Radiology Hôpital CochinParis Descartes UniversityParisFrance Urology and Andrology Unit II Department of Emergency and Organ TransplantationUniversity of BariBariItaly Unit of Urology Cittàdella Salute e della Scienza HospitalUniversity of TurinTurinItaly Urology Unit Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli HospitalPalermoItaly Department of Urology Humanitas Gradenigo HospitalTurinItaly Urology Unit Surgical DepartmentFondazione Poliambulanza Istituto OspedalieroBresciaItaly Departement of Urology “S.Giovanni Evangelista”HospitalTivoliItaly Humanitas Clinical and Research CentereIRCCS Department of UrologyRozzanoItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityPieve EmanueleItaly Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology University of Rome“Tor Vergata”RomeItaly Department of Interventional Radiology Pesenti-Fenaroli Hospital-ASST Bergamo EstAlzano LombardoItaly Department of Urology University of SienaSienaItaly Swiss International Prostate Center GenevaSwitzerland Clinique Générale Beaulieu GenevaSwitzerland Department of Urology University of CataniaItaly Department of Urology Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University HospitalMadridSpain Lyx Institute of Urology Universidad Francisco de VitoriaMadridSpain Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of RomeFaculty of Pharmacy and MedicineUrology Unit ICOTLatinaItaly Department of Urology European Institute of Oncology(IEO)IRCCSMilanItaly Department of Radiology D

Objective: To evaluate transperineal laser ablation (TPLA) with Echolaser® (Echolaser® TPLA, Elesta S.p.A., Calenzano, Italy) as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) using the Delphi consensus ***: Italian and international experts on BPH and PCa participated in a collaborative consensus project. During two rounds, they expressed their opinions on Echolaser® TPLA for the treatment of BPH and PCa answering online questionnaires on indications, methodology, and potential complications of this technology. Level of agreement or disagreement to reach consensus was set at 75%. If the consensus was not achieved, questions were modified after each round. A final round was performed during an online meeting, in which results were discussed and ***: Thirty-two out of forty invited experts participated and consensus was reached on all topics. Agreement was achieved on recommending Echolaser® TPLA as a treatment of BPH in patients with ample range of prostate volume, from 80 mL (80%), comorbidities (100%), antiplatelet or anticoagulant treatment (96%), indwelling catheter (77%), and strong will of preserving ejaculatory function (100%). Majority of respondents agreed that Echolaser® TPLA is a potential option for the treatment of localized PCa (78%) and recommended it for low-risk PCa (90%). During the final round, experts concluded that it can be used for intermediate-risk PCa and it should be proposed as an effective alternative to radical prostatectomy for patients with strong will of avoiding urinary incontinence and sexual dysfunction. Almost all participants agreed that the transperineal approach of this organ-sparing technique is safer than transrectal and transurethral approaches typical of other techniques (97% of agreement among experts). Pre-procedural assessment, technical aspects, post-procedural catheterization, pharmacological therapy, and expected outcomes were discussed, leading t

关键词： Transperineal laser ablation Prostatecancer Benignprostatic hyperplasia Delphi consensus

Minimally invasive surgery for paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: Personal experience and literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11312-11320页

作者： Alessio pini-prato Maria Grazia Faticato Arrigo Barabino Serena Arrigo Paolo Gandullia Cinzia Mazzola Nicola Disma Giovanni Montobbio Girolamo Mattioli Istituto Giannina Gaslini DINOGMI University of Genoa

The incidence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD) has dramatically increased in the last 20 years. Although first reported in mid 1970s',diagnostic laparoscopy has started to be routinely adopted in paediatric surgical practice since late 1990s'. Minimally invasive surgery was first limited to diagnostic purposes. After 2002 it was also applied to the radical treatment of PIBD,either Crohn's disease(CD) or Ulcerative colitis. During the last decade minimally invasive approaches to PIBD have gained popularity and have recently became the "gold standard" for the treatment of such invalidating and troublesome chronic diseases. The authors describe and track the historical evolution of minimally invasive surgery for PIBD and address all available opportunities,including most recent advancements such as robotic surgery,single port approaches and minimally invasive treatment of perianal fistulising CD. A systematic review of all series of PIBD treated with minimally invasive approaches published so far is provided in order to determine the incidence and type of patients' complications reported up to present days. The authors also describe their experience with minimally invasive surgery for PIBD and will report the results of 104 laparoscopic procedures performed in a series of 61 patients between January 2006 and December 2014.

关键词： Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative c

Functions and Characteristics of Verbal Discourse:From Rhetoric to Anthropology

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2022年第10期12卷 583-588页

作者： alessandro prato University of Siena SienaItaly

The essay describes a common research field between rhetoric and anthropology composed by these elements:(1)the forms and model of verbal language;(2)the analysis of the peculiar properties of orality;(3)the elements of distinction between orality and literacy;(4)the study of factors and conditions that make the spoken word effective,and in the fact that it can exercise persuasive power over the people to whom it is *** topics have been analyzed by prominent authors such as Gorgias,Aristotle,Cicero,Perelman,Goody,Lévi-Strauss.

关键词： anthropology rhetoric philosophy of language communication

A Few Thoughts on Leopardi’s Linguistic Philosophy

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2022年第1期12卷 42-47页

作者： alessandro prato University of Siena SienaItaly

The essay describes,on the one hand,how much technical and scientific knowledge played an important role in Leopardi’s formation-demonstrated in the first place by the Dissertazioni filosofiche and Storia dell’Astronomia-and,on the other hand,highlights how they then influenced his philosophical reflection represented both by his materialist conception of man,and by the thoughts on language in a unitary vision of man and of his expressive *** regards this last area,we have concentrated our analysis on two fundamental themes:*** distinction between words and terms;*** dialectical conception of language that holds together apparently antithetical aspects,such as those of vagueness and semantic uniqueness or beauty and usefulness.

关键词： philosophy of language stylistic semantic language and thought

The Physical Universe and the Theoretical Value of Science:Reflections on the Thought of ***

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Journal of Philosophy Study 2023年第8期13卷 325-334页

作者： Roberto Mantovani alessandro prato University of Urbino UrbinoItaly University of Siena SienaItaly

The essay has two main *** first consists of discussing some literary and philosophical thoughts on the epistemological value of science by one of the most famous and celebrated poets in Italian literature,Giacomo *** poet firmly believes in the cognitive power of science,capable of revealing false beliefs with the light of ***,in his mature reflections,what will radically change will not be the value of scientific activity itself,always admirably accepted,but rather its true salvific *** was not a scientist,but he used the scientific culture of his time to critically address the great existential themes of man concerning nature and the *** had amply demonstrated a scientific culture since his youthful'History of Astronomy',which would reappear in many of his other literary *** deep and meditative reflections on the nature of finite and infinite space and time are a clear and fruitful testimony to ***,Giacomo writes icastically,reason alone is not enough;it needs *** second concerns a first reconstruction of the influence that the philosophy of Enlightenment had on Leopardi’s thought especially in relation to these topics:atheism,rejection of providentialism and anthropocentrism,the conception of nature,the question of the relationship between human and animal intelligence,the rejection of metaphysics,the importance of scientific knowledge.

关键词： Giacomo Leopardi Leopardi's philosophical thoughts Leopardi's scientific thoughts epistemological value of science materialism philosophy of Enlightenment metaphysics

Chitosan tubes enriched with fresh skeletal muscle fibers for delayed repair of peripheral nerve defects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 1079-1084页

作者： alessandro Crosio Benedetta Elena Fornasari Giovanna Gambarotta Stefano Geuna Stefania Raimondo Bruno Battiston Pierluigi Tos Giulia Ronchi Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology II-Surgery for Hand and Upper Limb-AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino-CTO Hospital Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of Torino Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi University of Torino UO Microchirurgia e Chirurgia della Mano Ospedale Gaetano Pini

Nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair is often unsuccessful. Indeed, the expression of genes associated with regeneration, including neurotrophic and gliotrophic factors, is drastically reduced in the distal stump of chronically transected nerves; moreover, Schwann cells undergo atrophy, losing their ability to sustain regeneration. In the present study, to provide a three-dimensional environment and trophic factors supporting Schwann cell activity and axon re-growth, we combined the use of an effective conduit(a chitosan tube) with a promising intraluminal structure(fresh longitudinal skeletal muscle fibers). This enriched conduit was used to repair a 10-mm rat median nerve gap after 3-month delay and functional and morphometrical analyses were performed 4 months after nerve reconstruction. Our data show that the enriched chitosan conduit is as effective as the hollow chitosan conduit in promoting nerve regeneration,and its efficacy is not statistically different from the autograft, considered the "gold standard" technique for nerve reconstruction. Since hollow tubes not always lead to good results after long defects(> 20 mm), we believe that the conduit enriched with fresh muscle fibers could be a promising strategy to repair longer gaps, as muscle fibers create a favorable three-dimensional environment and release trophic factors. All procedures were approved by the Bioethical Committee of the University of Torino and by the Italian Ministry of Health(approval number: 864/2016/PR) on September 14, 2016.

关键词： tubulization Schwann cells scaffold tissue engineering nerve reconstruction morphometrical analyses grasping test secondary repair median nerve nerve regeneration