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Biliary complications after liver transplantation:current perspectives and future strategies

Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第1期10卷 76-92页

作者： Bianca Magro Matteo Tacelli alessandra mazzola Filomena Conti Ciro Celsa Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Dipartimento di Promozione della SaluteMaterno-InfantileMedicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza(PROMISE)University of PalermoPalermoItaly Service d'Hépatologie et Transplantation Hépatique Hôpital de la PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance

Importance:Liver transplantation(LT)is a life-saving therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease and with acute liver failure,and it is associated with excellent outcomes and survival rates at 1 and 5 *** incidence of biliary complications(BCs)after LT is reported to range from 5%to 20%,most of them occurring in the first three months,although they can occur also several years after ***:The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidences on pathophysiology,risk factors,diagnosis and therapeutic management of BCs after *** Review:a literature review was performed of papers on this topic focusing on risk factors,classifications,diagnosis and treatment Findings:Principal risk factors include surgical techniques and donor’s characteristics for biliary leakage and anastomotic biliary strictures and vascular alterations for non-anastomotic biliary *** is the gold standard both for intra-and extrahepatic BCs,while invasive cholangiography should be restricted for therapeutic uses or when MRCP is *** treatment,endoscopic techniques are the first line of treatment with success rates of 70-100%.The combined success rate of ERCP and PTBD overcome 90%of *** leaks often resolve spontaneously,or with the positioning of a stent in ERCP for major bile leaks Conclusions and Relevance:BCs influence morbidity and mortality after LT,therefore further evidences are needed to identify novel possible risk factors,to understand if an immunological status that could lead to their development exists and to compare the effectiveness of innovative surgical and machine perfusion techniques.

关键词： Liver transplantation(LT) biliary tract diseases cholangiography cholangiopancreatography endoscopic retrograde review

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COVID-19 in a liver transplant recipient:Could iatrogenic immunosuppression have prevented severe pneumonia?A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第44期26卷 7076-7084页

作者： Anna Sessa alessandra mazzola Chetana Lim Mohammed Atif Juliana Pappatella Valerie Pourcher Olivier Scatton Filomena Conti Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology University of Naples Federico IINapoli 80131Italy APHP Unite Medicale de Transplantation Hepatique Hopital Pitie SalpetriereParis 75013France Sorbonne Universite INSERMCentre de Recherche Saint-Antoine(CRSA)Paris 75013France APHP Unite de Chirurgie Hepatobiliaire et Transplantation HepatiqueHopital Pitie SalpetriereParis 75013France APHP Centre d’immunologie et des Maladies InfectieusesInserm U1135Hopital Pitie-SalpetriereParis 75013France Hospital Felicio Rocho Barro Preto 9530Brazil APHP Service des Maladies InfectieusesHopital Pitie SalpetriereParis 75013France Sorbonne Universite INSERMInstitute of Cardiometabolisme and Nutrition(ICAN)Paris 75013France

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease(COVID)is a new and highly contagious infectious disease caused by the coronavirus(COVID-19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2).There is limited data regarding the incidence and management of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients’*** the pre-COVID-19 era,these patients were already at an increased risk of developing opportunistic *** often manifested with atypical *** SUMMARY We report another case of uneventful COVID-19 pneumonia in a 58-year old male who was 18 mo’post liver *** received tacrolimus monotherapy since July *** clinical manifestations included only epigastric pain radiating to the right hypochondrium,nausea and *** had no fevers,cough,shortness of breath,anosmia or dysgeusia even if the chest computed tomography scan revealed an extension of the multiple patchy ground-glass density shadows to the upper lobe of the left lung *** was hospitalised and received a course of oral chloroquine(200 mg×3 per day)for a period of 10 ***,the COVID 19 infection was uneventful though there were no modifications to his tacrolimus *** was successfully *** performed subsequent follow-up via *** In light of the current pandemic,it is even more important to identify how the liver recipient’s patients present and are managed,especially for immunosuppression treatment.

关键词： Liver transplantation COVID-19 Immunosuppression Gastrointestinal symptom Infection Case report

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Fashion and Brand Awareness: An Evidence-Based Approach to the Analysis of Distinctive Elements in Communication

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2020年第4期6卷 177-189页

作者： Giovanni Maria Conti alessandra mazzola Martina Motta Margherita Pillan Dipartimento del Design Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy

Brand identity is a key topic in fashion design and communication. It relies on several tangible and intangible elements, such as recognisability of trademarks and styles, of materials and processing details, on storytelling, values, testimonials, company history and so on. The evolution of communication strategies in the digital era, and of globalised markets, demands rational, evidence-based management of the public image of brands. This article offers a theoretical discussion of the structural elements which play a part in establishing the public identity of fashion brands in the era of digital communication, and an innovative approach to the evidence-based investigation of the identity of a number of fashion brands as perceived by customers. The approach proposed here is based on a mix of interviews exploring subjective brand awareness, and objective monitoring of visual attention through eye-tracking. The article also summarises findings obtained by applying this approach to several subjects exposed to communication artefacts produced by fashion brands in order to obtain some information of general interest regarding the factors that influence customers’ mental models.

关键词： Fashion Brand Design Eye Tracking Brand Identity Communication Experience

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Central role of altered phosphodiesterase 2-dependent signaling in the pathophysiology of cognition-based brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2302-2303页

作者： Asma Boulksibat alessandra Tempio Barbara Bardoni Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS UMR7275Inserm U1323ValbonneFrance

The second messengers 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP)modulate molecular pathways that are involved in a large variety of cellular *** the brain,these processes include neurogenesis,neuronal differentiation,activation and function of microglia,and synaptic plasticity,finally resulting in memory formation.

关键词： formation processes finally

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Phosphodiesterase 9 localization in cytoplasm and nucleus:the gateway to selective targeting in neuroprotection?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1701-1702页

作者： Giovanni Ribaudo Matteo Giannangeli Margrate Anyanwu alessandra Gianoncelli Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of BresciaBresciaItaly

The umbrella term"neurodege ne rative disorders"(NDDs) refers to several conditions characterized by a progressive loss of structure and function of cells belonging to the nervous *** diseases affect more than 50million people *** disorders are characterized by sundry factors and pathophysiological mechanisms that a re challenging to be fully *** of these rely on cell signaling pathways to preserve homeostasis,involving second messengers such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate(cGMP).Their ability to control the duration and amplitude of the signaling cascade is given by the presence of several common and uncommon *** kinases A and G (PKA and PKG),phosphodiesterases (PDEs),and scaffold proteins are among them.

关键词： gateway homeostasis preserve

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A novel solution treatment and aging for powder bed fusion–laser beam Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–6Mo alloy: Microstructural and mechanical characterization

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第02期 414-424页

作者： Gianluca Pirro alessandra Martucci Alessandro Morri Mariangela Lombardi Lorella Ceschini Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN) Alma Mater Studiorum–University of Bologna Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT) Politecnico di Torino

Ti–6Al–4Zr–2Sn–6Mo alloy is one of the most recent titanium alloys processed using powder bed fusion–laser beam(PBF–LB) technology. This alloy has the potential to replace Ti–6Al–4V in automotive and aerospace applications, given its superior mechanical properties, which are approximately 10% higher in terms of ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and yield strength after appropriate heat treatment. In as-built conditions, the alloy is characterized by the presence of soft orthorhombic α″ martensite, necessitating a postprocessing heat treatment to decompose this phase and enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy. Usually, PBFed Ti6246 components undergo an annealing process that transforms the α″ martensite into an α–β lamellar microstructure. The primary objective of this research was to develop a solution treatment and aging(STA) heat treatment tailored to the unique microstructure produced by the additive manufacturing process to achieve an ultrafine bilamellar microstructure reinforced by precipitation hardening. This study investigated the effects of various solution temperatures in the α–β field(ranging from 800 to 875°C), cooling media(air and water), and aging time to determine the optimal heat treatment parameters for achieving the desired bilamellar microstructure. For each heat treatment condition,different α–β microstructures were found, varying in terms of the α/β ratio and the size of the primary α-phase lamellae. Particular attention was given to how these factors were influenced by increases in solution temperature and how microhardness correlated with the percentage of the metastable β phase present after quenching. Tensile tests were performed on samples subjected to the most promising heat treatment parameters. A comparison with literature data revealed that the optimized STA treatment enhanced hardness and UTS by13% and 23%, respectively, compared with those of the annealed alloy. Fracture surface analyses were conducted to investigate fracture

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Cluster-Based Nearest-Neighbour Classifier and Its Application on the Lightning Classification

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第4期23卷 573-581页

作者： Loris Nanni alessandra Lumini DEIS IEIIT-CNRUniversità di BolognaViale Risorgimento 240136 Bologna

The problem addressed in this paper concerns the prototype generation for a cluster-based nearest-neighbour classifier. It considers, to classify a test pattern, the lines that link the patterns of the training set and a set of prototypes. An efficient method based on clustering is here used for finding subgroups of similar patterns with centroid being used as prototype. A learning method is used for iteratively adjusting both position and local-metric of the prototypes. Finally, we show that a simple adaptive distance measure improves the performance of our nearest-neighbour-based classifier. The performance improvement with respect to other nearest-neighbour-based classifiers is validated by testing our method on a lightning classification task using data acquired from the Fast On-orbit Recording of Transient Events （FORTE） satellite, moreover the performance improvement is validated through experiments with several benchmark datasets. The performance of the proposed methods are also validated using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.

关键词： nearest-neighbour classifier clustering adaptive distance

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Pollen Tube Growth: a Delicate Equilibrium Between Secretory and Endocytic Pathways

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第8期51卷 727-739页

作者： alessandra Moscatelli Aurora Irene Idilli Dipartimento di Biologia L. Gorini Università degli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 26 20133 Milano Italy

Although pollen tube growth is a prerequisite for higher plant fertilization and seed production, the processes leading to pollen tube emission and elongation are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms of tip growth. It was generally accepted that pollen tube elongation occurs by accumulation and fusion of Golgi-derived secretory vesicles （SVs） in the apical region, or clear zone, where they were thought to fuse with a restricted area of the apical plasma membrane （PM）, defining the apical growth domain. Fusion of SVs at the tip reverses outside cell wall material and provides new segments of PM. However, electron microscopy studies have clearly shown that the PM incorporated at the tip greatly exceeds elongation and a mechanism of PM retrieval was already postulated in the mid-nineteenth century. Recent studies on endocytosis during pollen tube growth showed that different endocytic pathways occurred in distinct zones of the tube, including the apex, and led to a new hypothesis to explain vesicle accumulation at the tip; namely, that endocytic vesicles contribute substantially to V-shaped vesicle accumulation in addition to SVs and that exocytosis does not involve the entire apical domain. New insights suggested the intriguing hypothesis that modulation between exo- and endocytosis in the apex contributes to maintain PM polarity in terms of lipid/protein composition and showed distinct degradation pathways that could have different functions in the physiology of the cell. Pollen tube growth in vivo is closely regulated by interaction with style molecules. The study of endocytosis and membrane recycling in pollen tubes opens new perspectives to studying pollen tube-style interactions in vivo.

关键词： endocytosis exocytosis membrane recycling polarized growth pollen tube

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α-Synuclein oligomers and fibrils:partners in crime in synucleinopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第11期18卷 2332-2342页

作者： alessandra Bigi Roberta Cascella Cristina Cecchi Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Section of BiochemistryUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly

The misfolding and aggregation of a-synuclein is the general hallmark of a group of devastating neurodegenerative pathologies referred to as synucleinopathies,such as Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system *** such conditions,a range of different misfolded aggregates,including oligomers,protofibrils,and fibrils,are present both in neurons and glial *** expe rimental evidence supports the proposition that solu ble oligomeric assemblies,formed during the early phases of the aggregation process,are the major culprits of neuronal toxicity;at the same time,fibrillar confo rmers appear to be the most efficient at propagating among interconnected neurons,thus contributing to the spreading ofα-synuclein ***,α-synuclein fibrils have been recently repo rted to release soluble and highly toxic oligomeric species,responsible for an immediate dysfunction in the recipient *** this review,we discuss the current knowledge about the plethora of mechanisms of cellular dysfunction caused byα-synuclein oligome rs and fibrils,both contributing to neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies.

关键词： amyloid aggregation neurodegeneration Parkinson’s disease protein aggregation protein misfolding

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Novel insights into the pathogenesis of tendon injury:mechanotransduction and neuroplasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2223-2224页

作者： Suellen alessandra Soares de Moraes Faculdade de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional Universidade Federal do ParáBelémParáBrazil

Tendon pathology is characterized by damage to the tendon structural integrity with disruption of collagen fibers(Nourissat et al.,2015).Acute tendon injuries show a macroscopic discontinuity,ranging from partial to complete tendon *** involve inflammation and lead to loss of *** chronic conditions(or tendinopathy),symptoms include changes in both locomotor and sensorial functions of the tendon(Nourissat et al.,2015;Scott et al.,2020).Inconsistency in terminology for cases of painful tendon disorders is found,but recently the term tendinopathy was established in consensus as preferable for cases with persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical *** term excludes a problem in clinical practice-i.e.,specification of the presence of a particular pathological or biochemical process(Scott et al.,2020).

关键词： tendon injuries Acute

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