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Are eavesdroppers multimodal？ Sensory exploitation of floral signals by a non-native cockroach Blatta orientalis

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Current Zoology 2011年第2期57卷 162-174页

作者： Rodrigo C. VERGARA alejandra TORRES-ARANEDA Diego A. VILLAGRA Robert A. RAGUSO Mary T. K. ARROYO Cristian A. VILLAGRA Instituto de Ecologfa y Biodiversidad IEB Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile Centro de Recursos Naturales y Medio Ambiente Departamento de Qufmica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Tarapaca Arica Chile Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Instituto de Entomologfa Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educacion Casilla 147 SantiagoChile

The study of multi-modal communication has only recently been extended to innate and learned interactions between flowers and their animal visitors, and usually only to pollinators. Here we studied the relevance of floral scent and visual display of a night blooming, putatively hawkmoth-pollinated plant Oenothera acaulis （Onagraceae） in the attraction of non-native cockroaches Blatta orientalis （Blattodea： Blattidae）, which function as facultative floral larcenists in coastal habitats of central Chile. We experimentally decoupled visual （corolla） and olfactory （fragrance） stimuli by presenting paper corollas and green mesh bags, with or without a freshly-picked natural flower inside. We then contrasted the behavioral responses of roaches in these treatments with those to the natural combination of traits in actual flowers and their respective control treatments, measuring the roaches＇ frequency of first visits, mean and total residence time spent in each treatment. The roaches primarily used olfactory cues when approaching O. acaulis flowers at two biologically relevant spatial scales. In addition, the presence of conspecific roaches had a strong influence on recruitment to the experimental arena, increasing the statistical differences among treatments. Our results suggest a primacy of floral fragrance over visual stimuli in the foraging responses of B. orientalis. Olfactory cues were necessary and sufficient to attract the roaches, and the visual cues presented in our manipulations only marginally increased their attraction within a 20 cm diameter of the stimulus. The full spectrum of floral visitation behavior was not elicited by the artificial flowers, suggesting the need for additional tactile or contact chemosensory stimuli not provided by paper. Although the nitrogenous scent compounds that we found in O. acaulis flowers are almost exclusively found in hawkmoth-pollinated flowers, the attractiveness of these compounds to a non-native, facultative flower-visiti

关键词： Flower fragrance Corolla visual display Larcenists Night-blooming plants

Territorial Competitiveness in a Globalised Economy： Regional Efficiency of the Mexican Service Sector

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Chinese Business Review 2011年第4期10卷 239-254页

作者： alejandra Berenice Trejo Nieto University Autonomous ofCoahuila Saltillo Mexico

The existence of a solid service sector and some degree of specialisation in tertiary activities are among a number of territorial diversity of factors which need to be taken into account in relation to the creation of competitive capacities. In addition globalisation has presumably played a significant role in the productive restructuring of economies in which the service sector has had an increasing quantitative and qualitative importance over the years Therefore, an evaluation of the role of services in constructing regional competitive capacities is required. This paper aims at addressing indirectly the meaning of services on improving competitiveness by providing a wide-ranging analysis of regional efficiency of the Mexican service sector and its determinants as well as an overview of its territorial distribution and special isation patterns. We evaluate the patterns of concentration of the third sector and its branches, and specialisation of regions. The efficiency of the service sector in the NAFTA period is analysed further because of the impact of services on regional competitiveness. We employ state leve data to examine technical efficiency＇s differentials across regions and their determinants. The methodology includes data envelopment analysis to measure technical efficiency which is the dependent variable in a reduced form model that links regional performance with a number of proxies for various types of agglomeration economies such as specialisation, urbanisation and internal economies of scale

关键词： competitiveness efficiency services Mexico

Severe COVID-19 patients exhibit an ILC2 NKG2D^(+) population in their impaired ILC compartment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 484-486页

作者： alejandra Gomez-Cadena Laurie Spehner Marie Kroemer Myriam Ben Khelil Kevin Bouiller Grégory Verdeil Sara Trabanelli Christophe Borg Romain Loyon Camilla Jandus Department of Pathology and Immunology University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerlandand Ludwig Institute for Cancer ResearchLausanneSwitzerland University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté INSERMEFS BFCUMR1098RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et GéniqueF-25000BesançonFrance Department of Pharmacy University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance Department of Infectious Disease University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-Environment UniversitéBourgogne Franche-ComtéF-25000BesançonFrance Department of Oncology UNIL-CHUVUniversity of Lausanne1066EpalingesSwitzerland Department of Medical Oncology University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the current COVID-19 disease *** some patients,the symptoms are mild,and a fraction of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop severe illness with a high fatality rate due to lung damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome.1 Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a recently identified type of effector immune cells that rapidly sense environmental stimuli and participate in early immune responses by promptly secreting large amounts of cytokines.2 The ILC2 subpopulation was shown to mediate Type 2 responses and to recruit eosinophils during viral lung infections upon the release of alarmins(e.g.,IL-33)by damaged epithelial cells.3,4,5 ILC2s were also shown to participate in the termination of inflammatory responses and tissue repair by amphiregulin *** addition,ILC2s are critical in the early phases of allergic lung inflammation,including that induced by the protease allergen papain.6 Based on the essential function of the papain-like protease PLpro in regulating SARS-CoV-27(Fig.1a)and the severe lung damage caused by this virus,we sought to investigate the potential involvement of ILC2s in immune responses to COVID-19.

关键词： impaired patients acute

Morphometrics confirms the conspecific between Blaptica dubia(Serville) and B. interior Hebard(Blattodea:Blaberidae)

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Zoological Systematics 2019年第2期44卷 111-122页

作者： María Marta González alejandra del Carmen Valverde Mónica Sandra Iglesias Francisco Antonio Crespo Laboratorio de Artrópodos Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Pabellón Ⅱ Ciudad Universitaria Centro de diagnóstico e investigación en endemo-epidemias. Administración nacional de laboratorios e institutos de salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"

Blaptica dubia(Serville, 1838) and B. interior Hebard, 1921 were considered to be cryptic species. The characteristics originally proposed for their identification are not *** the relationship between the two species should be re-considered. As a comparative approach and to analyze intraspecific variability, morphological and morphometric methods were performed. Traditional and new characters such as wing shape and pronotum contour were utilized. We found significant differences between both species(p <0.05) in the shape of the wing, but there was an overlap of values. We did not find differences in the body measurements or in the shape and size of the pronotum between the species. The variability gradient does not allow an accurate identification of species neither with the male genitalia or the pronotal *** on the obtained results, B. interior Hebard 1921 is considered to be a junior synonym of B. dubia(Serville, 1838).

关键词： Cockroaches pronotum genitalia geometric morphometric analysis synonymy

Incidence, prevalence, and demographic characteristics of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid in Colombia: data from the National Health Registry 2009-2019

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第11期14卷 1765-1770页

作者： Carlos Cifuentes-González Stefania Amaris-Martínez Juliana Reyes-Guanes Pilar Uribe-Reina alejandra de-la-Torre Neuroscience Research Group Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad del RosarioBogota 111221Colombia Escuela Barraquer Research Group Escuela Superior de Oftalmología del Instituto Barraquer de AméricaBogota 110111Colombia

AIM:To provide an epidemiological characterization of ocular cicatricial pemphigoid(OCP)in ***:We conducted a cross-sectional study using *** applied the specific code of the International Classification of Diseases for Ocular Pemphigoid,from 2009-2019 to estimate prevalence,incidence,and the demographic status of the disease in ***:The estimated average prevalence was 0.22 per 1000000 inhabitants,and the estimated average incidence was 0.24 per 1000000 *** a female predominance of 62.5%,and a male/female ratio of 1:*** group of patients diagnosed with the disease after the age of 80 presented the highest *** departments with the highest prevalence were Antioquia,Bogotá,and ***:There are important differences between worldwide and Colombian prevalence and incidence data,which may be related to genetic and epigenetic factors,and the possible underdiagnosis of the *** to the results,OCP is an extremely rare disease in ***,it is important to encourage awareness of the disease due to its devastating consequences.

关键词： ocular cicatricial pemphigoid epidemiology incidenee ophthalmology Colombia autoimmune diseases

Gestational diabetes mellitus and COVID-19:The epidemic during the pandemic

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第8期14卷 1178-1193页

作者： Yamely Mendez Linda A Alpuing Radilla Luis Eduardo Delgadillo Chabolla alejandra Castillo Cruz Johanan Luna Salim Surani Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine Xochicalco UniversityMexicali 21376BCMexico Department of Medicine Mt.Olympus Medical ResearchSugarlandTX 77479United States Department of Medicine&Pharmacology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States

During the global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,people worldwide have experienced an unprecedented rise in psychological distress and *** addition to this challenging situation,the prevalence of diabetes mellitus(DM),a hidden epidemic,has been steadily increasing in recent ***-middle-income countries have faced significant barriers in providing accessible prenatal care and promoting a healthy diet for pregnant women,and the pandemic has made these challenges even more difficult to *** women are at a higher risk of developing complications such as hypertension,preeclampsia,and gestational diabetes,all of which can have adverse implications for both maternal and fetal *** occurrence of gestational diabetes has been on the rise,and it is possible that the pandemic has worsened its *** data is limited,studies conducted in Italy and Canada suggest that the pandemic has had an impact on gestational diabetes rates,especially among women in their first trimester of *** significant disruptions to daily routines caused by the pandemic,such as limited exercise options,indicate a possible link between COVID-19 and an increased likelihood of experiencing higher levels of weight gain during ***,individuals in the United States with singleton pregnancies are at a significantly higher risk of excessive gestational weight gain,making this association particularly important to *** comprehensive data is currently lacking,it is important for clinical researchers to explore the possibility of establishing correlations between the stress experienced during the pandemic,its consequences such as gestational gain weight,and the increasing incidence of gestational *** knowledge would contribute to better preventive measures and support for pregnant individuals during challenging times.

关键词： Pregnancy Gestational diabetes Stress Social determinants Pandemic COVID-19 Diabetes type 1 Diabetes type 2 Insulin Diabetes mellitus treatment

Probabilistic Rainfall Thresholds for Landslide Episodes in the Sierra Norte De Puebla, Mexico

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Natural Resources 2017年第3期8卷 254-267页

作者： alejandra González Ernesto Caetano Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City Mexico

The Sierra Norte de Puebla, Mexico, has a record of hundreds of mass removal processes triggered by rainfall, where the intensity and duration of the rain are the main mechanisms. In order to determine threshold values for precipitation as a cause of a landslide, the prior, marginal and conditional probabilities were calculated. A Bayesian method was used for one-dimensional (precipitation intensity) and two-dimensional (precipitation intensity and duration) analysis. This suggested a high probability of mass movement when the precipitation exceeds 60 mm within ten days. A proposed warning system is based on classes in which the threshold is exceeded.

关键词： Processes of Mass Removal Thresholds Probability Bayesian Method Sierra Norte De Puebla

The Effect of the MeV Si-Ion Irradiation on the Photoluminescence of Silicon Nanocrystals

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2013年第2期3卷 119-124页

作者： alejandra López-Suárez Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México D.F. México

Silicon nanocrystals embedded in silicon nitride films were irradiated with Si-ions at 8 MeV in order to modify their optical response. The samples were characterized by means of Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry, Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis, High-Resolution Transmission Electronic Microscopy and Photoluminescence analysis. It was found a blue-shift in the photoluminescence emission from the as-grown films after they were irradiated with high energetic silicon ions. According to the quantum confinement theory, this fact is related to a decrease in size of the silicon nanocrystals, which means that a higher silicon fluence irradiation is related with a diminishing in silicon nanocrystal size.

关键词： Silicon Nitride Silicon Nanocrystals Photoluminescence RBS ERDA

Impact of prehospital medical evacuation (MEDEVAC) transport time on combat mortality in patients with noncompressible torso injury and traumatic amputations: a retrospective study

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Military Medical Research 2019年第1期6卷 23-30页

作者： Joseph K.Maddry Crystal A.Perez alejandra G.Mora Jill D.Lear Shelia C.Savell Vikhyat S.Bebarta US Air Force En route Care Research Center 59th MDW/ST Chief Scientist's Office –US Army Institute of Surgical research JBSA Ft.Sam Houston Department of Emergency Medicine San Antonio Military Medical CenterJBSA Ft. Sam Houston US Air Force En route Care Research Center 59th MDW/ST Chief Scientist's Office –US Army Institute of Surgical researchJBSA Ft.Sam Houston Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine

Background: In combat operations, patients with traumatic injuries require expeditious evacuation to improve survival. Studies have shown that long transport times are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Limited data exist on the influence of transport time on patient outcomes with specific injury types. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of the duration of time from the initial request for medical evacuation to arrival at a medical treatment facility on morbidity and mortality in casualties with traumatic extremity amputation and noncompressible torso injury(NCTI).Methods: We completed a retrospective review of MEDEVAC patient care records for United States military personnel who sustained traumatic amputations and NCTI during Operation Enduring Freedom between January 2011 and March 2014. We grouped patients as traumatic amputation and NCTI(AMP+NCTI), traumatic amputation only(AMP),and neither AMP nor NCTI(Non-AMP/NCTI). Analysis was performed using chi-squared tests, Fisher's exact tests,Cochran-Armitage Trend tests, Shapiro-Wilks tests, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis techniques and Cox proportional hazards regression ***: We reviewed 1267 records, of which 669 had an injury severity score(ISS) of 10 or greater and were included in the analysis. In the study population, 15.5% sustained only amputation injuries(n=104, AMP only), 10.8% sustained amputation and NCTI(n=72, AMP+NCTI), and 73.7% did not sustain either an amputation or an NCTI(n=493,Non-AMP/NCTI). AMP+NCTI had the highest mortality(16.7%) with transport time greater than 60 min. While the AMP+NCTI group had decreasing survival with longer transport times, AMP and Non-AMP/NCTI did not exhibit the same ***: A decreased transport time from the point of injury to a medical treatment facility was associated with decreased mortality in patients who suffered a combination of amputation injury and NCTI. No significant association between transport time

关键词： Transport time Non-compressible torso injury Traumatic amputation Combat