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Confocal-based fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy with a SPAD array detector

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第2期10卷 289-300页

作者： Eli Slenders Marco Castello Mauro Buttafava Federica Villa alberto tosi Luca Lanzanó Sami Valtteri Koho Giuseppe Vicidomini Molecular Microscopy and Spectroscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly Dipartimento di Eiettronica Informazione e BioingegneriaPolitecmco di MilanoMilanItaly Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT lstituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenoaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universita di CataniaCataniaItaly

The combination of confocal laser-scanning microscopy(CLSM)and fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy(FFS)is a powerful tool in studying fast,sub-resolution biomolecular processes in living cells.A detector array can further enhance CLSM-based FFS techniques,as it allows the simultaneous acquisition of several samples-essentially images-of the CLSM detection ***,the detector arrays that have previously been proposed for this purpose require tedious data corrections and preclude the combination of FFS with single-photon techniques,such as fluorescence lifetime ***,we solve these limitations by integrating a novel singie-photon-avalanche-diode(SPAD)array detector in a CLSM *** validate this new implementation on a series of FFS analyses:spot-variation fluorescence correlation spectroscopy,pair-correlation function analysis,and image-derived mean squared displacement *** predict that the unique combination of spatial and temporal information provided by our detector will make the proposed architecture the method of choice for CLSM-based FFS.

关键词： spectroscopy correction integrating

Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRNAs or lncRNA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

Influences of Lower-Mantle Properties on the Formation of Asthenosphere in Oceanic Upper Mantle

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第2期22卷 143-154页

作者： David A Yuen Nicola tosi Ondrej adek Department of Geology and Geophysics and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55415USA Department of Planetary Physics Institute of Planetary ResearchGerman Aerospace Center(DLR)BerlinGermany Department of Geophysics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

Asthenosphere is a venerable concept based on geological intuition of Reginald Daly nearly 100 years ago. There have been various explanations for the existence of the asthenosphere. The concept of a plume-fed asthenosphere has been around for a few years due to the ideas put forth by Yamamoto et al.. Using a two-dimensional Cartesian code based on finite-volume method, we have investigated the influences of lower-mantle physical properties on the formation of a low-viscosity zone in the oceanic upper mantle in regions close to a large mantle upwelUng. The rheological law is Newtonian and depends on both temperature and depth. An extended-Boussinesq model is assumed for the energetics and the olivine to spinel, the spinel to perovskite and perovskite to post-perovskite （ppv） phase transitions are considered. We have compared the differences in the behavior of hot upweilings passing through the transition zone in the mid-mantle for a variety of models, starting with constant physical properties in the lower-mantle and culminating with complex models which have the post-perovskite phase transition and depth-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. We found that the formation of the asthenosphere in the upper mantle in the vicinity of large upwellings is facilitated in models where both depth-dependent thermal expansivity and conductivity are included. Models with constant thermal expansivity and thermal conductivity do not produce a hot low-viscosity zone, resembling the asthenosphere. We have also studied the influences of a cylindrical model and found similar results as the Cartesian model with the important difference that upper-mantle temperatures were much cooler than the Cartesian model by about 600 to 700 K. Our findings argue for the potentially important role played by lower-mantle material properties on the development of a plume-fed asthenosphere in the oceanic upper mantle.

关键词： oceanic asthenosphere lower mantle thermal expansivity thermal conductivity phase transition.

PLANNING OF DYNAMICALLY FEASIBLE TRAJECTORIES FOR TRANSLATIONAL,PLANAR,AND UNDERCONSTRAINED CABLE-DRIVEN ROBOTS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第5期26卷 695-717页

作者： TREVISANI alberto Department of Management and Engineering(DTG) Universita degli Studi di PadovaStradella S.Nicola 336100 VicenzaItaly

Extensively studied since the early nineties,cable-driven robots have attracted the growing interest of the industrial and scientific community due to their desirable and peculiar *** particular,underconstrained and planar cable robots can find application in several fields,and specifically,in the packaging *** planning of dynamically feasible trajectories(i.e.,trajectories along which cable slackness and excessive tensions are avoided) is particularly challenging when dealing with such a topology of cable robots,which rely on gravity to maintain their cables in *** paper,after stressing the current relevance of cable robots,presents an extension and a generalization of a model-based method developed to translate typical cable tension bilateral bounds into intuitive limits on the velocity and acceleration of the robot end effector along a prescribed *** a new formulation of the method is based on a parametric expression of cable *** computed kinematic limits can then be incorporated into any trajectory planning *** method is developed with reference to a hybrid multi-body cable robot topology which can be functionally advantageous but worsen the problem of keeping feasible tensions in the cables both in static and dynamic *** definition of statically feasible workspace is also introduced to identify the positions where static equilibrium can be maintained with feasible ***,some aspects related to the practical implementation of the method are discussed.

关键词： Cable robot dynamically feasible trajectories statically feasible workspace trajectoryplanning.

Three-dimensional single particle tracking using 4π self-interference of temporally phase-shifted fluorescence

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第3期12卷 415-424页

作者： Leanne Maurice alberto Bilenca Biomedical Engineering Department Ben-Gurion University of the Negev1 Ben Gurion BlvdBe’er-Sheva84105Israel Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev1 Ben Gurion BlvdBe’er-Sheva84105Israel

Single particle tracking in three dimensions is an indispensable tool for studying dynamic processes in various disciplines,including material sciences,physics,and biology,but often shows anisotropic three-dimensional spatial localization precision,which restricts the tracking precision,and/or a limited number of particles that can be tracked simultaneously over extended *** we developed an interferometric,three-dimensional fluorescence single particle tracking method based on conventional widefield excitation and temporal phase-shift interference of the emitted,high-aperture-angle,fluorescence wavefronts in a greatly simplified,free-running,triangle interferometer that enables tracking of multiple particles at the same time with<10-nm spatial localization precision in all three dimensions over extended volumes(~35×35×2μm^(3))at video rate(25 Hz).We applied our method to characterize the microenvironment of living cells and up to~40μm deep in soft materials.

关键词： materials particle dimensions

=actors influencing wild boar damage to agricultural crops in Sardinia （Italy）

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 507-514页

作者： Marco LOMBARDINI alberto MERIGGI alberto FOZZL Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 1 27100 Pavia Italy Province of Olbia-Tempio Via A. Nanni 17/19 07026 01bia Italy

Crop damage by wildlife is a frequent source of human-wildlife conflict. Understanding which fac-tors increase the risk of damage is crucial to the development of effective management *** aims of this study were to provide a general description of agricultural damage caused by wildboar Sus scrofa meridionalis over a 7-year period in North-eastern Sardinia （Mediterranean Italy）,and to formulate a predictive model of damage risk. We recorded a total of 221 cases of wild boardamage, with economic losses amounting to 483,982 Euros. Damage events mostly involved vine-yards, meadows and oat fields, and were characterized by a peak incidence in summer and earlyautumn, and a minimum in spring. Damaged fields were characterized by an increasing presenceof permanent crops, a decreasing presence of woodlands, maquis and urban areas, and a reduceddistance from shelter areas （forests and shrublands）. The analysis of spatiotemporal variation ofboar-induced damage and the identification of factors that augment the risk of damage providesessential information for contributing to the development of a more effective plan for managingwild boar populations.

关键词： Human-wildlife conflict, Sus scrofa meridionalis, risk modelling, landscape structure, wild boar management.

Is acute recurrent pancreatitis a chronic disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第7期14卷 995-998页

作者： alberto Mariani Pier alberto Testoni Division of Gastroen-terology & Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Scientific Institute San RaffaeleMilanItaly

Whether acute recurrent pancreatitis is a chronic disease is still debated and a consensus is not still reached as demonstrated by differences in the classification of acute recurrent pancreatitis. There is major evidence for considering alcoholic pancreatitis as a chronic disease ab initio while chronic pancreatitis lesions detectable in biliary acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) seem a casual association. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane con-ductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation, hereditary and obstructive pancreatitis seem an acute disease that progress to chronic pancreatitis, likely as a consequence of the activation and proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells that produce and activate collagen and therefore fibrosis. From the diagnostic point of view, in patients with acute recurrent pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) seems the more reliable technique for an accurate evaluation and follow-up of some ductal and parenchymal abnormalities suspected for early chronic pancreatitis.

关键词： Classification of pancreatitis Acute recurrent pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis Alcoholic pancreatitis Pancreatic stellate cells

New genetic markers for male fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第6期14卷 807-808页

作者： alberto Ferlin Department of Molecular Medicine & Centre for Human Reproduction Pathology University of Padova Padova 35121 Italy

Studies in the last years deFmitively demonstrate the high prevalence of gen- etic causes of spermatogenic impairment. A large proportion of infertile males does not receive a dear diagnosis and are reported as idiopathic or unexplained, also because standard semen analysis cannot clearly distinguish fertile from infertile populations.

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Absolute and relative sea-level rise in the New York City area by measurements from tide gauges and satellite global positioning system

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2021年第1期6卷 54-61页

作者： alberto Boretti College of Engineering Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityAl KhobarSaudi Arabia

The absolute and relative rates of rise of the sea level are computed for the New York City area by coupling global positioning system records of the position of fixed domes nearby tide gauges,with the tide gauges’*** tide gauges are considered,one long-term trend,more reliable,The Battery,in lower Manhattan,and one shorter,less reliable,Sandy Hook,in New *** relative rates of rise of the sea level are+2.851 and+4.076 mm/*** subsidence rates are-2.151 and-3.076 mm/*** absolute rates of rise of the sea level are+0.7 and+1.0 mm/*** relative sea-level acceleration,reliable only in The Battery,is about+0.008 mm/yr².This acceleration is about the same as the world average long-term trend tide gauge,as well as the average long-term trend tide gauge of the East Coast of North *** absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the lower Manhattan area will be likely less than 30 mm,and the absolute rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely less than 80 *** relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2050 in the Manhattan area will be likely 85 mm,and the relative rate of rise of the sea level by 2100 likely 228 mm,because of the overwhelming subsidence contribution.

关键词： Wetland Vertical Development Elevation Capital Thermo-Steric Sea-Level Rise Land Subsidence Tidal Marsh Sustainability Global Positioning System