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Prognostic value of innate and adaptive immunity in colorectal cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期19卷 174-184页

作者： Fabio Grizzi Paolo Bianchi alberto malesci Luigi Laghi Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology Humanitas Clinical and Research Center20089 MilanItaly Division of Gastroenterology Humanitas Clinical and Research Center20089 MilanItaly Department of Translational Medicine University of Milan20089 MilanItaly

Colorectal cancer(CRC) remains one of the major public health problems throughout the *** depicted as a multi-step dynamical disease,CRC develops slowly over several years and progresses through cytologically distinct benign and malignant states,from single crypt lesions through adenoma,to malignant carcinoma with the potential for invasion and *** from histological observations since a long time,it has been recognized that inflammation and immunity actively participate in the pathogenesis,surveillance and progression of *** advent of immunohistochemical techniques and of animal models has improved our understanding of the immune dynamical system in *** is well known that immune cells have variable behavior controlled by complex interactions in the tumor *** in immunology and molecular biology have shown that CRC is immunogenic and that host immune responses influence *** lines of evidence support the concept that tumor stromal cells,are not merely a scaffold,but rather they influence growth,survival,and invasiveness of cancer cells,dynamically contributing to the tumor microenvironment,together with immune *** types of immune cells infiltrate CRC,comprising cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system.A relevant issue is to unravel the discrepancy between the inhibitory effects on cancer growth exerted by the local immune response and the promoting effects on cancer proliferation,invasion,and dissemination induced by some types of inflammatory ***,we sought to discuss the role played by innate and adaptive immune system in the local progression and metastasis of CRC,and the prognostic information that we can currently understand and exploit.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immunity Inflammation Prognosis Metastasis

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Calcium supplementation for the prevention of colorectal adenomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第18期22卷 4594-4603页

作者： Stefanos Bonovas Gionata Fiorino Theodore Lytras alberto malesci Silvio Danese Department of Gastroenterology Humanitas Clinical and Research Center 20089 Rozzano Milan Italy Department of Experimental and Health Sciences Universitat Pompeu Fabra 08003 Barcelona Spain Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology 08003 Barcelona Spain Hellenic Center for Disease Control and Prevention 15123 Athens Greece Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine University of Milan 20129 Milan Italy Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University 20089 Rozzano Milan Italy

AIM: To determine the efficacy of calcium supplementation in reducing the recurrence of colorectal ***: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies. We searched PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and the *** website, through December 2015. Randomized, placebo-controlled trials assessing supplemental calcium intake for the prevention of recurrence of adenomas were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently selected studies based on predefined criteria, extracted data and outcomes (recurrence of colorectal adenomas, and advanced or “high-risk” adenomas), and rated each trial’s risk-of-bias. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed, and pooled risk ratio (RR) estimates with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using fixed- and random-effects models. To express the treatment effect in clinical terms, we calculated the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one adenoma recurrence. We also assessed the quality of evidence using ***: Four randomized, placebo-controlled trials met the eligibility criteria and were included. Daily doses of elemental calcium ranged from 1200 to 2000 mg, while the duration of treatment and follow-up of participants ranged from 36 to 60 mo. Synthesis of intention-to-treat data, for participants who had undergone follow-up colonoscopies, indicated a modest protective effect of calcium in prevention of adenomas (fixed-effects, RR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.82-0.96; random-effects, RR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.77-0.98; high quality of evidence). The NNT was 20 (95%CI: 12-61) to prevent one colorectal adenoma recurrence within a period of 3 to 5 years. On the other hand, the association between calcium treatment and advanced adenomas did not reach statistical significance (fixed-effects, RR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.75-1.13; random-effects, RR = 0.92, 95%CI: 0.71-1.18; moderate quality of evidence).CO

关键词： Calcium Colorectal adenoma Recurrence Cancer chemoprevention Colorectal cancer Systematic review Meta-analysis Polyp

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Narrow-band imaging endoscopy to assess mucosal angiogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease: A pilot study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2396-2400页

作者： Silvio Danese Gionata Fiorino Erika Angelucci Stefania Vetrano Nico Pagano Giacomo Rando Antonino Spinelli alberto malesci Alessandro Repici Division of Gastroenterology IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas Rozzano Milan 20089 Italy Department of Surgery IRCCS Istituto Clinico Humanitas Rozzano Milan 20089 Italy Department of Translational Medicine Univer-sity of Milan Milan 20100 Italy

AIM: To investigate whether narrow band imaging (NBI) is a useful tool for the in vivo detection of angiogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. METHODS: Conventional and NBI colonoscopy was performed in 14 patients with colonic inflammation (8 ulcerative colitis and 6 Crohn’s disease). Biopsy samples were taken and CD31 expression was assayed immuno- histochemically; microvascular density was assessed by vessel count. RESULTS: In areas that were endoscopically normal but positive on NBI, there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in angiogenesis (12 ± 1 vessels/field vs 18 ± 2 vessels/field) compared with areas negative on NBI. In addition, in areas that were inflamed on white light endoscopy and positive on NBI, there was a significant (P < 0.01) increase in vessel density (24 ± 7 vessels/f ield) compared with NBI-negative ***: NBI may allow in vivo imaging of intestinal angiogenesis in IBD patients.

关键词： Narrow-band imaging Angiogenesis Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

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Open label trial of granulocyte apheresis suggests therapeutic efficacy in chronically active steroid refractory ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第44期11卷 7001-7006页

作者： Wolfgang Kruis Axel Dignass Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen Julia Morgenstern Joachim M(o|¨)ssner Stephan Schreiber Maurizio Vecchi alberto malesci Max Reinshagen Robert L(o|¨)fberg Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk Medizinische Klinik für Hepatologie und Gastroenterologie Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Ⅱ Medizinische Klinik Dep of Int Medicine IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico Istituto Clinico Humanitas Innere Medizin Karolinska Institute at the IBD unit

AIM： To study the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of a granulocyte adsorptive type apheresis system for the treatment of patients with chronically active ulcerative colitis despite standard therapy. METHODS： An open label multicenter study was carried out in 39 patients with active ulcerative colitis （CAI 6-8） despite continuous use of steroids （a minimum total dose of 400 mg prednisone within the last 4 wk）. Patients received a total of five aphereses using a granulocyte adsorptive technique （Adacolumn, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Europe, UK）. Assessments at wk 6 and during follow-up until 4 mo comprised clinical （CAI） and endoscopic （EI） activity index, histology, quality of life （IBDQ）, and laboratory tests. RESULTS： Thirty-five out of thirty-nine patients were qualified for intent-to-treat analysis. After the apheresis treatment at wk 6, 13/35 （37.1%） patients achieved clinical remission and 10/35 （28.6%） patients had endoscopic remission （CAI〈4, EI〈4）. Quality of life （IBDQ） increased significantly （24 points, P〈0.01） at wk 6. Apheresis could be performed in all but one patient. Aphereses were well tolerated, only one patient experienced anemia. CONCLUSION： In patients with steroid refractory ulcerative colitis, five aphereses with a granulocyte/ monocyte depleting filter show potential short-term efficacy. Tolerability and technical feasibility of the procedure are excellent.

关键词： Steroid Refractory colitis Ulcerative colitis Granulocyte Apheresis

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Balanced propofol sedation administered by nonanesthesiologists:The first Italian experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第33期17卷 3818-3823页

作者： Alessandro Repici Nico Pagano Cesare Hassan Alessandra Carlino Giacomo Rando Giuseppe Strangio Fabio Romeo Angelo Zullo Elisa Ferrara Eva Vitetta Daniel de Paula Pessoa Ferreira Silvio Danese Massimo Arosio alberto malesci Department of Gastroenterology IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMilanItaly Department of Anaesthesiology IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMilanItaly

AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of a balanced approach using midazolam in combination with propofol,administered by nonanesthesiologists,in a large series of diagnostic ***:Consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy were sedated with a single dose of midazolam(0.05 mg/kg)and lowdose propofol(starter bolus of 0.5 mg/kg and repeated boluses of 10 to 20 mg).Induction time and deepest level of sedation,adverse and serious adverse events,as well as recovery times,were prospectively *** intubation and adenoma detection rates were also ***:Overall,1593 eligible patients were *** median dose of propofol administered was 70 mg(range:40120 mg),and the median dose of midazolam was 2.3 mg(range:24 mg).Median induction time of sedation was 3 min(range:14 min),and median recovery time was 23 min(range:1040 min).A moderate level of sedation was achieved in 1561(98%) patients,whilst a deep sedation occurred in 32(2%) *** oxygen desaturation requiring further oxygen supplementation occurred in 8(0.46%;95% CI:0.2%0.8%)*** serious adverse event was *** intubation and adenoma detection rates were 93.5%and 23.4%(27.8%for male and 18.5%for female,subjects),***:A balanced sedation protocol provided a minimalization of the dose of propofol needed to target a moderate sedation for colonoscopy,resulting in a high safety profile for nonanesthesiologist propofol sedation.

关键词： Colonoscopy Propofol Sedation

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Astrocytes, reactive astrogliosis, and glial scar formation in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 973-989页

作者： María Belén Cieri alberto Javier Ramos Laboratorio de Neuropatología Molecular IBCN UBA-CONICETFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Traumatic brain injury is a global health crisis,causing significant death and disability *** that follows traumatic brain injury has serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive impairments,with astrocytes involved in this *** traumatic brain injury,astrocytes rapidly become reactive,and astrogliosis propagates from the injury core to distant brain *** astroglial proteins are downregulated near the traumatic brain injury core,while pro-inflammatory astroglial genes are *** altered gene expression is considered a pathological remodeling of astrocytes that produces serious consequences for neuronal survival and cognitive *** addition,glial scar formed by reactive astrocytes is initially necessary to limit immune cell infiltration,but in the long term impedes axonal reconnection and functional *** therapeutic strategies for traumatic brain injury are focused on preventing acute ***,cannabinoids,progesterone,beta-blockers,and cerebrolysin demonstrate neuroprotective benefits but most of them have not been studied in the context of *** this review,we discuss the cell signaling pathways activated in reactive astrocytes following traumatic brain injury and we discuss some of the potential new strategies aimed to modulate astroglial responses in traumatic brain injury,especially using cell-targeted strategies with miRNAs or lncRNA,viral vectors,and repurposed drugs.

关键词： astrocyte glial scar innate immunity neuroinflammation stab injury Toll-like receptors

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PLANNING OF DYNAMICALLY FEASIBLE TRAJECTORIES FOR TRANSLATIONAL,PLANAR,AND UNDERCONSTRAINED CABLE-DRIVEN ROBOTS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2013年第5期26卷 695-717页

作者： TREVISANI alberto Department of Management and Engineering(DTG) Universita degli Studi di PadovaStradella S.Nicola 336100 VicenzaItaly

Extensively studied since the early nineties,cable-driven robots have attracted the growing interest of the industrial and scientific community due to their desirable and peculiar *** particular,underconstrained and planar cable robots can find application in several fields,and specifically,in the packaging *** planning of dynamically feasible trajectories(i.e.,trajectories along which cable slackness and excessive tensions are avoided) is particularly challenging when dealing with such a topology of cable robots,which rely on gravity to maintain their cables in *** paper,after stressing the current relevance of cable robots,presents an extension and a generalization of a model-based method developed to translate typical cable tension bilateral bounds into intuitive limits on the velocity and acceleration of the robot end effector along a prescribed *** a new formulation of the method is based on a parametric expression of cable *** computed kinematic limits can then be incorporated into any trajectory planning *** method is developed with reference to a hybrid multi-body cable robot topology which can be functionally advantageous but worsen the problem of keeping feasible tensions in the cables both in static and dynamic *** definition of statically feasible workspace is also introduced to identify the positions where static equilibrium can be maintained with feasible ***,some aspects related to the practical implementation of the method are discussed.

关键词： Cable robot dynamically feasible trajectories statically feasible workspace trajectoryplanning.

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Three-dimensional single particle tracking using 4π self-interference of temporally phase-shifted fluorescence

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第3期12卷 415-424页

作者： Leanne Maurice alberto Bilenca Biomedical Engineering Department Ben-Gurion University of the Negev1 Ben Gurion BlvdBe’er-Sheva84105Israel Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev1 Ben Gurion BlvdBe’er-Sheva84105Israel

Single particle tracking in three dimensions is an indispensable tool for studying dynamic processes in various disciplines,including material sciences,physics,and biology,but often shows anisotropic three-dimensional spatial localization precision,which restricts the tracking precision,and/or a limited number of particles that can be tracked simultaneously over extended *** we developed an interferometric,three-dimensional fluorescence single particle tracking method based on conventional widefield excitation and temporal phase-shift interference of the emitted,high-aperture-angle,fluorescence wavefronts in a greatly simplified,free-running,triangle interferometer that enables tracking of multiple particles at the same time with<10-nm spatial localization precision in all three dimensions over extended volumes(~35×35×2μm^(3))at video rate(25 Hz).We applied our method to characterize the microenvironment of living cells and up to~40μm deep in soft materials.

关键词： materials particle dimensions

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=actors influencing wild boar damage to agricultural crops in Sardinia （Italy）

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Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 507-514页

作者： Marco LOMBARDINI alberto MERIGGI alberto FOZZL Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pavia Via Ferrata 1 27100 Pavia Italy Province of Olbia-Tempio Via A. Nanni 17/19 07026 01bia Italy

Crop damage by wildlife is a frequent source of human-wildlife conflict. Understanding which fac-tors increase the risk of damage is crucial to the development of effective management *** aims of this study were to provide a general description of agricultural damage caused by wildboar Sus scrofa meridionalis over a 7-year period in North-eastern Sardinia （Mediterranean Italy）,and to formulate a predictive model of damage risk. We recorded a total of 221 cases of wild boardamage, with economic losses amounting to 483,982 Euros. Damage events mostly involved vine-yards, meadows and oat fields, and were characterized by a peak incidence in summer and earlyautumn, and a minimum in spring. Damaged fields were characterized by an increasing presenceof permanent crops, a decreasing presence of woodlands, maquis and urban areas, and a reduceddistance from shelter areas （forests and shrublands）. The analysis of spatiotemporal variation ofboar-induced damage and the identification of factors that augment the risk of damage providesessential information for contributing to the development of a more effective plan for managingwild boar populations.

关键词： Human-wildlife conflict, Sus scrofa meridionalis, risk modelling, landscape structure, wild boar management.

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Is acute recurrent pancreatitis a chronic disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第7期14卷 995-998页

作者： alberto Mariani Pier alberto Testoni Division of Gastroen-terology & Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Scientific Institute San RaffaeleMilanItaly

Whether acute recurrent pancreatitis is a chronic disease is still debated and a consensus is not still reached as demonstrated by differences in the classification of acute recurrent pancreatitis. There is major evidence for considering alcoholic pancreatitis as a chronic disease ab initio while chronic pancreatitis lesions detectable in biliary acute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) seem a casual association. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane con-ductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation, hereditary and obstructive pancreatitis seem an acute disease that progress to chronic pancreatitis, likely as a consequence of the activation and proliferation of pancreatic stellate cells that produce and activate collagen and therefore fibrosis. From the diagnostic point of view, in patients with acute recurrent pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) seems the more reliable technique for an accurate evaluation and follow-up of some ductal and parenchymal abnormalities suspected for early chronic pancreatitis.

关键词： Classification of pancreatitis Acute recurrent pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis Alcoholic pancreatitis Pancreatic stellate cells

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