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Translating translational research： mouse models of human disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第5期10卷 373-374页

作者： Amanda M Burkhardt albert Zlotnik Department of Physiology and Biophysics School of Medicine University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA Institute for Immunology University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA

Translational research has become increasingly popular in recent *** the field of medical research, ani- mal models are considered valuable research tools that provide insight into the complex world of human diseases. Inbred animals eliminate several of the challenges of human studies and allow researchers to conduct disease research on, arguably, the most controlled model system possible. The ease with which ani- mal models allow us to advance research often leads us to ignore the possibility that these studies may only provide limited translational potential to humans.

关键词： Translating translational mouse models human disease

Cardiogenic shock:approaching the truth

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第2期19卷 95-97页

作者： Isaac Llaó albert Ariza-Solé Cardiology Department Intensive Cardiac Care UnitBellvitge University HospitalL’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain

Cardiogenic shock(CS)is a severe clinical condition characterized initially by reduced cardiac output with abnormal organ perfusion which commonly leads to a multiorgan *** expansion of cardiac critical care units,development of reperfusion networks and progress of mechanical circulatory support(MCS),mortality of CS due to acute myocardial infarction(AMI)remains as high as 40%−50%.[1]Clinical outcomes in non-AMI patients are less established but remains similarly disappointing.

关键词： cardiac mortality acute

Single-walled carbon nanotube networks for ethanol vapor sensing applications

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Nano research 2013年第2期6卷 77-86页

作者： Ilya V. Anoshkint albert G. Nasibulin Prasantha r. Mudimela Maoshuai He Vladimir Ermolov Eskol. Kauppinen Department of Applied Physics Aalto University School of Science P.O. Box 15100 Espoo F1-00076 AALTO Finland research Center in Physics of Matter and radiation (PMr) University of Namur (FUNDP) rue de Bruxelles 61 B-5000 Namur Belgium Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology Aalto University School of Chemical Technology P.O. Box 16100 F1-00076 Aalto Finland Nokia research Center Helsinki Finland

Networks of pristine high quality single walled carbon nanotubes （SWNTs）, the SWNTs after Ar-plasma treatment （from 2 to 12 rain） and carbon nanobuds （CNBs） have been tested for ethanol vapor sensing. It was found that the pristine high quality SWNTs do not exhibit any ethanol sensitivity, while the introduction of defects in the tubes results in the appearance of the ethanol sensitivity. The CNB network showed ethanol sensitivity without plasma treatment. Both CNB and low defect （after 3 min treatment） SWNT networks exhibit significant drift in the resistance baseline, while heavily plasma-treated （9 min） SWNTs exhibited high ethanol vapor sensitivity without the baseline change. The mechanisms of the ethanol sensitivity and stability after the plasma irradiation are attributed to the formation of sensitive dangling bonds in the SWNTs and formation of defect channels facilitating access of the ethanol vapor to all parts of the bundled nanotubes.

关键词： single walled carbonnanotubes carbon nanobuds At-plasma ethanol vapor sensor

Nonlinear increase,invisibility,and sign inversion of a localized fs-laser-induced refractive index change in crystals and glasses

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1398-1409页

作者： Jerome Lapointe Jean-Philippe Berube Yannick Ledemi albert Dupont Vincent Fortin Younes Messaddeq real Vallee Centre d’Optique Photonique et Laser2375 Rue de la TerrasseUniversite LavalG1V 0A6 QuebecQCCanada

Multiphoton absorption via ultrafast laser focusing is the only technology that allows a three-dimensional structural modification of transparent ***,the magnitude of the refractive index change is rather limited,preventing the technology from being a tool of choice for the manufacture of compact photonic integrated *** propose to address this issue by employing a femtosecond-laser-induced electronic band-gap shift(FLIBGS),which has an exponential impact on the refractive index change for propagating wavelengths approaching the material electronic resonance,as predicted by the Kramers–Kronig *** by theoretical calculations,based on a modified Sellmeier equation,the Tauc law,and waveguide bend loss calculations,we experimentally show that several applications could take advantage of this ***,we demonstrate waveguide bends down to a submillimeter radius,which is of great interest for higher-density integration of fs-laser-written quantum and photonic *** also demonstrate that the refractive index contrast can be switched from negative to positive,allowing direct waveguide inscription in ***,the effect of the FLIBGS can compensate for the fs-laser-induced negative refractive index change,resulting in a zero refractive index change at specific wavelengths,paving the way for new invisibility applications.

关键词： waveguide millimeter refractive

Defect detection in atomic-resolution images via unsupervised learning with translational invariance

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1640-1648页

作者： Yueming Guo Sergei V.Kalinin Hui Cai Kai Xiao Sergiy Krylyuk albert V.Davydov Qianying Guo Andrew r.Lupini Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Crystallographic defects can now be routinely imaged at atomic resolution with aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM)at high speed,with the potential for vast volumes of data to be acquired in relatively short times or through autonomous experiments that can continue over very long *** detection and classification of defects in the STEM images are needed in order to handle the data in an efficient ***,like many other tasks related to object detection and identification in artificial intelligence,it is challenging to detect and identify defects from STEM ***,it is difficult to deal with crystal structures that have many atoms and low *** methods used for defect detection and classification were based on supervised learning,which requires human-labeled *** this work,we develop an approach for defect detection with unsupervised machine learning based on a one-class support vector machine(OCSVM).We introduce two schemes of image segmentation and data preprocessing,both of which involve taking the Patterson function of each segment as *** demonstrate that this method can be applied to various defects,such as point and line defects in 2D materials and twin boundaries in 3D nanocrystals.

关键词： handle resolution image

Spike in phytoplankton biomass in Greenland Sea during 2009 and the correlations among chlorophyll-a,aerosol optical depth and ice cover

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2014年第2期32卷 241-254页

作者：瞿波 albert J. GABrIC 路海浪林道荣 School of Science Nantong University School of Environment Griffith University

The distributions and correlations of chlorophyll-a(Chl-a),aerosol optical depth(AOD)and ice cover in the southeast Arctic Ocean-Greenland Sea(10°W–10°E,70°–80°N)between 2003 and 2009 were studied using satellite data and statistical *** analysis showed correlations between Chl-a and AOD,Chl-a and ice cover,and AOD and ice cover with different time *** time lag of Chl-a and AOD indicated their long-term equilibrium *** in AOD and Chl-a and generally occurred in May and July,*** the time lag,the correlation between Chl-a and AOD in the study region was as high as *** peak gap between Chl-a and AOD shifted for about 6 weeks during 2003–*** the summer and autumn of 2009,Chl-a and AOD levels were much higher than during the other years,especially in the northern band of the study region(75°–80°N).The driving forces for this localized increase in phytoplankton biomass could be mainly attributed to the very high rate of ice melting in spring and early summer and the high wind speed in autumn,together with the increased deposition of aerosol throughout the *** unusually high AOD in the spring of 2003 was mainly due to a massive fi re in russia,which occurred in the fi rst half of the *** the 7 years of the study,the sea surface temperature generally *** may have been due to the release of dimethylsulfi de into the air,excreted in large amounts from abundant phytoplankton biomass,and its subsequent reaction,form large amounts of aerosol,and resulting in regional cooling.

关键词： phytoplankton biomass aerosol optical depth (AOD) ice cover wind speed Arctic Ocean

A histone tale that enCOMPASSes pausing:new insights into the functional repertoire of H3K4me3

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第8期8卷 3555-3557页

作者： Thomas K.albert Kornelius Kerl Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology University Children’s Hospital MuensterMuensterGermany

A recently published study in Nature provides compelling evidence for the involvement of the histone H3K4me3 modification in regulating rNA polymerase II(Pol II)pause-release and elongation.1 The expansion of the functional repertoire of this active chromatin mark and the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind it represents a major advance for the field,not least because the epigenetic factors involved are linked to a wide range of human *** term epigenetics derives from the Greek prefix“epi”and describes an inheritable regulatory state that manifests itself beyond the mere genetic information encoded in the DNA.

关键词： involvement functional insight

Effect of endothelin-1 receptor antagonists on histological and ultrastructural changes in the pancreas and trypsinogen activation in the early course of caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1115-1121页

作者： Anna Andrzejewska Jan W.Dlugosz albert Augustynowicz Department of Medical Pathomorphology Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine

AIM: To assess the effect of non-selective ETA/B (LU 302872)and selective ETA (LU 302146) antagonist on pancreatic histology and ultrastructure of acinar cells in connection with trypsinogen activation in early caerulein-induced ***: Male Wistar rats with caerulein-induced AP,lasting 4 h, were treated i.p. with 10 and 20 mg/kg *** each antagonist. Edema, inflammatory infiltration,necrosis and vacuolization of acinar cells in the pancreas were scored at 0-3 scale. Free active trypsin (FAT), total potential trypsin (TPT) after activation with enterokinase,and index of trypsinogen activation (%FAT/TPT) were assayed in pancreatic ***: In untreated AP, the edema, inflammatory infiltration, necrosis and vacuolization increased as compared to control healthy rats (P＜0.01). None of the treatment exerted any meaningful effect on the edema and inflammatory infiltration. The selective antagonist increased slightly the necrosis score to 0.82±0.06 at higher dose (P＜0.05) vs 0.58±0.06 in untreated AP. The nonselective antagonist increased slightly the vacuolization score to 2.41±0.07 at higher dose (P＜0.01) vs 1.88±0.08in untreated AP. The decrease in the number of zymogen granules, disorganization of endoplasmic reticulum,autophagosomes and cytoplasmic vacuoles were more prominent in treated AP than in untreated AP groups.%FAT/TPT in untreated AP increased about four times (18.4±3.8 vs4.8±1.3 in control group without AP, P＜0.001).Treatment of AP with both antagonists did not affect significantly augmented trypsinogen ***: The treatment with endothelin-1 receptors (non-selective ETA/B and selective ETA) antagonists has essential effect neither on the edema and inflammatory infiltration nor on trypsinogen activation observed in the early course of caerulein-induced AP. Nevertheless a slight increase of the necrosis and vacuolization score and some of the ultrastructural data could suggest the possibility of their undesired effects in cae

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Caerulein Endothelin-1 receptors antagonists Ultrastructure Trypsin

Studies on Physical Chemistry of rubber-rice Husk Ash Composites

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Journal of renewable Materials 2019年第2期7卷 171-192页

作者： V.Subrahmanian M.albert Noble Einstien Department of rubber and Plastics Technology Anna UniversityMIT CampusChrompetINDIA 60044 Master of Technology Rubber and Plastics DepartmentAnna UniversityMIT Campus

Nowadays an alternate source of filler from renewable and plant derivatives are being thought of in rubber industries due to their reliability,environmental and economic *** Husk Ash(rHA)a byproduct of the rice milling industry is obtained on partial and as well as full combustion of the rice *** ash is a good source of silica,silicates and needle shaped carbon and hence can be used as filler for *** the present study,a detailed investigation was carried out to understand the rHA as reinforcing material using mechanical properties and fractography using *** rubbers studied were natural rubber(Nr),poly chloroprene(Cr)and ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM).Interestingly,the rHA added Nr stock on open mill mixing generated considerable amount of static *** properties of Nr were found to be as good as regular *** compounds behaved well during *** the properties were found to be ***-rHA compounds were found to result in higher viscosity and the properties were not as *** SEM studies showed surprisingly cohesive failure as evidenced with the presence of flow lines and the fibrous filler(rHA)remains embedded in the matrix regardless of the chemistry of the repeating unit,Nr,EPDM and the chlorine containing monomer inCr.

关键词： rice husk ash rubber composites natural rubber polychloroprene rubber EPDM Mooney Scorch SEM fractography