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Comparison Between Early and Late 21stC phytoplankton Biomass and Dimethylsulfide Flux in the Subantarctic Southern Ocean

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journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第1期19卷 151-160页

作者： QU Bo albert jGABRIC jIANG Limei LI Chunyue School of Science Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China School of Environment and Science Griffith UniversityNathan Qld 4111Australia Nantong Chong Chuan School Nantong 226000China Marketing Thermo Fisher ScientificShanghai 201206China

Time-series of chlorophyll-a(ChL),a proxy for phytoplankton biomass,and various satellite-derived climate indicators are compared in a region of the Subantarctic Southern Ocean(40°-60°S,110°-140°E)for years *** reached a minimum in winter(june)and a maximum in late summer(early February).Zonal mean ChL decreased towards the *** sea surface temperature(SST)ranged between 8℃and 15℃and peaked in late *** and SST were positively correlated from March to june,negatively correlated from july to *** and wind speed(WIND)were negatively correlated with peak WIND occurred in *** direction(WIRD)was mostly in the southwest to westerly *** Antarctic Oscillation index(AAO)and ChL were negatively correlated(R=−0.58),indicating that as synoptic wind systems move southwards,ChL increases,and conversely when wind systems move northwards,ChL decreases.A genetic algorithm is used to calibrate the biogeochemical DMS model’s key *** 4×CO2(after year 2100)Regional mean SST increases 12%-17%,WIND increases 1.2ms−1,Cloud Cover increases 4.8%and mixed layer depth(MLD)decreases *** annual ChL increases 6.3%.The annual mean DMS flux increase 25.2%,increases 37%from day 1 to day 280 and decrease 3%from day 288 to day *** general increase of DMS flux under 4×CO2 conditions indicates the Subantarctic regional climate would be affected by changes in the DMS flux,with the potential for a cooling effect in the austral summer and autumn.

关键词： wind speed phytoplankton dimethylsulfide flux climate change subantarctic Southern Ocean

pedestrian walking speed at un-signalized midblock crosswalk and its impact on urban street segment performance

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journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第1期8卷 57-69页

作者： albert Forde janice Daniel Division of Statewide planning New Jersey Department of TransportationTrentonNJ 08625USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ 07102USA

The Urban Street Segment Chapter of the highway Capacity Manual(hCM)includes a methodology for evaluating the level of service urban street segments provide to automobile *** methodology does not account for pedestrian activity at un-signalized midblock crosswalk on an urban street *** activity at un-signalized midblock crosswalk on urban street segments causes friction conditions between automobiles and *** a consequence,the average time it takes vehicles to travel along the segment is *** segment running time decreases both the travel speed of automobiles and the level of service provided to automobile *** is an inverse relationship between the delay incurred by interrupted vehicles and the speeds at which pedestrians walk while crossing at *** account for this delay,there is a need to investigate pedestrian walking speeds at un-signalized midblock *** study measured pedestrian walking speeds by age-group at two un-signalized midblock crosswalks on urban street *** first objective of this paper is to perform statistical analyses to examine the measured free-flow pedestrian walking *** second objective is to demonstrate how the findings of this study can be incorporated into the Urban Street Segment Analysis Chapter of the *** walking speeds were recorded and analyzed for 2937 *** results show teenagers walk at an average speed of 1.45 m/s,young adults walk at an average speed of 1.55 m/s,middle age pedestrians walk at a speed of 1.45 m/s,older pedestrians walk at speed of 1.09 m/s,and elderly or physically disabled pedestrians walk at a speed of 1.04 m/s.

关键词： Midblock pedestrian Walking speed hCM Urban Street

Elevated 5-hydroxymethycytosine and cell apoptosis induced by tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone in mouse embryonic stem cells

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 1-4页

作者： albert Zuehlke hongquan Zhang Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2G3Canada

pentachlorophenol（pCp）has been extensively used as a fungicide,bactericide,herbicide,*** and insecticide worldwide（Ahlborg and Thunberg,1980：Choudhury et al.,1986）.Although pCp is primarily used as a preservative for wood and wood products,it has been also used in a variety of other products,including adhesives,construction materials,leather and paper.

关键词： Tetrachloro-1 4-benzoquinone (TCBQ) DNA methylation 5-hydroxymethylcytosine(5hmC) Apoptosis Stem cells

Regulation of expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes by oncogenic signaling pathways in liver tumors: a review

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Acta pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第1期10卷 113-122页

作者： albert Braeuning Michael Schwarz German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment Dept.Food SafetyBerlin 10589Germany Eberhard Karls University of Tu¨bingen Inst.of Pharmacology and ToxicologyDept.of ToxicologyTu¨bingen 72074Germany

Mutations in genes encoding key players in oncogenic signaling pathways trigger specific downstream gene expression profiles in the respective tumor cell *** regulation of genes related to cell growth,survival,and death has been extensively studied,much less is known on the regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes(DMEs)by oncogenic ***,a comprehensive review of the available literature is presented summarizing the impact of the most relevant genetic alterations in human and rodent liver tumors on the expression of DMEs with a focus on phasesⅠandⅡof xenobiotic *** few data are available with respect to DME regulation by p53-dependent signaling,telomerase expression or altered chromatin *** contrast,DME regulation by constitutive activation of oncogenic signaling via the RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase(MApK)cascade or via the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway has been analyzed in greater depth,demonstrating mostly positive-regulatory effects of WNT/β-catenin signaling and negativeregulatory effects of MApK *** studies have revealed molecular interactions between oncogenic signaling and nuclear xeno-sensing receptors which underlie the observed alterations in DME expression in liver *** of altered DME expression and inducibility in liver tumors with a specific gene expression profile may impact pharmacological treatment options.

关键词： Xenobiotic metabolism hepatocytes WNT/b-catenin signaling RAS/MApK signaling Gene mutation Cytochrome p450

ON ThE DIFFUSION phENOMENON OF QUASILINEAR hYpERBOLIC WAVES

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2000年第1期21卷 63-70页

作者： YANG hAN albert MILANI Department of Applied Mathematics South West Jiaotong University610031 ChengduChina Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin—M ilwaukeeMilwaukeeWisconsin 53201USA

The authors consider the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the quasilinear hyperbolic equation with linear damping u_(tt)+u_(t)-div(a(u)u)=0,and show that,at least when n≥3,they tend,as t-+∞,to those of the nonlinear parabolic equation v_t-div(a(v)v)=0,in the sense that the norm||u(.,t)-v(.,t)||_(L∞(R^n))of the difference u-v decays faster than that of either u or *** provides another example of the diffusion phenomenon of nonlinear hyperbolic waves,first observed by hsiao,*** Liu Taiping(see[1,2]).

关键词： Asymptotic behavior of solutions Quasilinear hyperbolic and parabolic equations Diffusion phenomenon

Old and new concepts based on coherent structures for understanding sediment transport

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International journal of Sediment Research 2011年第3期26卷 376-384页

作者： albert GYR Inst.of hydromechanics and Water Resources Management Swiss Federal Institute of TechnologyCH-8093Swiss

Coherent structures develop due to an instability process on smooth beds under turbulent flow conditions and they are relevant for the incipient motion of fine sand *** flow structures were found to be relevant for the sediment transport under rough wall conditions,but an instability process could not explain *** this article we show that rough walls produce a new class of A-vortices,these vortices develop from separations on the grains,and are new relevant flow structures.

关键词： Sediment transport Incipient motion Coherent structures Turbulence Separations

Co-design of ESD protection and UWB RF front-end ICs

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2011年第10期54卷 2209-2220页

作者： WANG albert Department of Electrical Engineering University of CaliforniaRiverside 92521USA

This paper discusses critical aspects for co-design of ultra wideband (UWB) system-on-chip (SoC) and on-chip electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection,which are beyond the considerations on data rate and *** radio UWB system architecture has been defined with critical building blocks proposed and verified,including pulse generator,transmitter,low noise amplifier (LNA) and multiplier based *** protection is well considered for each related *** examples have been implemented in a commercial RFCMOS processes to demonstrate the working principles for key UWB transmitter and receiver circuit ***-ESD co-design techniques,simulation and measurement results for these UWB RF modules are presented in detail.

关键词： UWB impulse radio pulse generator BpSK modulation transmitter LNA multiplier correlator ESD protection co-design

On the material dependence of experimental shear fracture orientation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第12期58卷 2357-2362页

作者： Enrique GOMEZ-RIVAS albert GRIERA Department of Geology and petroleum Geology School of Geosciences King’s College University of Aberdeen Departament de Geologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

It is not uncommon to observe shear fractures in ductile rocks oriented at more than 45° with respect to the maximum compression direction. Since these orientations cannot be explained with the classic Mohr-Coulumb or Tresca yield criteria, Zheng et al.(journal of Structural Geology, 35: 1394–1405, 2011) proposed the maximum effective moment(MEM) failure criterion. This rule suggests that shear fractures in ductile rocks form at ?55° with the maximum compression axis and that this orientation is material-independent and, therefore, universal. Zheng et al.(Science China: Earth Sciences, 57(11): 2819–2824, 2014) used data from our own experiments as supporting evidence of their failure criterion. In this contribution we discuss why shear fracture formation in ductile rocks indeed strongly depends on the mechanical properties of the deforming medium, and why experimental data should not be taken to prove the validity of the MEM criterion. The formation mechanisms and orientations of shear fractures in our experiments significantly vary depending on the material strength and degree and type of anisotropy(composite and intrinsic). We therefore demonstrate using experimental data that a universal failure angle in ductile and anisotropic rocks does not apply. Additionally, we highlight some inconsistencies of the MEM criterion.

关键词： shear fracture anisotropy fracture orientation material properties failure criteria ductile deformation

highly efficient GaAs solar cells by limiting light emission angle

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 236-241页

作者： Emily D Kosten jackson h Atwater james parsons albert polman harry A Atwater Thomas j.Watson Laboratories of Applied physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125 USA Center for Nanophotonics FOM-Institute AMOLFScience Park 1041098XG AmsterdamThe Netherlands

In a conventional flat plate solar cell under direct sunlight,light is received from the solar disk,but is re-emitted *** isotropic emission corresponds to a significant entropy increase in the solar cell,with a corresponding drop in ***,using a detailed balance model,we show that limiting the emission angle of a high-quality GaAs solar cell is a feasible route to achieving power conversion efficiencies above 38%with a single *** highest efficiencies are predicted for a thin,light trapping cell with an ideal back reflector,though the scheme is robust to a non-ideal back *** with a conventional planar cell geometry illustrates that limiting emission angle in a light trapping geometry not only allows for much thinner cells,but also for significantly higher overall efficiencies with an excellent rear ***,we present ray-tracing and detailed balance analysis of two angular coupler designs,show that significant efficiency improvements are possible with these couplers,and demonstrate initial fabrication of one coupler design.

关键词： detailed balance GaAs solar cell light trapping photovoltaics two photon lithography