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Phosphorylation-driven aggregative proteins in neurodegenerative diseases:implications and therapeutics

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 966-968页

作者： alba Espargaró Raimon Sabate Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry School of PharmacyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institute of nanoscience and nanotechnology(In2UB) University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Protein aggregation is related to a large number of neurodegenerative disorders.Particularly in some cases,aggregation is induced by hyperphosphorylation of a given protein.This is the case of tau,TAR DnA-binding protein 43(TDP-43),amyloid-beta peptides(Aβ)and alpha-synuclein(α-syn),which play a key pathogenic role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease(PD)and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,among others(Tenreiro et al.,2014;Chiti and Dobson,2017).In this perspective,we will discuss both the relationship between phosphorylation and amyloid aggregation as well as current and future therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting specific kinases involved in the phosphorylation step or inhibiting subsequent protein aggregation.

关键词： tau Aβ Alzheimer

Bowel function and inflammation: Is motility the other side of the coin?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1963-1967页

作者： alba Panarese Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department of Medical SciencesCentral Hospital-Azienda OspedalieraTaranto 74123Italy

Digestion and intestinal absorption allow the body to sustain itself and are the emblematic functions of the bowel.On the flip side,functions also arise from its role as an interface with the environment.Indeed,the gut houses microorganisms,collectively known as the gut microbiota,which interact with the host,and is the site of complex immune activities.Its role in human pathology is complex and scientific evidence is progressively elucidating the functions of the gut,especially regarding the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal diseases and inflammatory conditions affecting various organs and systems.This editorial aims to highlight and relate the factors involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic inflammation.

关键词： Motility Inflammation Pathogenesis Vitamin D Microbiota Gut Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the management of urinary stones: new concepts and techniques to improve outcomes

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 143-148页

作者： Pilar Bahilo-Mateu Alberto Budia-alba Lithotripsy and Endourology Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain Lithotripsy and Endourology Unit Urology DepartmentLa Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain

Objective: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) currently plays an important role in the treatment of urinary tract lithiasis. The purpose of this article was to describe new concepts and procedural strategies that would improve results using SWL as a treatment for urolithiasis, thereby achieving better clinical practice.Methods: A systematic review process was carried in PubMed/PMC from January 2003 to March 2023. A narrative synthesis of the most important aspects has been made.Results: The important recommendations for the adequate selection of the candidate patient for treatment with SWL are summarized, as well as the new strategies for a better application of the technique. Aspects about intraoperative position, stone localization and monitoring, analgesic control, machine and energy settings, and measures aiming at reduced risk of complications are described.Conclusion: To achieve the therapeutic goal of efficient stone disintegration without increasing the risk of complications, it is necessary to make an adequate selection of patients and to pay special attention to several important factors in the application of treatment. Technological development in later generation devices will help to improve current SWL results.

关键词： Lithotripsy Extracorporeal shockwave Stone disease Treatment Urinary stone

Dielectric and physico-chemical behavior of single thermally thick wood blocks under microwave assisted pyrolysis

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 291-303页

作者： nicole Vorhauer-Huget Jakob Seidenbecher Supriya Bhaskaran Francesca Schenkel Lucas Briest Suresh Gopalkrishna Jan Barowski Andrea Dernbecher Liane Hilfert Ilona Rolfes alba Dieguez-Alonso Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Universitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Microwave SystemsUniversitatsstraβe 15044801BochumGermany

Pyrolysis of thermally thick beech wood blocks with a size of around 2.5×8×6 cm^(3)(width×length×height)was carried out in a lab scale microwave reactor with a frequency of 2.45 GHz,operated,both,at 300 W and 600 W under inert conditions,using n_(2) at around 400 mbar absolute pressure.The microwave cavity had a size of 20×20×20 cm^(3).The specific energy supply referred to the untreated wood block was 4-8 W/g,with slight variations depending on the initial water content.The mass loss and the reflected microwave power were in-situ monitored during the experiments.The sample surface and chamber temperatures were measured with a pyrometer and a thermocouple,respectively.Physico-chemical and dielectric properties of the produced solids were investigated and compared to those of chars produced under conventional pyrolysis using the same raw materials.It is shown that the complex dielectric permittivity of the solid products changed drastically during the pyrolysis process,with increasing heating properties as the conversion process evolved.This was easily achieved using 60o W without susceptors.However,300 W was not enough to achieve a high conversion degree,independently of the irradiation time.This,together with the physico-chemical analyses of the solids,hinted to the importance of the transport kinetics in thermally thick materials,although further investigationis still required.

关键词： Microwave assistedpyrolysis Conventional pyrolysis Dielectric measurements Penetration depth Elemental analysis

Typhoon-and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

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national Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 93-101页

作者： Shanshan Wang Qinyi Li Ruifeng Zhang Anoop Sharad Mahajan Swaleha Inamdar nuria Benavent Sanbao Zhang Ruibin Xue Jian Zhu Chenji Jin Yan Zhang Xiao Fu alba Badia Rafael P.Fernandez Carlos A.Cuevas Tao Wang Bin Zhou Alfonso Saiz-Lopez Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB) National Research Council (CONICET) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas CabreraCSIC Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Environment Research Institute Shandong University Centre for Climate Change Research Indian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyMinistry of Earth Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Colorado Boulder Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University Sostenipra Research Group Institute of Environmental Science and Technology(ICTA)Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB)

Tropospheric reactive bromine is important for atmospheric chemistry,regional air pollution,and global climate.Previous studies have reported measurements of atmospheric reactive bromine species in different environments,and proposed their main sources,e.***.sea-salt aerosol（SSA）,oceanic biogenic activity,polar snow/ice,and volcanoes.Typhoons and other strong cyclonic activities（e.***.hurricanes） induce abrupt changes in different earth system processes,causing widespread destructive effects.However,the role of typhoons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains unexplored.Here,we report field observations of bromine oxide（BrO）,a critical indicator of reactive bromine,on the Huaniao Island（HnI）in the East China Sea in July 2018.We observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of9.7±4.2 pptv and a peak value of ～26 pptv under the influence of a typhoon.Our field measurements,supported by model simulations,suggest that the typhoon-induced drastic increase in wind speed amplifies the emission of SSA,significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA debromination.We also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high nOxconditions（ppbv level） suggesting a potential pollution-induced mechanism of bromine release from SSA.Such elevated levels of atmospheric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ～40% across the East China Sea.Considering the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisphere,reactive bromine chemistry is expected to play a more important role than previously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmospheric oxidation capacity.We suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typhoon-and pollution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activities on the earth system.

关键词： reactive bromine atmospheric chemistry marine boundary layer atmospheric oxidation capacity marine emission

Multi-tissue transcriptomics of a unique monozygotic discordant twin case of severe progressive osseous heteroplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 22-25页

作者： Alberto Gomez-Carballa Maria Jose Curras-Tuala Sara Pischedda Miriam Cebey-Lopez Jose Gomez-Rial Irene Rivero-Cale Jacobo Pardo-seco Xabier Bello Sandra Viz-Lasheras Antonio Justicia-Grande Julian Montoto-Louzao alba Camino-Mera Isabel Ferreiros-Vidal Maximo Fraga Jose RAntunez Rodolfo Gomez Federico Martinon-Torres Antonio Salas Genetics Vaccines and Infections Research Group(GENVIP)Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoSantiagode CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Laboratorio de Inmunologia Servicio de Andlisis ClinicosHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidade de Xenetica Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(INCIFOR)Facultade de MedicinaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostelaand GenPoB Research GroupInstituto de Investigacion SanitariaHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Musculoskeletal Pathology Group Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidad Integrada de BiobancosBiomodelos 3D y Modelos Animales IDIS(lnstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiagode Compostela)Galicia15706Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBER-ES) MadridSpain

Progressive osseous heteroplasia(POH)is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant disabling disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification(HO).It is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in the GnAS(guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide)gene.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying HO remain poorly understood.As a treatment for POH is not yet available,the identification of the mechanisms driving POH in affected tissues using gene expression may be of great help to underestand the molecular basis of POH and develop new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： stimulating driving asi

Enhancing sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer to DnA-damaging therapy through chemical inhibition of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 282-286页

作者： Bianca Cesaro Alessia Iaiza Fabio Piscopo Marco Tarullo Eleonora Cesari Dante Rotili Antonello Mai Alberto Diana Michela Londero Luca Del Giacco Riccardo Masetti alba Di Leone Chiara naro Silvia Masciarelli Giulia Fontemaggi Claudio Sette Francesco Fazi Alessandro Fatica Department of Anatomical HistologicalForensic&Orthopedic SciencesSection of Histology&Medical EmbryologySapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Biology and Biotechnologies“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)RomeItaly Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti FoundationSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of BioSciences University of MilanMilanItaly Multidisciplinary Breast Center Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di SanitàPubblicaCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Department of neuroscience Section of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly

Dear Editor,n 6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is a critical mRnA modi-fication catalyzed by the enzyme methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),with implications in RnA metabolism.METTL3 upregulation is associated with cancer progre... 详细信息

关键词： cancer methyltransferase metastasis

Endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer:Towards a global understanding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1377-1379页

作者： alba Panarese Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Central HospitalTaranto 74123Italy

Gastric cancer is widespread globally,and disease diagnosis is accompanied by high mortality and morbidity rates.However,prognoses and survivability have improved following implementation of surveillance and screening programs,which have led to earlier diagnoses.Indeed,early diagnosis itself supports increased surgical curability,which is the main treatment goal and guides therapeutic choice.The most recent Japanese guidelines for endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer consider the degree of endoscopic curability in relation to the characteristics of the gastric lesions.In clinical practice,the management approach for both prevention and treatment should be similar to that of colon lesions;however,unlike the established practices for colorectal cancer,the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways are not shared nor widespread for gastric cancer.Ultimately,this negatively impacts the opportunity to perform an endoscopic resection with curative intent.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Artificial intelligence Malignancy Helicobacter pylori Autoimmune gastritis Dysplasia

基于几何形态测量学的亚欧大陆已灭绝食肉动物齿痕埋藏特征

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Science Bulletin 2022年第16期67卷 1644-1648,M0003,M0004页

作者： José Yravedra Lloyd Austin Courtenay Darío Herranz-Rodrigo gonzalo Linares-Matás Juan JoséRodríguez-alba Verónica Estaca-Gómez Carmen Luzón Alexia Serrano-Ramos MiguelÁngel Maté-gonzález JoséAntonio Solano Diego gonzález-Aguilera Juan Manuel Jiménez-Arenas Department of Prehistory Ancient History and ArchaeologyComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain C.A.I.Archaeometry and Archaeological Analysis Complutense UniversityMadrid 28040Spain Grupo de Investigación Ecosistemas Cuaternarios Complutense UniversityMadrid 28040Spain Grupo de Investigación Arqueología Prehistórica Complutense UniversityMadrid 28040Spain Museo Primeros Pobladores de Europa‘Josep Gibert’ Orce 18858Spain Department of Cartographic and Land Engineering Higher Polytechnic School of AvilaUniversity of SalamancaAvila 05003Spain School of Archaeology St.Hugh’s CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxford 01865United Kingdom History and Arts Doctoral Program University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros en Topografía Geodesia y Cartografía.Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28031Spain Department of Prehistory and Archaeology University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain

确定动物遗骸状况的形成原因是法医学、考古学、古生物学与兽医学的主要研究方向之一.食肉动物因其进食习惯成为对尸体最具破坏力的群体之一.为识别Venta Micena3(奥尔赛,格拉纳达,西班牙)古生物遗址形成与变化过程中起决定作用的已灭... 详细信息

确定动物遗骸状况的形成原因是法医学、考古学、古生物学与兽医学的主要研究方向之一.食肉动物因其进食习惯成为对尸体最具破坏力的群体之一.为识别Venta Micena3(奥尔赛,格拉纳达,西班牙)古生物遗址形成与变化过程中起决定作用的已灭绝食肉动物,本研究采用10个已灭绝有蹄类动物长骨骨干上的28处齿痕与483个现存食肉动物齿痕进行了比较.基于3D扫描成像技术,研究团队重建了28处有待识别齿痕,并为每份样本放置25个界标(landmarks),通过广义普氏分析法进行几何形态学分析.在进行多变量分析时,采用了主成分分析法.与此同时,运用机器学习(machine learning)算法对全部参与识别齿痕化石进行了分类预测,平均准确率为94%.研究证实20处齿痕来自鬣狗科动物,6处来自大型猫科动物,1处来自犬属动物,另有1处无法确定来源.本研究提供了由已灭绝食肉动物牙痕构成的研究样例.

关键词：几何形态测量学埋藏特征有蹄类动物齿痕几何形态学机器学习分类预测多变量分析